By Dr. Steven Williams

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Family Systems
By Dr. Steven Williams
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3
The Family as a System
4
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5
General Statistics Nuclear Family (two
opposite-sex parents w/kids) is less than 25
of all U.S. households About 1/3 of all U.S.
babies born out of marriage in Sweden, more
babies born out of marriage than in
marriage Demographers in U.S. project that over
1/2 of children born in 1990s will spend at
least part of their life in single-parent
home Abortion in Russia 1.7 million annual
births compared to 2.1 million
abortions Same-sex marriages legal in NL, Canada
and Vermont (USA) Euthanasia legal in NL and in
Oregon (USA) In NL prostitution is a
legal/taxable business
6
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25 ???? ????? ? ??? ????? 1/3 ????
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???????? ???? ?????, ?????????? ? 1990-?,
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- 1.7 ????????? ????? ? 2.1 ?????????
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? ????????? ? ????? ?????? (???) ? ????????? -
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The process of family development
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The family life cycle (Duvall, 1977)
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????????? ???? ????? (??????, 1977)
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2 yrs
2.5 yrs
3.5 yrs
10 to 15 - years
1
2
3
8
7 years
4
5
5. Families with teenagers (oldest child 13 20
years) 6. Families as launching centers (first
child gone to last child leaving home) 7. Middle
aged parents (empty nest to retirement) 8.
Aging family members (retirement to death of both
spouses)
1. Married couples (without children) 2.
Childbearing families (oldest child, birth 30
months) 3. Families with preschool children
(oldest child 30 months 6 years) 4. Families
with schoolchildren (oldest child 6 13 years)
7
7 years
6
8 years
15 - years
Goldberg Goldberg 1985.
12

2 ????
2.5 ????
3.5 ????
?? 10 ?? 15 ???
1
2
3
5. ????? ? ??????????? (???????? 13 20
???) 6.????? ??? ????????? ???????? (?? ?????
??????? ? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????) 7.
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??????) 8. ??????? ????? ????? (?? ?????? ??
?????? ????? ????????)
1. ??????? (??? ?????) 2. ????? ? ??????????????
?????????? ?????? (???????? ?? 30 ??????? ??
????????) 3. ????? ? ?????? ??????????? ????????
(??????? ??????? ?? 30 ??????? ?? 6 ???) 4.
????? ? ?????? ????????? ???????? (???????
??????? 6 13 ???)
8
7 ???
4
5
7
7 ???
6
8 ???
15 - ???
Goldberg Goldberg 1985.
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Family developmental tasks
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Expressions of Family Dysfunction  
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• Pathological communication patterns
• Double-bind
• Mystification
• Assume/Accuse

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• ???o?????????? ?????? ???????
• ???????????? ?????????????
• ????????????
• ????????????/????????

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Extreme Patterns of Enmeshment/Disengagement
Chaotic/Rigid
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Functional and Dysfunctional Family Systems
COHESION
High
Low
Disengaged Separated
Connected Enmeshed
Chaotically Enmeshed
Chaotic
Chaotically Disengaged
High
Chaotically Seperated
Chaotically Connected
ADAPTABILITY
Flexibility Connected
Flexible
Flexibility Enmeshed
Flexibility Separeted
Flexibility Disengaged
Structurally Enmeshed
Structurally Connected
Structurally Separated
Structurally Disengaged
Structured
Rigidly Separated
Rigidly Connected
Rigidly Disengaged
Low
Rigidly Disengaged
Rigid
CIRCUMPLEX MODEL (source Olson, Sprenkle,
Russell, 1979.)
Closed
Open
Random
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CIRCUMPLEX MODEL (source Olson, Sprenkle,
Russell, 1979.)
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????????
??????, ??????-???
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Family Roles Dependent, Enabler, Mascot,
Clown, Scapegoat, Lost Child, Star/Hero, etc.
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(???????? ?????), ???, ????? ?????????,
????????????? ???????, ??????/?????, ?.?.
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Family violence
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Substance abuse Codependence Patterns
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Persistent family myths Pseudomutuality/Pseudohos
tility
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???-????????????
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S. WILLIAMS
DILEMMAS OF LIFE
(EXISTENIAL NEEDS)
(EMOTIONAL NEEDS) SECURITY SIGNIFICANCE
FAITH HOPE LOVE
(EXISTENTIAL ISSUES) TRUST / MISTRUST ACCEPTANCE
/ REJECTION RESPECT / DISREPECT JUSTICE / MERCY
(EMOTIONAL ISSUES) GAIN / LOSS JOY
/ ANGER FORGIVENESS / GUILT SAFTY / FEAR
PEACE / CONTROL
(LIFE RESULT) FREEDOM / DESPAIR
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S. WILLIAMS
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(???????????????? ???????????)
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(???????????????? ???????) ??????? / ?????????
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(????????????? ???????) ????????? / ??????
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(????????? ? ?????) ??????? / ????????
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S. WILLIAMS
COMMON ISSUES IN MARITAL RELATIONS
TANGIBLE ISSUES
RELATIONSHIP ISSUES
INTIMACY COMMUNICATION CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
MONEY SEX IN-LAWS CHILDREN
WORK/SCHOOL TIME
OBJECT RELATIONS
STRUCTURAL ISSUES
RULES ROLES
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S. WILLIAMS
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Recycling Frequency
Stages of Marriage Counseling
Worthington, 1989
Breaking up old Patterns of Noncontact
Building New Patterns of Intimacy
Assessment Feedbacks
Increasing Their Faith
Solidifying Changes
Ending Counseling
Breaking up Old Communicaion Patterns
Building New Communication Patterns
Recycling Frequency
Understanding
Rethinking
Acting
Supporting
Following-up
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Worthington, 1989
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