Lutheran Church

1
Lutheran Church
Catholic Church

• Priesthood of all
• No Religious Life
• Married clergy
• No Pope
• A National Church
• 2 SacramentsBaptism/Eucharist
• No Mass
• Different view of Real Presence
• Vernacular Bible and Worship
• Stress on Preaching
• Good Works rejected (eg. Fasting, pilgrimages,
  indulgences, etc.)

• Hierarchical priesthood
• Religious Life
• Celibacy
• Authority of Pope and Bishops
• A Universal Church
• 7 Sacraments
• Mass
• Christ actually present in the Eucharist
• Latin (until 1960s)
• Stress on Tradition Authority
• Value of faith and working out your salvation
  through good works

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Lutheran Church
Catholic Church
FAITH ALONE
GRACE ALONE
SCRIPTURE ALONE
SCRIPTURE TRADITION
FAITH WORKS
AUTHORITY - POPE BISHOPS
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John Calvin (1509 1564)

1. What does the term Predestination mean for
   Calvin?
2. Why can Catholics not accept Calvins teaching
   about Predestination?
3. In Catholic teaching, what is there, aprart from
   Scripture, that contributes to our knowledge of
   salvation?

4
Huldrych Zwingli (1484 1531)

1. List the main points of Zwinglis programme of
   reform
2. In what ways did his proposals go against
   Catholic teaching and doctrine?

5
Three Major Protestant Streams

• Lutheran
• Calvin
• Anglican

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Lutheranism

• Key event publication of Luthers 95 Theses in
  1517
• Human beings have fallen nature. Only faith
  brings salvation
• Primacy of the Bible. Encourages individual
  interpretation of scripture
• Accepts only the sacraments of baptism and
  Eucharist. Believes in consubstantiation body
  and blood of Christ coexist with the bread and
  wine which do not change
• Rejects holy days, fast days, honoring saints,
  indulgences, the rosary, monasticism, the other
  five sacraments

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Calvinist

• Key event publication of Calvins Institutes of
  the Christian
• Religion in 1536
• Human nature is utterly depraved
• The doctrine of predestination. Christ died only
  for the elect. The elect cannot resist Gods
  grace. Nor can they backslide
• Accepts only baptism and eucharist. Believes only
  in Christs spiritual presence in the eucharist.
  Encourages Bible reading, sobriety, thrift,
  capitalism, and a strict Sabbath observance.
  Stresses the priesthood of all believers and
  democracy in the church
• Rejects whatever is not in the Bible for
  example, vestments, images, organs, hymns

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Anglican

• Key event Henry VIII declares himself head of
• church in England in 1534
• Accepts most Catholic teachings about faith and
  good works. Does not recognise papal primacy
• The monarch is head of the church in England. The
  monarch establishes what is allowable religious
  practice in the realm
• Believe in the seven sacraments. Liturgy very
  similar to Catholic liturgy. Bishops head
  dioceses and priests serve in parishes. Priests
  can marry.
• Accepts The Book of Common Prayer and most Roman
  Catholic beliefs and practices

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Development of the Christian Churches
EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
4th Century Church of Roman Empire
Mestorian Armenian Jacobite Coptic
Churches
1054 GREAT SCHISM
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Development of the Christian Churches
GREAT SCHISM
Eastern Orthodox (Constantinople)
Western Christianity (Rome)
Roman Catholic Church
16th Century Reformation
Church of England
Anabaptists
Lutherans
Calvinists
Baptists Congregationalists Presbyterians
Methodiests Quakers