ES 101 Projects and Ethics

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ES 101Projects and Ethics

• Dr. Robert A. Perkins, PE
• ffrap_at_uaf.edu
• http//www.faculty.uaf.edu/ffrap/

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Whats an engineer?

• LS 100
• T vs. Q
• Different than a scientist?
• Engineers Design things
• Needlework?
• Designs that must use natural science and
  mathematics.

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Steps in Engineering Education

• (Inclination, motivation)
• General College
• Math and Science
• General Engineering
• General Discipline
• Special Discipline

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Thought Methods

• Analysis
• Synthesis
• Components
• Design

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Design Output

• Report
• calculations
• recommendations
• Plans and Drawings
• Specifications

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• Most engineering work gets done is projects
• Whats a project
• in your own words

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What is a project?

• One-of-kind undertaking
• Definite objective
• Start and end points

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Engineers work

• Owners of Projects
• planning, administration, expert advice
• Design of Projects
• A/E
• Construction
• planning, bidding, administration, design
• Regulation

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Project Life Cycle
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Three aspects of P.M

• Schedule
• time
• Cost
• budget
• Production
• performance, specification

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Bar Chart Schedules

• Most common
• Simple
• (Excel)
• Gantt chart

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WBS

• Cost codes
• (Excel)

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Types of Estimates

• Rough - gut level, inaccurate -30 to 60. ROM
• Semi detailed - based on historical records,
  reasonably sophisticated and accurate -15 to
  20.
• Detailed - based on detailed specifications and
  cost models, very accuracy -3 to 5.

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Difficulties in Estimation

• One of a Kind
• Estimation by analogy
• Time and effort available
• Estimator experience

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Take Home Thoughts

• Most engineers work on projects
• Projects have a life cycle
• Accuracy of estimates increases with design
  completion
• Projects must be managed with attention to cost,
  schedule, and performance
• Projects are estimated and tracked with a work
  breakdown structure
• Changes to design cost more as the project
  progresses

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Engineering as a Profession
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What is a profession?

• Specialized education leading to knowledge and
  skills not commonly possessed by the public
• The work requires exercise of discretion and
  judgment and is not subject to standardization.
• The profession has legal status and requires
  well-formulated standards for admission such as
  registration or licensing
• Standards of conduct are set forth in codes of
  ethics

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• Group consciousness promotes knowledge and
  professional ideals through societies and
  associations.
• The professional community exercises oversight
  and control of member conduct
• Activates satisfy indispensable and beneficial
  needs, with service to the public as the foremost
  motive.

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Professional licensing

• AKA Registration
• Dates to early 1900
• Chaos with development
• Texas one of last
• Most countries have similar laws
• Laws and Regulations
• Law establishes Board of Registration
• Promulgates regulations

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Alaska

• Has unified board of Architects, Engineers, and
  Land Surveyors
• Belongs to NCEES
• National Council of Examiners for Engineering and
  Surveying
• Develops Exams (FE and PE) and
• Suggests policy

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Licensing

• Education
• 4 years ABET
• Experience
• 4 years
• Examination
• Pass both FE and PE

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Why does society issue licenses?
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Protect the Public
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Why get your license?

• Certain jobs require it
• You must have it to consult
• In many situations it improves your chances for
  promotion
• Professional pride
• Industrial exemption
• Dilbert doesnt have license

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Organization of Profession

• Or, engineering the fragmented profession.
• Discipline
• Employment
• Management

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Discipline

• ME, CE, EE, others
• ME
• HVAC
• Machine
• Energy
• And so on

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Employment

• Government
• Industry
• Academia/Research
• Construction
• Consulting

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Ethics

• What do we mean by ethics?

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What is morality

• Conduct and motives
• Right and wrong
• Good and bad character

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What is ethics?

• Ethics is the study of morals
• The application of morals
• Analysis of moral choices

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Professional Ethics

• Engineering ethics
• Rules and standards that govern our engineering
  choices and decisions
• How should we conduct ourselves in our
  professional capacity?
• Cost vs. safety.

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• Engineers handle complex matters
• future effects
• Personal vs. Professional Ethics
• Personal
• How we treat other persons
• Professional
• Corporations
• Governments

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Why teach ethics

• Good people know the right thing to do and do it.
• Bad people are not going to do the right thing.
• Heat recovery system.

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Code of Ethics

• NSPE
• All major engineering societies similar
• Alaska (all most states) regulations
• Intent of Code is encourage/regulate professional
  conduct for the good of society.

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Engineersshall hold paramount the safety, health
and welfare of the public.

• Fundamental canon 1.

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NSPE Code

• NSPE Ethics
• State of Alaska Ethics
• (via touch and go)
• http//touchngo.com/lglcntr/akstats/AAC/Title12/Ch
  apter036/Section200.htm

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Issues

• Conflict of Interest
• Confidentially
• Contributions and Kickbacks
• Whistle blowing
• International
• Benefit Cost
• Safety v. Affordability

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Take Home Thoughts

• Engineering is a profession
• Engineers make decisions with profound effect on
  the public heath, safety, and wellbeing
• Engineers are required to be licensed to practice
  engineering
• Engineers have a code of ethics that governs
  their professional conduct

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If nothing else, remember

• Engineersshall hold paramount the safety, health
  and welfare of the public.
• Fundamental canon 1.