Warm up Write the questions!!

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Warm upWrite the questions!!

• Describe the interior (Underground) of the Earth.
  
• About how deep is the Earth going from one end to
  the other?
• Use page 309-311

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Describe the interior (Under ground) of the
Earth.

• The Earth is divided in to 4 main layers. The
  Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core

3
About how deep is the Earth going from one end to
the other?

• About 33, 600 Ft
• 4000 miles

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This weeks Vocabulary Words

• Crust- the outer layer of Earth
• Mantle- Earths second layer from the surface
• Outer Core- Earths third layer from the surface.
  
• Inner Core- Earths fourth layer from the surface
• Magma- Molten rock beneath Earths surface
• Earthquakes- vibrations produced when rock breaks
  along a fault
• Plate tectonics- theory that Earths crust and
  upper mantle are broken into plates that float
  and move across on a plastic like layer of the
  mantle.
• Continental Drift- Wegeners hypothesis that all
  continents were once connected in a single large
  landmass that broke apart about 200 millions
  years ago and drifted slowly to their current
  positions.

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Title Earths Layers

• Standard- S6E5a. Compare and contrast the Earths
  crust, mantle, and core including, temperature,
  density and compositions.
• EQ How are the Earths Layers alike and
  different?

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Layers of the Earth

• Skin of the peach is the crust
• Meat of the peach is the mantle
• Pit of the peach is the core

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Layers of the EARTH
INNER CORE 800 miles thick and up to 13,000 F
CRUST 5 to 25 miles thick and up to 1,600 F
OUTER CORE 1,400 miles thick and up to 11,000 F
MANTLE 1,800 miles thick and up to 8,000 F
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The Crust

• The thickness of Earths crust varies from about
  32 kilometers under the continents, to about 8
  kilometers under the oceans.
• Earths crust is made of two layers. The top
  layer is made mostly of light colored rock called
  granite, is less dense than the bottom layer
  which is made up of a dark colored rock called
  basalt.
• Both layers are found under the Earths
  continents. Only basalt is found in the crust
  under the oceans.
• Temperatures increase with depth from about 20
  degrees C. at the top and a sizzling 870 degrees
  C. at the bottom of the crust.

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The Mantle

• About 100 years ago a Croation scientist Andrijal
  Mohorovicic made a discovery while studying the
  behavior of earthquakes in the ground. His
  studies Revealed that the waves increased in
  speed as they passed through a boundary at a
  depth below the surface between 32 and 64
  kilometers. He felt that this happened because
  the waves traveled through a less dense area.
• We now know that he founded the layer next to
  Earths crust which was the mantle.
• The makeup of the mantles rock is similar to the
  crusts. The main difference is that there is
  more iron in the mantle than in the crust.
• Earths Mantle is about 2,900 kilometers thick
  and Temperature range from about 870 degrees C.
  to 2,200 degrees C at its bottom. At these
  temperatures rock begins to flow like a thick
  syrup.

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The Outer Inner Core

• Earths made up of two parts, a shell called the
  outer core and a sphere called the inner core.
• The outer core temperature ranges from 2,200 to
  5000 degrees C. which is the temperature of the
  inner core.
• Both cores are made up of iron and nickel.
• However, while the iron and nickel in the outer
  core are liquids, the same metals in the inner
  core are solids.
• The melting point of iron is 1535 degrees C. The
  melting point of nickel is 1455 degrees C. Since
  the temperatures are higher than the melting
  points in both cores you might expect it to be
  liquid in both places.
• BUT the reason that the inner core is solid is do
  to the enormous pressure bearing down on the
  inner core. This is the Pressure of the Crust,
  Mantle and Outer Core COMBINED! Pressure can keep
  a solid from expanding even when the temperature
  is greater than the melting point.
• The outer core is about 2250 kilometers thick.
  The border from the inner core to the center of
  Earth is about 1,230 kilometers thick

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Warm up/ Vocabulary Words

• Lithosphere- rigid layer of Earth about 100 km
  thick, made of crust and part of the upper mantle
• Asthenosphere plastic like layer of Earth on
  which the lithospheric plates float and move
  around
• Density- a measurement of mass of an object
  divided by volume.
• Composition- a collection of material formed by
  two or more substances
• Temperature- a measure of the warmth or coldness
  of an object or substance with reference to some
  standard value.
• Convection current- current in the Earths mantle
  that transfers heat in the Earths interior and
  is the driving force for plate tectonics

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Topic Layers Part 2Standard/Objective S6E5a.
Compare and contrast the earths crust mantle and
core including the temperature, density and
composition.EQ What is the difference between
the Lithosphere and the Asthenosphere??What is
density?
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Lithosphere and Asthenosphere

• Lithosphere
• PLATES in Plate Tectonics
• Upper 200 km
• Apart of the Crust and upper mantle
• Rigid
• Asthenosphere
• 200 km to 700 Km
• Apart of the Upper mantle
• Hi temperatures / high pressure little strength
  ductile / plastic - NOT A LIQUID!
• Plates moving on this
• Magma generation

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What is Density?
If you take the same volume of different
substances, then they will weigh different
amounts.
Wood
Iron
Water
1cm³
0.50 g
1.00 g
8.00 g
Q) Which has the greatest mass and therefore the
most dense?
Density is the Mass Per unit Volume!!!!!
D mass g or g volume ml cm³
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Layers Questions?

• In general, how does the density of material in
  the Earths layers change with the depth?
• Density increases with depth
• Density decreases with depth
• Density does not change with depth
• Density increases, then decreases with depth
• 2. In Earths crust, what type of rock is found
  under the oceans?a. only granite
• b. Only basalt
• c. Granite on top, basalt underneath
• d. Basalt on top, granite underneath
• 3. The thickest layer of the Earth is the
• a. Crust b. Mantle
• c. Inner Core d. Outer core

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Density Questions
1. 48 grams of a block of wood measures 6 cm
long, 5 cm wide , and 4 cm high. What is the
density of the wood ? 2. 25 grams of stone is
placed into a graduated glass filled with 30 mL.
of water and completely submerged. The water
level rises to 40 mL. What is the density of the
stone ?
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The Composition of Earth
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Temperature of Earths Layers
Crust
Cooler
Mantle
Core
Hotter!!!
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Density of Earths Layers
Less Dense
More Dense