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Understanding life processes

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Understanding life processes Wildlife Biology & Ecosystems Review / Summary What are the life processes of wildlife organisms? Why are they important? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Understanding life processes


1
Understanding life processes
  • Wildlife Biology Ecosystems

2
Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards
Addressed!
  • HS-LS2-1. Use mathematical and/or computational
    representations to support explanations of
    factors that affect carrying capacity of
    ecosystems at different scales. Clarification
    Statement Emphasis is on quantitative analysis
    and comparison of the relationships among
    interdependent factors including boundaries,
    resources, climate and competition. Examples of
    mathematical comparisons could include graphs,
    charts, histograms, and population changes
    gathered from simulations or historical data sets.

3
Bell Work / Objectives
  • Explain important life processes of wildlife
    organisms.
  • Describe the life span stages of wildlife.
  • Distinguish between feeding groups.
  • Describe how ecosystems are important in wildlife
    biology.

4
Terms
  • Abiotic factor
  • Biophage
  • Biotic factor
  • Carnivore
  • Circulation
  • Digestion
  • Ecosystem
  • Elimination
  • Food
  • Food chain
  • Food web
  • Growth
  • Herbivore
  • Ingestion
  • Life processes
  • Life span
  • Locomotion
  • omnivore

5
Terms
  • Photosynthesis
  • Reproduction
  • Respiration
  • Saprophage
  • Secretion
  • Sensation

6
Age of a Tree
  • How is the age of a tree determined?
  • Estimate the age of this tree.
  • How does a trees age reflect the life cycle of
    the tree?
  • Observe a fish scale.
  • What are the layered edges of a fish scale?
  • Are the layers present?

7
What are the life processes of wildlife
organisms? Why are these important?
  • Life Processes essential functions of a living
    organism in order to remain in the living
    condition.
  • Supporting life processes is a part of managing
    wildlife populations.
  • When life processes stop, an organism dies.
  • There are eight life processes used in wildlife
    science.

8
The 8 Life Processes
  • Growth
  • Food (Ingestion, Digestion, Elimination)
  • Circulation
  • Respiration
  • Secretion
  • Sensation
  • Locomotion
  • Reproduction

9
Life Processes - Growth
  • The process of an organism increasing in size by
    adding cells, by the cells getting larger, or by
    replacing cells.
  • With young organisms, growth is primarily adding
    cells to increase size.
  • With mature organisms, growing new cells is
    needed to replace those that are lost.
  • Growth requires food with essential nutrients.

10
Life Processes - Food
  • Any substance that nourishes an organism
  • Animals get their food by swallowing, otherwise
    known as ingestion.
  • Once ingested, digestion occurs.
  • Digestion process that changes food into forms
    that can be absorbed by the animal.

11
Life Processes - Food
  • After digestion, elimination occurs.
  • Elimination remaining food materials are
    expelled from the body. (waste)
  • Plants make their food by the process of
    photosynthesis.

12
Life Processes - Circulation
  • Movement of substances within an organism
  • Food nutrients, digested food, and other
    substances are involved in circulation.
  • Animals have a circulatory system that involves
    the heart, and blood vessels.

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14
Life Processes - Respiration
  • Process by which an organism provides its cells
    with food and oxygen.
  • Oxygen and carbon dioxide are the two primary
    substances important in respiration.
  • Animals use structures, such as lungs and gills,
    for respiration.

15
Life Processes - Secretion
  • Production within an organism of substances
    needed for life processes.
  • Specialized body structures, known as glands, are
    often responsible for secretion of hormones or
    have other specific functions.

16
Life Processes - Sensation
  • Ability of an organism to feel or otherwise
    gather information and respond to its
    environment.
  • Animals sensation is easier to understand than
    plants.
  • Animals typically have touch, taste, sight,
    smell, and hearing.

17
Life Processes - Locomotion
  • The movement of an animal from one place to
    another.
  • All organisms have some type of movement. Both
    internal and external.
  • Internal movements are needed for an organism to
    carry out life processes.

18
Life Processes Reproduction
  • Process by which organisms give rise to new
    organisms of the same species.
  • This is not a life process that is essential for
    living however it is essential for a species to
    perpetuate itself.
  • Reproduction may involve sexual or asexual
    reproduction.

19
What are the life span stages of wildlife?
  • Life Span
  • The period of life of an organism which includes
    five stages.
  • Beginning / Birth
  • Growth Development
  • Maturity
  • Decline
  • Death

20
5 Life Span Stages
  • The first stage is the Beginning/Birth
  • With animals, life span begins with birth or
    hatching.
  • Most animal babies require some support from
    their mothers, although some can live without
    care provided.

21
5 Life Span Stages
  • The second stage is Growth Development.
  • New organisms grow and develop rapidly to reach
    maturity.
  • If nutritious food is available in an organisms
    environment, they will typically grow even faster.

22
5 Life Span Stages
  • The third stage is Maturity.
  • Mature organisms are fully developed, although
    some additional growth or changes may occur.
  • Maturity includes the ability to reproduce.

23
5 Life Span Stages
  • The fourth stage is Decline
  • Eventually, organisms begin to lose their ability
    to maintain themselves, and aging sets in.
  • Life processes may occur at a slower rate and the
    organisms loses its strength and weakens.

24
5 Life Span Stages
  • The fifth stage is Death.
  • Death is the end of the life of an organism.
  • The protoplasm in its cells is no longer active.
  • Upon death, an organism decays and the nutrients
    return to the earth to support future life.

25
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26
What are the different feeding groups?
  • There are two ways feeding groups are classified.
  • Feeding groups can be classified by whether what
    they eat is living or dead.
  • Feeding groups can also be based on food material
    that they eat.

27
Classification based on food that is living or
dead.
  • Biophage wildlife animal that eats living
    plants or animals.
  • Saprophage wildlife animal that eats dead
    animals or plants.
  • They are sometimes known as scavengers. (turkey
    vulture)

28
Classification based on food material.
  • Herbivore wildlife animal that eats only plant
    food material.
  • Carnivore wildlife animal that eats only the
    flesh of other animals. Carnivores are usually
    the larger animals that prey on the smaller
    animals.
  • Omnivore wildlife animal that eats both plant
    and animal material.

29
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30
What is an ecosystem? How are they important in
wildlife biology?
  • Ecosystem the community of living and nonliving
    things in a particular environment or area.
  • Ecosystems may be large or small and include air,
    water, and land.
  • Ecosystems are always changing. If a drastic
    change occurs, an organism is forced ot seek a
    new place to live or it dies.

31
What are the two major factors in an ecosystem?
  • Biotic Factors a living organism, such as an
    animal or plant. Biotic factors depend on the
    abiotic factors for life-giving needs.
  • Abiotic Factors nonliving things, such as
    water, sunlight, and soil. Without abiotic
    factors, organisms cannot live.

32
Ecosystems
  • Ecosystems have an organized energy transfer
    system.
  • A Food Chain is the sequence in a community in
    which animal wildlife species get their food. All
    species have different food chains.
  • The differences in the food chains form unique,
    interconnected food webs.

33
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35
Review / Summary
  • What are the life processes of wildlife
    organisms?
  • Why are they important?
  • What are the life span stages of wildlife?
  • What are the different feeding groups?
  • What is an ecosystem?
  • How are they important in wildlife biology?

36
The End!
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