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CPU??

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Title: Subject: Author: Foter Last modified by: Created Date: 1/1/1601 12:00:00 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CPU??


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??? ??????
5
????????
  • ?????????????
  • ??????????,???????

CPU??
?
????
?
????
??
??
????
??????
??????
?
?
6
??? ?????????
?6-1 ??????????
7
  • ??RAM???
  • 1????(Bipolar) RAM

???RAM?????,?????,???,???,??,?????????????????????
???,?CACHE
8
  • 2?MOS?RAM

MOS?RAM???????????????????,???????? ?
MOS?RAM???????RAM(Static RAM)???RAM(Dynamic
RAM)??
9
  • ??ROM???

ROM??????????,????,??????,???????,?????????,?????
?????????????????????
10
  • ???????????,ROM????4?
  • ??ROM
  • ???ROM(Programmable ROM)
  • ???????ROM(Erasable PROM)
  • ?????????ROM(Electrically Erasable PROM)

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??? ?????RAM
  • ????RAM
  • (?)????????

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(?)??RAM?????
??RAM?????????,?????????????????/????????/?
?????????RAM??????????
13
  • ?????1K1????RAM?????????????????1024???,??
    ?????????????????,????RAM???????????????????,?????
    ??(X???)??????,???????(Y???)????????,????????????,
    ??????????

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  • (?)??RAM???
  • 1?Intel 6116?CMOS??RAM??,???????24????????????2K8
    ?,??????????????

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  • ??????????????CS??????WE??????????OE?????
  • ????,???A0A10???????????????????(??8????)????????
    ???CS0,OE1,WE0,????????????8??????,?D0D7????
    ???????????????,?????????8?????????,??????????????
    ????????,?????????CS0,OE0,WE1,?????8????,?????
    ??8????I/O????????D0D7???

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  • 2?Intel 2114??????10244????RAM ,Intel
    2114??????10244????RAM??????????????

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(?)??RAM?CPU??? ????RAM??????CPU????????,???????
??? 1?CPU??????? 2??????? 3?????????????? 4????
????
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  • ?????2K?????????????2128??2K????????????,????
    ????RAM2128(2K8?)?????????????,???2128??2K???????
    ???8086???????????????????????

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  • ?8086?16??????????16???(???,??AD0AD15),??????8??
    ?(????,??AD0AD7?AD8AD15)?
  • ?A0?????,CPU??AD0AD7,???????????????,CPU
    ??AD8AD15,??????????
  • ??A0???????,CPU?AD0AD15??,??????????,????
    ?????????,????????????????

20
BHE A0 ???? BHE A0 ???? BHE A0 ????
BHE A0 ?? ??????
0 0 0 1 1 0 ???????/???? ???????/????? ???????/????? AD15---AD0 AD15---AD8 AD7---AD0
0 1 1 0 ???????/???? AD15---AD8 (???) AD7---AD0 (???)
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...????
  • ???????????????????????,?
  • ????????????????,???????????,????????????,?????
    ???????????????

22
?????
  • ????????????????,??????????????????????????

??? ??
????
????
????
? ? ?
????
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  • 6264???????F0000HF1FFFH
  • 11110000000 11110001111

A12 A0
6264
A12-A0
A19
OE WE
A18
A17
???????????

A16
CS1
A15
D7 D0
A14
1
D7-D0
A13
24
??????
  • ?????????(?????)??????,???????????????????????
  • ?????5?????????,????????????????????,?????????????
    ??

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  • ?????????????
  • F0000HF1FFFH B0000HB1FFFH
  • A18?????

A19
? 6264 CS1
A17
A16

A15
A14
1
A13
26
????
  • ????74LS138?????????

74LS138???
Y0 G1 Y1 G2A Y2 G2B
Y3 Y4 A Y5 B Y6 C Y7
??????
??????
????
(?????????)
27
74LS138????(?????????) ????,??????????,Yi???A?B?
C???,? Yf(A,B,C)
Y7
Y6
Y5
Y4
Y3
Y2
Y1
Y0
C B A
G1 G2A G2B
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0 0 0
1 0 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0 0 1
1 0 0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0 1 1
1 0 0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1 0 0
1 0 0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1 0 1
1 0 0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 0
1 0 0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1 0 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
X X X
? ? ?
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????RAM??????????????????????????16K??,???
?????8?Intel 6116??,?????2K8????CPU?8086,????????
?,??,????????????????????????????????BHE??,???????
??A0???
??????????128K???RAM???,??????0000H??,????
??16K??RAM?????????????,????????RAM????????
???,16K????????????20000H23FFFH???,?????????????
?6?,?A19A14,??001000?
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16K?????CPU?????
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?????
  • ?Intel 2114????2K RAM?????,?????8088CPU??,?20??
    ??,8???????????2114 1K4?/??????,???2K?RAM????4?,
    ?????,?????1K????????????????4C000H??,????????????
    ???4C000H4C7ffH? ?????????

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????RAM
1????? ??????
?T1??????Cs??????,?????????,Q1???,????????
?D(???)??Cs????,??????????,T1???,????Cs??????T1???
??D?,?????,?????????

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2???RAM??? Intel 2118?? Intel 2118?????HMOS?????1
6K1??DRAM??,????????????,??5V????,?????/?????150
/11mW,????????????TTL?????Intel 2118???????????
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  • 2118?????16K1????????128128??,???????,?????7????
    ,??????7????,???16K???????????14????,??2118????7??
    ??????,?????2118???????RAS?CAS????????????

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Intel 2164
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Intel 2164??
  • ?64K1?DRAM??,?/????300n
    s,?????150ns,???16???????????, ?????65536
    ?????????????????????,??????????????,???2ms???????
    ????????128,??????7?(A6A0)?????,A7??????????????1
    6??????????

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???????????
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??? ?????ROM
  • ?????ROM
  • ???ROM??????????????????????????????????????ROM???
    ??????????MOS??????,??????????????,????,MOS?ROM???
    ,??????,??????????ROM???????????ROM???MOS??,????,?
    ?????????????

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  • ?????????44?MOS?ROM,??A1?A0???????,????????,???4?
    ??,??????4????

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  • ?????ROM
  • ?????????MOS ROM???????????,??????????????PROM(Pro
    grammable ROM),?????????????????ROM?????

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  • ???PROM??????????,??PROM??????????????????,???????
    ?????????

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  • ?????????ROM
  • ??EPROM?????????????,???????????,MOS?????SiO2??,??
    ???,??????????????????,???????????????,?ROM?????1?

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  • EPROM????????????????

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  • (?)Intel 2716??
  • Intel 2716?16K(2K8?)?EPROM,??5V?????????,??????45
    0ns

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  • ???2716????,???11????,??7???X??,??128?????,4???Y??
    ,??16????????2716?8?????,??8?Y???,??????????,??8??
    ???,??128128??????

48
2716?????
?? ?? PD/PGM CS Vpp Vcc ????
? ? ? 5V 5V ??
??? ?? ? 5V 5V ??
???? ? ?? 5V 5V ??
?? ?????? ? 25V 5V ??
???? ? ? 25V 5V ??
???? ? ? 25V 5V ??
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  • (?)2764
  • Intel 2764?????????EPROM??,?????8K8?,??????????20
    0450ns,????2716??,??24???2764?2716???????????,???
    8???????

50
2764?????
?? ?? PGM CS OE A9 VPP VCC ????
? ? ? ? ?? 5V 5V ??
???? ? ? ? ?? 5V 5V ??
???? ?? ?? ?? ?? 5V 5V ??
???? ?? ? ?? ?? 25V 5V ??
?? ? ? ? ?? 25V 5V ??
Intel?? ? ? ? ?? 25V 5V ??
???? ? ? ? ?? 25V 5V ??
Intel??? ? ? ? ? 5V 5V ??
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(?)Intel 27128??
  • 27128??????16K 8?,?????250ns,?????5V??,CE???????
    ????,??????????(CE????)??1/3?

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27128?????
?? ?? CE OE PGM VPP VCC ??
? ? ? ? 5V 5V DOUT
??(????) ? ?? ?? 5V 5V ??
?? ? ?? ?(50ms) 21V 5V DIN
???? ? ? ? 21V 5V DOUT
???? ? ?? ?? 21V 5V ??
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  • ????????27128??32K??ROM?????????8088CPU??,???????2
    8000H2FFFFH,?????????MS??A19A15?????

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  • ???EPROM????????
  • 1??VPP??25V?21V???,???????EPROM??
  • 2????,????Vcc5V,??Vpp25V?21V,???????VPP,??Vcc
  • 3??CS?????,VPP???????25V?21V?????

55
  • ???????????ROM
  • EPROM?????????????,????????????,??????????????????
    ?ROM,??EEPROM,???????EPROM??,????????????????

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2815?????
??? VPP CS OE D0D7
??? 5V ??? ??? ??
??? 21V ??? TTL??? ??
?????? 21V ??? TTL??? TTL???
?????? 21V ??? 9V15V TTL???
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??? ???????????
  • ???x86 CPU????????20???,??????1MB??1MB???????????
    ????IBM PC/XT??,???1MB????????IBM PC/XT??8088
    ?CPU,???????????x86 CPU???????????
  • IBM PC/XT?1MB????????????

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??? ???????
  • ??DRAM??
  • ??????DRAM??,?????????????DRAM???????DRAM????????F
    PM DRAM?EDO DRAM?SDRAM?RDRAM?DDR
    SDRAM???????DDRII SDRAM?

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  • FPM DRAM
  • EDO DRAM
  • SDRAM
  • RDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM
  • DDR II

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  • ???????(Flash)
  • ????????????????????,????????????????????????????
    ???(??,????)????????????????????????,???????,?PC??
    ?????????????????????????????,????????????????????
    ?,??????????????????(PDA)?

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  • ????????,Flash?EEPROM??????,?????Flash??????????,
    ?Flash????????,???????????????Flash???????????????
  • (1)????,???SRAM,Flash???????????
  • (2)????,Flash??????????
  • (3)????,Flash?????????110??,??????100??,?????????
    ????

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