Monitoring

1
????????????
??..??.??????? ??????????
Monitoring Assessment Appraisal Evaluation
Efficiency Effectiveness Impact ???? Benefit
2
??.??.??????? ??????????
??????????
? ???????????????????????? ????????????
?????????????????????????????????????? ?
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????????
?? ? ?????????????? ??????????????????????????????
? ???????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????
3
? ????????????????????????????????????????????????
? ????????????????????????????? ?
???????????????????????????????????????
??????????? ??????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? ???????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????
4
????????????????????????? Performance Assessment
/ Appraisal / Evaluation
??.??.??????? ??????????
??????? ????????????????? ???????????????????????
??????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
???? ???????????????? (WHO, 1981 5)
???????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
??????????????????????????? ??? ??????????????????
????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????
???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
?? ????????????????????????????????????????????
5
????????????????????????????????????? ?
??.??.??????? ??????????
1. ?????? (Measurement) ?????????????????????????
??? ????????? ?????????? (Criteria)?????????
??(Standard) ???????????? ??????????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
??? 2. ?????????????? (Comparison)
??????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ?????????????????????
??????????????????????????? ??????????????????
??????????? ????????????????????????????????????
???????????? 3. ??????????? (Judgement)
??????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????? ????
???????????????? ?????????????????
6
??????????? ?3 P
??.??.??????? ??????????

• 1. ????????? (Person)
• ??????????????????? (Personal Traits)
• ???????????? (Personality) / ?????????
• ?????????? (Competency ???? Ability)
• 2. ?????????? (Performance)
• ?????????????????? ???????????????????
  
• ???????????? ???????????????????????
• 3. ??????????/??????/??????? (Plan / Program /
  Project)

7
??????????????
??.??.??????? ??????????
????????????????????? Policy Decision
????????????????????????? Administration
Decision ??????????????????????????
Operation Decision
8
????????????????????????????????????????????
3 P
TYLER
PRODUCT
PURPOSE
PROCESS
SYSTEM APPROACH
LUDWICK
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
OUTCOME
FEEDBACK
9
STUFFLEBEAM
CIPP MODEL
CONTEXT INPUT PROCESS
PRODUCT
FEEDBACK
SCRIVEN
METHODOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION
OUTCOME
IMPACT ???????
OUTPUT ?????
EFFECT ???????
FORMATIVE EVALUATION ???????????????? SUMMATIVE
EVALUATION ??????????????
10
?????????????????? (SCRIVEN)
????????????????????? (Formative Evaluation)
?????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????
?????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????
?????
11
??????????????????? (Summative Evaluation)
- ?????????????????????????????????????? -
????????????????????????????????????? -
????????????????????????????? (??)
12
????????????????????????? ??????????????????
???????????? (Input)
????????? (Process)
???????? (Outcome)
???????????? (Input)
????????? (Process)
????? (Output)
??????? (Effect)
??????? (Impact)
??? ???????? ?????
??????? ??????? (Outcome) (Output)
(Effect) (Impact)
13
??????????????????????
????????????????? (Utilitarianism)
???????????? (Pluralism)
??????????????????? (Value - Oriented Evaluation)
14
??????????????
???????????? (Subjectivism)
?????????????????????????????????
(Naturalistic Approach) ??????????????
(Objectivism) ???????????????????(Systematic
Approach)
15
?????????????????? 4 ?????
1. ???????????????????????????????????????
Systematic Decision - Oriented Evaluation
System Model Goal - based
Approach(Behavioral Objectives Approach)
CIPP context Input Process Product Approach
(Stufflebeam) 3P (Tyler) Purpose--gt
Process --gt Product (Ludwick) --gt
System theory Input --gt Process --gt
Output --gt Outcome
16
2. ??????????????????????????????????????????????

• (Naturalistic Decision Oriented Evaluation)
• Utilization- Focused Approach
• Stakeholder - Based Approach
• Responsive Model

17
3. ??????????????????????????????????
Systematic Value - Oriented Evaluation
Judicial Approach Accreditation Approach
(Professional Review) Goal Free
Approach (Actual Effects)
18
4. ??????????????????????????????????????
Naturalistic Value - Oriented Evaluation
Effective Approach Criticism Approach
(Public Hearing) ????????????
19
????????????
??????????????
??????????
???????????????????????????????/??????
(PROGRAM GOAL) ???????????????????????????????
? (RESEARCH GOAL)
???????
????????????????/??????? (Ex-ante
Evaluation) ?????????????? (Ongoing
Evaluation) ????????????? (Ex-post
Evaluation)
20
?????????????????? (Process of Evaluation)
??????????? ?????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ??????????????????????
??????? ?????? ??????????????????????????????
??????????? ?????? ???????
21
?????????????????? / ???????

• 1. ?????????????????
• (Assessment of Components)
• 2. ???????????????????
• (Indicators)

22
1. ?????????????????

• ?????????????? (Relevancy)
• ??????????? (Adequacy/Coverage)
• ???????????? (Progress)
• ??????????? (Efficiency)
• ?????? - ???????????
  (Cost-Efficiency)
• ?????????????????????? / --gt ??????
  
• ????????????????????? (Technical
  Efficiency)
• ?????????? (Effectiveness)
• ??????? (Impact)

?????? ????????? ??????
????????? ??????? ??????
23
??????????????????/???????(Programme/Project
Evaluation)

• 1. ??????????? (Efficiency) / ??????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??? ???
• ?????????????????????? (?? ???? ????????????
  ???????) ?????????? ????

• ??????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????

24
??????????????????????????????? ???????????????
????

• ??????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
  ?????
• ????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????
  ???(Quality of Care)
• ??????????????????????????
• ??????????? ???????????????????????? ?????
• ?????? - ??????????? ???????????????????????????
  ?? ??????

25
2. ?????????? (Effectiveness)
??????? ??????????????????????????????
????????? ???? ????????????????????? (Degree of
Achievement) ??????????? ???????????????
???????/?????? ??????????/???????? ????

• ???????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????

?????????? ????????????????????????
??????? ?????? - ?????????? ????????????????????
?????????????????
26
3. ??????? (Impact) ?????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????? ??????????????
??????????????????????????? 6 Ds
Death ?????? Disease
?????????? Disability
????????? Dissatisfaction
?????????????? Discomfort
????????????? Disruption of Social
??????????????????
?????????????????????? ???????

?????? - ?????????? ????????????????????????
?????????? (Benefit/ Impact)
??????????????????/???????

27
2. ??????????????????????

• ???????????? (Input)
• ????????? (Process/Activities)
• ????? (Output)
• ??????? (Effect)
• ??????? (Impact)

???????? (Outcome) ????? ??????? ???????
28
??????????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????? ???????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????

29
??????????????????????????????????????????????
? ?????????????????

• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????

?????????????? ? ????????????????????????????????.

• ?????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????

30
?????????????????????????????
1. ????????? ??????????? 2. ???????????????????
????????????????? 3. ????????????????????????????
?? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????
???????????? ?????????????? 4.
??????????????????????? ???????
????????????????????????????????????
31
????????????????????????
1. ??????????????????????????????????????????????
2. ?????????????????????????????????????????????
???????? ??????????????? 3.
???????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? ? ???????????????????
???? 4. ????????????????????????????????????
?????????????? ??????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ?????????????
????????????????? 5. ????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????
32
?????????????????? PCU
???????????? (CLIENT)
- ??????????? (CLIENT SATISFACTION) -
???????????????????????? (PERCEIVED QUALITY OF
CARE) - ???????????????? (ACCESSIBILITY TO
PCU) - ???????????????????????????????????????????
???????? (?????????, ???????????,???????????,
???????, ????????????????????? ??????? ?)
33
???????????? (PROVIDER)
???????????????? (JOB SATISFACTION)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????? (PROACTIVE ---gt COMMUNITY HEALTH
PROMOTION)
?????????? (HEALTH SERVICE SYSTEM)
?????????? / ???????? ????????? / ???????
????????????????? / ???? LAB ??????
???????????????????? ???????????????????????????
? / ????????
34
??????????????? (MANAGEMENT)
??????????????????? PCU (Planning)
??????????????? / ??????????????? (Organizing
--gt Networking) ????????????? /
???????????????? (Staffing --gt Manpower)
??????????? / ??????????????? (Monitoring
Supervision Directing) ??????????????????????
/ ???????????? (Financing / Financial
Management/ Materials) ??????? cost analysis
?????????????? / ???????????? (Controlling --gt
Quality of care / standard of health care)