Roman World Takes Shape

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I. Geography

• A. Rome began as a small city-state in Italy but
  ended up ruling the entire Mediterranean world.

B. Its location allowed for good TRADE
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II. The Roman Republic

• A. Romans hated monarchy (rule by a king)
• B. In 509 BCE- the Roman Republic is established.
• Republic- govt leaders are
• elected
• C. Two main social classes
• 1. Patricians
• 2. Plebeians

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Post it Note Parking Lot

• On your post it note, write one thing that is
  similar between Rome and a modern country (1
  min).
• Ex Polytheistic like Hinduism
• Find a big piece of paper on a classroom wall and
  put your post it note there (1 min).

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• D. Powers are shared
• 1. Senate- Patricians only
• 2. Consuls- Every year, Senators elected two
  consuls to supervise the government and command
  the armies.
• 3. Dictator- elected by the Senate for war
• - six month time limit

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• E. Plebeians demand equality
• 1. Tribunes could veto laws
• 2. Laws of the Twelve Tables (450BCE)
• allowed plebeians to appeal a judgment by
• a patrician judge

- all citizens are innocent until proven
guilty - all citizens are equal under the law -
helped shape Western legal systems
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Who are these two boys?
The Capitoline she-wolf. Museo Nuovo in the
Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome.
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Punic Wars Reading

• 1. Why is it called the Punic Wars?
• 2. Why was Rome in conflict with Carthage?
• 3.Describe Hamilcar Barca.
• 4. Describe the Punic Wars.
• 5. What was the result of the Punic Wars?

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III. The Punic Wars

• Rome vs. Carthage over TRADE.
• Three Punic Wars Rome wins all!
• Rome won islands
• Hannibal brought elephants over the Alps to
  surprise the Romans. Rome still wins!
• Romans poured salt on Carthage.

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IV. Roman Expansion

• A. Roman Military
• 1. Legion- basic unit of the army 5,000
  men
• 2. The army was strong, well-disciplined,
  and loyal.
• 3. Conquered people were required to
• be loyal
• supply soldiers for the army
• pay taxes
• 4. Conquered people were allowed to
• keep their own culture and officials

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Note Break

• Go find someone elses post it note.
• Stick it in your notebook and draw a picture in
  your notes that represents the idea on your post
  it note.
• Ex

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V. The Roman Empire
Rome wasnt built in a day! A. 270 BCE- Rome
conquered the Italian Peninsula B. 44BCE-
Carthage, Greece, Spain, Gaul, parts of
Asia Minor
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Broath Clip

• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vgbpz_y0MIbY

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Do Now Caesar Reading- be able to answer these
questions

1. What happened when Caesar was captured by
   pirates?
2. How did Caesar gain notariety early in his
   career?
3. Why was Caesar assassinated?
4. Did he really say, Et tu? Brute?
5. 5. What did Gaius Octavian become?

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• C. Changes in govt
• In 48 BCE, Julius Caesar became dictator for
• life
• RESULT ENDED THE REPUBLIC!
• D. Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BCE on
  the Ides of March (March 15)

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• E. Augustus Octavian became dictator. Took title
  
• of emperor.
• RESULT THE EMPIRE BEGAN
• F. Augustus began the Pax Romana
• (Roman Peace) which lasted 200 years.

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VI. Roman Economy

• Expansion of the empire promoted trade
• Mediterranean was a liquid highway
• Army built roads
• All roads lead to Rome.
• D. Goods were imported from all over the empire.

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Crash Course- terms to write down in your notes
to focus on

• SPQR
• Aristocracy-
• Monarchy-
• Democracy-
• Cincinnatus-
• Domestic vs. foreign policy-
• Characteristics of empire diversity- expansion-
  , central power-

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VII. Decline of Rome

• A. Economic Problems
• 1. Cost of defending empire led to too high
  taxes over expansion
• 2. Inflation ( is not worth as much)
  and unemployment

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• B. Political Weakness
• 1. Government became corrupt and ineffective.
• C. Military Decline
• 1. No citizen army.
• 2. Hired mercenaries- paid soldiers that were
  less loyal than Roman citizens

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• D. Divided Empire
• 1. Emperor Diocletian divided the empire
• East- capital was Constantinople
• West- capital was Rome

Constantinople
Rome
DIOCLETIAN DIVIDE!
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• E. Foreign Invasions
• 1. Rome under constant attack by nomadic
  tribes
• - Attila the Hun
• - Odoacer ousted the emperor (476 CE)
• RESULT THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

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Solve Romes Problems

• For each problem
• 3 minutes role play
• 1 minute quiet think time
• 2 minutes discuss with group
• 4 minutes class discussion