Electrical properties

1
Chapter 7

• Electrical properties

2
Typical values of electrical conductivity
3
Formation of polyacetylene and polyethylene
4
Polyparaphenylene and polypyrrole
5
TCNQ, TTF,
6
Electrical resistance of YBa2Cu3O7
7
Meissner effect showing repulsion of a
superconductor
8
Levitation inaction
9
Type I and II superconductors
10
Some superconducting materials
11
Perovskite-related cuperate structures showing
octahedral
Cu
YBa2Cu3O6
ABO3
A3B3O9-3
Cu2
Y
Ba
BaTiO3
RbxWO3
Cu3
YBa2Cu3O7
Cu2
A3B3O9-2
12
Perovskite-related cuperate structures showing
square planar
13
Cu3, d8 Cu2, d9 and Cu(I), d10s1
14
Crystal structures of YBa2Cu3O7 and YBa2Cu3O6
15
Tc vs oxygen content
YBa2Cu3Od
Oxygen loss on heating
YBa2Cu3O7
Pressure of O2 in bars
16
Tc as a function of lattice parameter for K3C60
The interaction of C603- anions determines
conductivity.
more metallic
less metallic
17
Conductivity of metals, semiconductors and
insulators
18
Relation between electronic properties and
magnitude of the band gap
19
p-type semiconductivity in gallium-doped silicon
20
n-type semiconductivity in arsenic-doped silicon
21
A pn junction
22
Migration of cation vacancies
23
Schematic ionic conductivity of doped NaCl crystal
s nem0exp(-Em/RT)
n N exp(-Ef/2RT)
Na1-2xMnxVxCl
Low temp
High temp
Em activation energy of cation migration Ef
activation energy to form Schottky defects
24
Pathway for Na migration in NaCl
25
Triangular interstice
26
Ionic conductivity of pure NaCl as a function of
temperature
27
Conductivity in NaCl crystals
28
Migration of interstitial Ag ions by direct
interstitial jump and indirect interstitialcy
mechanism
29
Effect of Cd2 on conductivity of AgCl crystals
This indicates more than one mechanisms for
conductivity.
s depends on Agi
Addition of Cd2 decreases Agi first, then
increase VAg.
30
Solid electrolytes as intermediate between normal
crystalline solids and liquids
31
Ionic conductivity of some solid electrolytes
LT
HT
32
Oxide layers in ?-alumina
33
Oxide packing in ?- and ?-alumina
34
Conduction plane in ?-alumina
35
Conductivity of PbF2
An example of F- anionic conductor
36
Some oxide ion conductors
37
Electrochemical cell containing a solid
electrolyte
38
Components of a secondary lithium battery
39
A thin film electrochromic device
40
Oxygen concentration cell
41
Dielectric material between two plates of a
parallel plate capacitor
42
Hysteresis loop of a ferroelectric
43
Some ferroelectric materials
44
Spontaneous polarization of a TiO6 octahedron in
BaTiO3
45
Dipole orientation in a ferroelectric, an
antiferroelectric, and a ferrielectric
46
Ferroelectric domains separated by a domain wall
or boundary
47
Dielectric constant for barium titanate ceramic
e C/(T-q)
Curie-Weiss Law
paraelectric
antiferroelectric
48
Antiferroelectric-ferroelectric transition in
PbZrO3 as a function of applied field
ferroelectric
antiferroelectric
49
Displacement of phosphorus within a PO2(OH)2