The Election of 1912

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17-4/17-5 Taft Wilson
Mr. WellsHickory Ridge HS
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The Republican Party President William H. Taft
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President Taft

• Won election of William Jennings Bryan in 1908
• Supported by Theodore Roosevelt
• - Taft was TRs Secretary of State
• Never got credit for busting 90 trusts
• Payne-Aldrich Tariff
• Taft wanted to lower tariffs
• Roosevelt warned against this
• Congress passed tariff which barely cut tariffs
  and raised prices on some of them
• Taft lost a lot of support from Progressives

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Never Again!
Taft Abandons Support for Womens Suffrage
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ConservationIssueTheBallinger-PinchotContro
versy
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KeeptheWhistleBlowing
Taft was determined to defeat TR and preserve
the Republican Party.
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Republican Party Platform

• High import tariffs.
• Put limitations on female and child labor.
• Workmans Compensation Laws.
• Against initiative, referendum, and recall.
• Favored businesses against bad trusts
• Creation of a Federal Trade Commission.
• Stay on the gold standard.
• Conservation of natural resources because they
  are finite.

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The Progressive Party Former President
Theodore Roosevelt
People should riseabove their sectarianinterests
to promote the general good.
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Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS New
Nationalism
Big business requires big government.
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TheAnti-Third-TermPrinciple
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Progressive Party Platform

• Womens suffrage.
• Graduated income tax.
• Inheritance tax for the rich.
• Lower tariffs.
• Limits on campaign spending.
• Currency reform.
• Minimum wage laws.
• Govt. supervision of big business
• Abolition of child labor.
• Workmens compensation.

NewNationalism
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As Big As a Balloon
Tariff Reform
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TRWomensSuffrage The Militant Recruit
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The Socialist Party Eugene V. Debs
The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am
for Socialism because I am for humanity.
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Growth of the Socialist Vote
Year Socialist Party Socialist Labor Party Total
1888   2,068 2,068
1890   13,704 13,704
1892   21,512 21,512
1894   30,020 30,020
1896   36,275 36,274
1898   82,204 82,204
1900 96,931 33,405 130,336
1902 223,494 53,763 277,257
1904 408,230 33,546 441,776
1906 331,043 20,265 351,308
1908 424,488 14,021 438,509
1910 607,674 34,115 641,789
1912 901,873

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The Industrial Worker I. W. W.
The first American labor group to open its
membership to all wage-earning workers,
regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or
gender.
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Socialist Party Platform

• Government ownership of railroads and utilities
  (Business).
• Guaranteed income tax.
• No tariffs.
• 8-hour work day.
• Better housing.
• Government inspection of factories.
• Womens suffrage.

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The Democratic Party Governor Woodrow Wilson
(NJ)
Could he rescue the Democratic Party from
Bryanism??
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Democratic Party Platform

• Government control of the monopolies ?
  trusts in general were bad ? supports small
  business
• Tariff reduction.
• One-term President.
• Direct election of Senators.
• Create a Department of Labor.
• Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
• Did NOT support womens suffrage.
• Opposed to a central bank.

NewFreedom
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UpAgainst theHurdles
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Election Results

• By 1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted for
  Wilson than had voted for Bryan in 1908.
• The 1912 election marked the end of the Socialist
  movement in America.

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GOP Divided by Bull MooseEquals Democratic
Victory!
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Democrats Take The White House

• NJ Gov. Woodrow Wilson elected President
• New Freedom Platform

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Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914

• Corporations cant buy stock if it creates a
  monopoly
• Injunctions against strikers prohibited unless
  they destroy property
• Samuel Gompers (AFL) calls it the Magna Carta for
  labor
• Labor Unions and Farm organizations can exist
• ? no longer subject to Anti-Trust laws

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Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914
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The Federal Trade Commission 1914

• Power to investigate corporations and unfair
  business practices
• Required periodic reports from corporations

Federal Trade Commission in Washington, DC
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The Underwood Act of 1913

• Greatly reduced tariffs (1st since Civil War)
• Wilson urged voters to monitor their Senators
  votes
• Senate wanted this more than the House

The Sixteenth Amendment - Taxed more on higher
incomes than lower - Gained more revenue in
1917 than tariffs
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The Federal Reserve System (1913)

• Divided the Nation in 12 Districts
• Established regional banks in each district
• Transfers money to banks in trouble

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The Federal Reserve System (1913)
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The Womens Struggle

• By 1910, only 5 states allowed women to vote
• Boston groups organized door to door campaign
• National Womens Party created (Radical)
• ? picketed the White House

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Success to Womens Suffrage

• Active local grass root groups
• New strategies to build enthusiasm
• National Movement under Carrie Chapman Catt
• 19th Amendment finally
• passed in 1920

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President Wilsons Broken Promises

• Opposed federal anti-lynching legislation
• Appointed segregationists to his Cabinet
• Failed to oppose resegregation of federal offices
• Delegation of African-
• Americans told Wilson he
• betrayed them (11/12/1914)
• ? William M. Trotter

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

• 1912Competing Visions for America.Ohio State
  University.http//history.osu.edu/projects/1912/
  
• HarpWeek/Elections. Election of
  1912.http//www.elections.harpweek.co
• Susan M. Pojer Horace Greely HS, NY
• Chris Balga Hickory Ridge HS, NC