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COLLEGE OF SCIENCES

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Title: COLLEGE OF SCIENCES


1
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2
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3

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4
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5
??????? ??????
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/schroedinger/
two-slit2.html
6
????? ??????? ??????
??1?2
?1
l
?1
?2
2
?2
l ?1- ?2 ?
1
????
3
l/2 l ?1- ?2 ?
7
(Hertz ??????? ?????????? (????
??? ????
???? ??????
????????? ??????
8
??????? ?????????? (???????)
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9
???? ??????? ??????????
????
??? ????? 1
????? ?????? ??????
??? ????? 2
?????
-Vs
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
10
???? ??????? ??????????
?????
????? ??????
Cu fc1.13 1015Hz lc0.264mm (UV),
???? 3
???? 2
Pt fc1.53 1015Hz lc 0.195mm (UV)
???? 1
f1
f3
f2
??? ?
??? ?? ? ? ?????
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
11
???????
????? ???????
???? ????? ?????
? ? ?? ??
??????
6.626 x 10-34 J. s ??
???? ?????
12
? ? ?? ??
Eph h c/ l
1.24/ l(mm) (eV) ??
c 299792458 m/s 3x108 m/s h
6.626 x 10-34 J. s, 1eV1.6 10-19 J
?????? ??????
????
??????
400 nm
760 nm
0. 40 mm lt l lt
0.76 mm
3.2 eV lt ??
gt 1.6 eV
7.5 x1014 Hz lt ?
gt 3.9 x1014 Hz
13
????? ??????? ??????????
???? ?????????
??? ????
????? ??????
f
????????? ??????
???? ??????
-
????
??? ??????
Ee Eph - f hf - f
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
14
eVs Eph - f hf - f
?????
????? ??????
eVs 0 , hfc f
Cu f4.7eV, fc1.13 1015Hz lc0.264mm (UV),
???? 1
???? 2
???? 3
Pt f6.35eV fc1.53 1015Hz lc 0.195mm (UV)
??? ?
f1
f3
f2
??? ?? ? ? ?????
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
15

???????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?
????? ?
??
????? ????? ?
16
????? ?????? ??? ???????
?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ?
??? ! ? ???????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ??
??? ???? ?? ???? !
17
De Broglie ????? ?? ?????? (1923)
l h / p
?????? ?????? ???????? ????????
???? 1
l 6.62 10-33 A ? v 10m/s ?????? m
10 ??? ? ????? ??????

???? 2
l 0.12A, v (2 e mU/)1/2 ? U 10kV ???????
?????? ??? ???

?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
18

?? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????
19

????? ? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????
20
??????? ??????????
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/schroedinger/
two-slit2.html
21
?????? ?????????? ?? ????????
???? ??????
???? ????? ?? ?????????
??? ?????? ????????
q
d
q
2 d sin q n l
????? ??????
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
22
(STM) ?????? ?????? ??????
http//www.iap.tuwien.ac.at/www/surface/STM_Galler
y/stm_schematic.html
23
????? ?????? ?? ?????
24
(STM) ???? ?????? ?????? ??????
25
??????? ??????
?????? ??????????
??? ???????
???????
?????? ??????
???? ?????????
26
??????? ??????
?????
??? ?
???? ??????
??? ?
27
(STM) ??????? ????? ??????
28
??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???????
48 ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????
http//www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm/stm.html
29
???? ???? ??? ??? ?????
http//www.phys.uri.edu/sps/STM/stm11.jpg
30
?? ??????? ???? ???........
?????? ??????
?????? ?????????
31
?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????
???????.....
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
32
? ?? ???? ????? ??????
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/schroedinger/
two-slit2.html
33

????? ??????
Bohr (1913) ????? ????????
34
??????? ????? ????
v
-
F

E ½ m v2 - ke2/r
???? ?????????
E -ke2/2r
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
35
??? ??????? ?????????
E -ke2/2r
36
??????? ????? ????
????? ???
???? ?????? ??????? ?????
v
-
F

n 1, 2, 3,
K1/4pe0
r n n2 e0(h2/pme2)
E ½ m v2- ke2/r
En -me4/(8 e0 h2 n2 )
E -ke2/2r
37
Bohr ? ????? (1920) ????? ??
????
?????? ?????????
???????
??????
??????? ?? ??????
38
????? ????? ???
???? ?????? ???????
n1, 2, 3,
??? ???? ?? ??????
r
l h/mv
???? ?????? ??????????
n l 2pr ?
?. ? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ?
1421
39
????? ??? (2) ?????
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/d
ebroglie.html
40
?????? ? ????? ?????
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/b
ohr2.html
41
?????? ?????
http//www.lightlink.com/sergey/java/java/atomphot
on/index.html
http//www.lightlink.com/sergey/java/download.html
42
????? ????? ??????????

-13.6 (1/?12-1/?22 ( (eV) ?? D
656nm
434 nm
486 nm
????? ??????
? 1 3, 4, 5,
?2 2

43
??? ??????????
486 nm
434 nm
656 nm
http//www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/b
almer.html
44
??? ??????? ?????
Hg
He
Li
Th
Cd
Sr
Ba
Ca
H
Na
45

????? ??????
(X-rays) ?????? ???????
46
??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?
http//www.anu.edu.au/physics/courses/Physics2000/
xray/making_xrays.html
47
???? ??????? ??????
??????? ??????
??? ???????
????? ??????
(n m??? ?????? (
????? ??????
http//liley.physics.swin.oz.au/dtl/sp407/projrad
/node3.html
48
???? ??????? ?????? (??????? ???????)
??????? ?????? (????? ?????)
Al-Ka 14186.6eV Mg- Ka 1253.6 eV
http//liley.physics.swin.oz.au/dtl/sp407/projrad
/node3.html
49
???? ?????? ???????
50

????? ??????
(L a s e r) ???? ??????
Light
?Radiation
Amplification
?Emission
?Stimulated
51
????? ????? ( ????? ??????)
??? ???? ?????? ?????
??? ???? ? ???
52
????? ??????
http//www.lightlink.com/sergey/java/java/laser/in
dex.html
http//www.lightlink.com/sergey/java/download.html
53
??? ???? ??????
??????? ????? ? ???? ????
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