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OBJECTIVESThe student will be able to

• Tell how the green industry is a vital partof
  the U.S.economyand everyday life.

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OBJECTIVESThe student will be able to

• Explain how the study of horticulture fits intoa
  university curriculum.

• List the principle subdivisions of horticulture
  science.
• List at least two careers a student could
  pursuein each subdivision.

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OBJECTIVESThe student will be able to

• Explain what a farm advisor or extension office
  is.

• Locate the address and Internet address of hisor
  her state extension service.
• Explain what is meant by horticulture therapy and
  explain which groups of people it can help.
• List three typical statements of ethical and
  professional conduct that apply to
  horticulturists.

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THE GREEN INDUSTRY

• Horticulture is the green industry.
• From the food you eat to parks landscaping, it
  improves the quality of the environment and your
  life through plants.
• The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the
  government organization that monitors measures
  the green industry.
• Garden plants, vegetables, flowers, potted
  plants, seedlings, cuttings, and other materials.
  
• Nursery crops for landscaping, Christmas trees,
  andfruit and nut plants.

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THE GREEN INDUSTRY

• Planting and maintaining plants are also part of
  the green industry.
• Workers might manage turfgrass on sports fields
  golf courses or design install landscapes in
  parks, schools, commercial sites, and individual
  yards.
• Work environments range from small landscaping
  businesses to huge garden centers.
• Sod farms, greenhouses, and nurseries hire people
  to produce greenery for landscaping work,
  especially in the newer field of greenscaping
• Landscaping maintenance firms employ people to
  mow, maintain equipment, spray for insects and
  diseases, andprune trees.

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THE GREEN INDUSTRY

• The horticulture industry is experiencing
  tremendous growth needs skilled, knowledgeable
  employees.
• According to Bureau of Labor Statistics
  projections, employment is expected to increase
  by about 22 this decade.
• Some of the most current employment opportunities
  and advances in the green industry are in
  genetics and biotechnology.
• Horticulturists use biotechnology to enhance
  desiredtraits or to minimize undesirable ones.

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CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Horticulture is classified as a science requiring
  basic knowledge of math, chemistry other
  sciences.
• Within the sciences, horticulture is an applied
  science, and the knowledge is used to achieve a
  specific goal.
• Such as increasing the yield of a vegetable or
  fruit.
• The correlating hard science for horticulture is
  botany.
• Botany deals with plant classification,
  biochemistry, anatomy, and such without direct
  regard to howthey affect a plants usefulness to
  humans.

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CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Horticultural crops require a large amount of
  inputs
• Fertilizer, pest control, care after harvest, and
  hand labor.
• More expensive to grow on a per-acre basis, and
  sell for more.

• Compare strawberries vs wheat.
• Strawberries are sold in baskets, and wheat in
  tons.
• Strawberries require hand harvesting, but wheat
  is mechanically harvested.
• After harvest, strawberries must be refrigerated,
  butwheat can be stored in silos.
• Strawberries keep only for a few days, but
  wheatcan be stored for years.

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CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• A person who studies horticulture narrows the
  field of study to prepare him/herself for a
  specific career.
• Some people are drawn to flowers. (floriculture)
• Others might prefer to work on a golf course.
  (turfgrass)
• People in green-industry jobs often are outdoors.
• Some activities can be strenuous or even
  dangerous.
• Time also can be spent indoors as well on record
  keeping, billing, scheduling, etc.
• Also in the case of indoor plants
  (interiorscapes), greenhouses, or lab research,
  most time will bespent indoors.

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Fruit Production
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Called pomology in horticulture, fruit production
  includes growing of tree fruits like apples
  citrus.
• A small fruits such as blueberries, grapes
  strawberries.
• Careers in this field 

• Orchard Supervisor Often specializes in one
  particular fruit, such as apples, and may either
  own his or her own land or work as a manager for
  a large fruit-growing company.
• An orchard supervisor is outside for much of the
  day supervising all aspects of growing including
  planting,training, pruning, pest and disease
  control harvesting.

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Fruit Production Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Berry Grower Strawberries, blackberries, and
  raspberries are particularly good crop choices
  for those who wish to run their own U-Pick farms.
  
• A person who likes to work with the public and
  also enjoys plants would be a good candidate to
  own a U-Pick farm.
• Grape Vineyard Supervisor (viticulturist) Produce
  stable grapes for fresh eating and especially
  wine grapes.
• A grape vineyard supervisor is in charge of
  planting, pruning, pest and disease control, and
  harvesting.

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Fruit Production Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Enologist (winemaker) Involves winemaking
  scienceand a thorough knowledge of grape
  cultivation.
• Works part-time in the laboratory to decide the
  best time to harvest, and outside during the
  growing and harvesting periods.
• A winemaker oversees crushing and pressing of the
  grapesand the fermentation, filtration,
  bottling, and aging of the wine.
• May supervise assistants, manage sales, arrange
  for advertising and marketing, and conduct winery
  tours.

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Vegetable Production
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Vegetable production, called olericulture covers
  the cultivation of vegetables, melons and
  rhubarb.
• Vegetable Grower or Vegetable Farm Manager
  Responsible for planting, scheduling, monitoring
  crop growth, supervising pest and disease
  control, and supervising harvest of one or more
  crops.
• Cannery Field Manager A liaison between canners
  and growers of the produce to be canned, such as
  tomatoes.
• Works with the contracted growers to make sure
  vegetables reach the quality standards required
  by the cannery.

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Vegetable Production Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Specialist Vegetable Producer Caters to
  restaurants that order small amounts of rare
  high-value gourmet foods.
• Can be combined with a roadside marketing
  business.
• Greenhouse Vegetable Producer A greenhouse
  vegetable producer must oversee all aspects of
  growing the crop from transplanting seedlings
  through harvest.
• Herb Grower Can either grow herbs for retail
  sale or produce crops to edible maturity for
  processing.
• Markets the herbs at farmers markets,
  restaurants,roadside stands, or fresh to large
  spice producers.
• Alternately, the grower can dry the herbs on site
  andmarket the dried product to wholesalers or
  retailers.

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Landscape Horticulture
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• The outdoor ornamental-plant facet of
  horticultureis called environmental horticulture
  or landscape horticulture.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Landscape Designer Develops a plan for the
  planted areas around homes and small commercial
  buildings.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Landscape Estimator Responsible for determining
  the cost of executing the design prepared by the
  landscape designer.
• Landscape Contractor A large-scale contractor
  will coordinate big landscaping projects such as
  business parks and housing projects.
• A small-scale landscape contractor may install
  and then maintain the landscapes only for
  individual homes.
• Retail Nursery Salesperson Assists customers in
  selecting the right plants to suit the growing
  conditions around their homes.
• The salesperson must be knowledgeable about
  theplants grown in that area and like to work
  with people.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Retail Nursery Owner Includes all
  responsibilities of a small business including
  customer service, bookkeeping, and plant
  maintenance.
• Mail-order Nursery Business Owner Propagates and
  grows plants before shipping them to customers.
• Can specialize in hard-to-find plants and market
  themthrough catalogs or on the Internet.
• Landscape Installation Supervisor Oversees
  planting of a landscape including walkways,
  walls, fences, patios, decks, and irrigation.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Nursery Production Supervisor Oversees the full
  range of production of shrubs or trees
  (greenhouse propagation, potting, field planting,
  digging, and sale preparation).
• Nursery Crew Supervisor Oversees a small group
  of workers who are responsible for one of the
  aspects of production stated under Nursery
  Production Supervisor.
• Inventory Controller Supervises quality control
  of the plants produced in a large nursery, works
  with customers and the nursery production
  supervisor to make sure that the plants requested
  are available from the nursery.
• Nursery Shipping Manager Coordinates inventory,
  packing, and transportation schedules for
  plantsproduced by a large nursery.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Grounds Maintenance Supervisor Supervises the
  crew performing such activities as pruning,
  irrigation, planting, cleaning, spraying, and
  fertilizing.
• Park or Zoo Landscape Supervisor Responsible for
  overseeing maintenance of all landscaping of the
  area including scheduling maintenance,
  supervising maintenance workers.
• Irrigation Specialist Careers in irrigation
  include selling irrigation equipment, designing
  irrigation systems for wholesale nurseries or
  landscapes, and installingirrigation systems.

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Landscape Horticulture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Horticultural Garden, Botanical Garden, or
  Arboretum Supervisor Responsible for overseeing
  the day-to-day operations of the garden
• Planning seasonal displays Giving talks and
  tours to the public.
• Maintaining records and plant samples budgeting,
  personnel, fund-raising, etc.

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Arboriculture
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Arboriculture literally means tree growing.
• Includes large-scale forestry for commercial
  purposes, and urban forestry, a subcategory of
  landscape horticulture.
• Health and maintenance of trees in inhabited
  environments such as cities and suburbs.
• Recent research has shown beneficial
  psychological when trees are planted in
  inner-city environments.
• In addition, trees in urban situations decrease
  air pollution, notably of particulates and reduce
  summer coolingcosts for air conditioning.

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Arboriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Arborist Can be university-trained in landscape
  horticulture with a specialization in
  arboriculture orreceive on-the-job training with
  a certified arborist.

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Arboriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Christmas Tree Grower Christmas trees requires a
  time labor investment of 5 years or more before
  the first profits are made.
• A person interested in growing Christmas trees
  should seek land which can be leased long-term,
  or is inexpensive to buy.
• Tree Nursery Owner A tree nursery owner who
  produces bare-root plants usually is the owner of
  a fruit tree or landscape tree nursery for
  deciduous species.
• Plants are propagated from seed and also may be
  grafted.
• The plants are field-grown for several years to
  salable size.
• Sale can be through mail order, or to garden
  centersor retail nurseries.

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Arboriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Arboretum Supervisor Must have a thorough
  knowledge of tree species and their propagation
  and care.
• He/she must also have strong interpersonal skills
  and beable to work cooperatively with staff,
  workers, volunteers,and the public.

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Turfgrass
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• The branch of horticulture dealing with lawns.
• Careers in turfgrass management have expanded
  greatly in the past 10 years due to
• The expansion of professional personal sports
  that use turf as a playing surface.
• The increasing number of homeowners opting for
  professional lawn care services.
• City and suburban park sites with large grassy
  areas
• School grounds, cemeteries, and school athletic
  fields.

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Turfgrass
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Many colleges universities now offer 2-year
  certificate programs in turfgrass management.
• Employment opportunities after graduation are
  excellent.

• Courses students take in a turf program
• The basic plant sciences.
• Record keeping, computers, and personnel
  management to prepare for managerial positions.
• On-the-job training with potential employers.

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Turfgrass Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Grass Seed Producer Oversees production of seed
  in the field including growing, pest control,
  harvesting, cleaning, packaging, and marketing.
• Golf Course, Cemetery, or Park Superintendent
  (also called Greenskeeper) Responsible for
  supervising maintenance arranging for repair of
  maintenance equipment giving professional
  advice, opinions, assistance, and services to the
  board of directors or managing body and
  participating in all long-range planning
  meetings.
• There are many job opportunities in this field
  for trained personnel because of the expansion in
  the numberof golf courses throughout the country.

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Turfgrass Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Sod Producer Grows high-quality sod of various
  grass varieties from seed. Production involves
  watering, mowing, disease and pest control, and
  harvesting.

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Turfgrass Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Lawn Maintenance Service Owner Supervises
  crewsto maintain turf areas in an attractive,
  healthy condition for homeowners or commercial
  businesses.
• A lawn maintenance specialist visits to supervise
  mowingand monitor plant health, decide on
  pesticide application, recommend fertilizers, and
  oversee other maintenance.
• Sports Field Manager Maintains the high-quality
  turf essential in professional sports arenas.

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Floriculture
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• The production and sale of field-grown flowers
  for cutting or greenhouse-grown flowers and
  plants isa branch of horticulture known as
  floriculture.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Floriculturists can work in wholesale or retail,
  in greenhouses, or in outdoor field flower
  production.
• Much of the wholesale growers output reaches
  thepublic through retail florists.
• Some indoor plant shops expand into plant rental
  businesses and employ people to care for
  leasedplants in offices and hotels.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Bulb Producer Bulbs are grown, outdoors in the
  ground, to the size at which they will produce
  flowers.
• Marketed in the fall by mail or through retail
  outlets.
• Some bulbs may be pre-grown in containers and
  marketedat near-blooming stage in the spring.
• Rose Grower As roses are the most popular flower
  in North America, there are horticulturists who
  specialize in only this flower.
• Dried-flower Producer These professionals
  field-grow the crops dry them at the peak of
  bloom in drying sheds
• The dried product is marketed to floral shops,
  gift andcraft stores, or other outlets.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Foliage Plant Producer Supervises reproduction
  of the plants on-site and then grows them in the
  greenhouse before they are shipped throughout the
  country for sale.
• Often located in a warm-weather areas like
  Florida California.
• Foliage Plant Maintenance Visits client
  businesses (malls, offices, businesses, or homes)
  to water, prune, clean, and check for disease and
  insect infestation.
• Interior Landscaper (interiorscaper) Will decide
  on the placement lighting for plants in a
  building as well as plan an irrigation system and
  decide which plants will be used.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Florist Plant Producer Owns or works as a grower
  in a greenhouse specializing in florist plants
  associated with holidays and gifts.
• Must monitor greenhouse operation, schedule
  production, monitor plant health, arrange
  shipping of the crop to market.
• Retail Florist Purchase, store, and arrange
  flowers for many occasions such as weddings,
  funerals, and parties.
• Flower Buyer Works for retail clients who
  contract services to select flowers of high
  quality ensure that a continual supply of
  flowers is available to the retail florist.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Floral Supply Wholesaler Orders supplies
  equipment needed in a retail floral store from
  the manufacturer resells to retail florists
• Vases, wire, preservative chemicals, and baskets.
• Also bulk quantities of cut flowers to florists.
• Floral Designer Works making flower
  arrangements, wedding bouquets, funeral casket
  sprays, and other specialty arrangements.

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Floricultural Marketing Specialist Promotes
  flowersto the public, develops marketing
  campaigns, addresses grower meetings regarding
  public requirements for floral crops, and
  coordinate advertising.
• The American Florists Marketing Council (AFMC)
• The Society of American Florists (SAF)
• Florists Transworld Delivery (FTD)
• The American Institute of Floral Design (AIFD)
• Other flower-marketing organizations

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Floriculture Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Foliage Plant Developer Seeks out new and
  unusual plants to increase the range of foliage
  plants available to the consumer.
• Often involves finding little-known or mutated
  plants that display different color from the
  usual.
• The new plant is patented reproduced by a
  specific grower.
• Grower Liaison Consults with contracted growers
  about best horticultural practices, harvest-date
  projections, and quality assurance.
• Must be able to work in a team-based environment.

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Propagation
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• These professions supply the horticulture
  industry with seed and small plants,
• Growers plant to these to produce a marketable
  horticultural crop such as a fruit tree or tomato.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Propagator Responsible for reproducing all the
  plants needed for growing into salable size ones
  that will be made available to the public or
  wholesaled.
• Propagator-grafter Joins together two closely
  related plants to create a new grafted plant
  with the best characteristics of each.
• Contracted Seed Grower Multiplies the limited
  amount of seed provided by the seed breeder or
  seed company into a quantity large enough for
  commercial sale.
• The seed that the seed grower harvests generally
  is soldback to the breeder from which the
  original genetic materialwas obtained or to a
  seed distributor specified by thecompany that
  supplied him or her with the seed.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Field Supervisor Works with contracted growers
  advises them on how to ensure quality of the
  crop, reports on expected yield, and arranges for
  delivery of the seed to the processing plant.
• Field Staff Contracts with growers to produce
  the seedof the new cultivars, monitors growing,
  advises growers about growing techniques, and
  monitors to some extent the quality and quantity
  of seed that is produced.
• Warehouse Staff Takes delivery of the seed
  producedby contracted growers, cleans it, treats
  it with chemicalsif necessary, packages it, and
  organizes it within the warehouse.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Seed Processor Monitors oversees seed drying,
  cleaning, packaging, and shipment for a large
  commercial seed company.
• Stock Seed Controller/Seed Analyst Works in the
  field to maintain the purity of the produced seed
  in regard tothe quality of plants that grow from
  it.
• Removes mutated plants in the field, and any seed
  stockwhose quality has begun to deteriorate.
• Maintains the breeding plant stocks for the
  breeder.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Seed Analyst Works in a laboratory checking the
  purity and percentage of seeds that will
  germinate from a given seed sample.
• Seed Salesperson (wholesale) Visits growers to
  advise them of the newest cultivars available.
• Discusses the merits of new cultivars, takes
  orders for supplies of seed to be used in
  production, and arranges for delivery of the seed
  from the warehouse.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Transplant Producer Germinates seeds produced
  bythe seed grower and grows them to an adequate
  size for transplanting into the field or into a
  greenhouse.
• A hands-on job involving planting, watering,
  fertilizing, and otherwise caring for very large
  numbers of plants in themost vulnerable stage in
  their development.
• Tissue Culture Lab Technician Works in the labs
  that specialize in propagating plants by this
  method.
• Independent Seed Producer A small business to
  produce retail limited quantities of
  hard-to-obtain plants such as obscure flowers and
  antique vegetable varieties.
• Sales are to the public, normally online.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Breeder In charge of developing new cultivars
  that are in demand by growers.
• A breeder designs breeding programs, evaluates
  results, does statistical analysis of the
  crossings decides which cultivarsto make
  available for commercial growing.

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Propagation Careers
CHOOSING A CAREER IN HORTICULTURE

• Assistant Plant Breeder Works with the breeder
  to develop new plants for commercial use.

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EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Horticulture works in conjunction with several
  essential allied fields in the following list.
• All horticulture students take courses in these
  fields as part of their curriculum and can obtain
  employment in these allied fields with proper
  preparation.

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Entomology
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Entomology is the study of insects and related
  pests
• Not necessarily pests of horticultural crops.

• Careers in this field
• Pesticide Advisor A licensed professional who
  advises growers of the appropriate chemicals
  practices to control their pest and disease
  problems.
• Plant Inspector Responsible for determining that
  plants are disease- and insect-free before they
  are permitted to enter certain countries or
  states.
• Public Relations Specialists People with
  trainingin horticulture to answer all questions
  regardingproducts a company markets or
  manufactures.

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Soil Science
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Soil science deals with the drainage and
  nutritional content of soils among other topics.
• Soil Scientist Works with farmers to ensure
  optimal plant growth while maintaining soil
  health.
• Will provide information and recommendations to
  growers regarding practices to avoid or correct
  problems such as erosion or soil-quality
  reduction.
• Nutritional Specialist Works in a lab to
  determine cause remedy for plants suspected of
  nutrient disorders.
• Involves mainly lab work with some visits to
  growing sites.

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Soil Science
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Irrigation Specialist Works with an irrigation
  supply company and then with growers of small
  fruits, tree fruits, vegetables, or other
  horticultural crops.

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Plant Pathology
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Plant pathology is the study of plant diseases.
• Plant Pathologist Specializes in plant diseases
  that affect horticultural crops.
• Diagnoses conditions, recommends pesticides.
• Does research on diseases of horticultural
  plants.
• Works with plant breeders, growers, and insect
  and weed specialists to develop integrated,
  environmentally sound approaches to managing
  plant diseases.
• Commercial Pesticide Advisor Diagnoses and
  recommends treatments and control programs
  forplant diseases.

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Weed Control
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Weed control is essential in horticulture
  businesses producing vegetables, fruits, or
  ornamental plants.
• Uncontrolled weeds cause more crop loss in terms
  of reduced productivity than either insects or
  diseases.
• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Specialist
  Integrates knowledge of weed control, disease,
  andinsect problems to ensure overall plant
  health.

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Media Careers
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Plant Photographer Produces photos seen in
  gardening magazines, on seed packets, in
  catalogs, and in books.
• Plant Illustrator Produces drawings for photos
  or books, catalogs, plant care tags, and
  magazines.
• Horticultural Writer Manufacturers employ
  horticulturists to develop packaging, write
  advertising market products.
• Growers who publish annual catalogs employ
  horticulturiststo write plant descriptions,
  evaluate plant photos, design the catalog, and
  supervise its printing.
• A horticultural writer for a newspaper,
  home-oriented or gardening magazine will follow
  leads for new uniquestories, arrange for
  photography, and coordinate withthe editor for
  publication of the pieces.

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Government Careers
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• The U.S. Department of Agriculture
  international aid organizations have positions
  for horticulturists in teaching, research,
  inspection, advising, and other fields.

Figure 1-8 A government plant inspector checks a
shipment of orchids for pests.Photo courtesy of
Keelung Branch, Bureau of Animal and Plant Health
Inspectionand Quarantine, Taiwan, Republic of
China.
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Government Careers
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Cooperative Extension Specialist Answers grower
  questions on production, diagnoses problems,
  provides publications on plant growing, refers
  growers to sources of information, and gives
  talks to growers.
• Pest Control Advisor (PCA) A diagnostician of
  plant problems for crops such as flowers,
  vegetables, or turf.
• Lab work with diseased plants will be involved,
  as well as occasional on-site visits to see the
  plants affected.
• International Horticulturist Works abroad in
  advising or supervising production of vegetables,
  fruits, or flowers for export.

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Government Careers
EMPLOYMENT IN ALLIED FIELDS

• Laboratory Technician Works in a large business
  or university supporting the work of a researcher.

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So Why Consider a Job in Horticulture?

• Always changing
• Can work inside , outside, or both
• Fulfills a need to help others, make others feel
  better, or could even make you feel better while
  working!

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RECREATIONAL HORTICULTURE

• Two aspects of horticulture emphasize the
  emotional and recreational value of workingwith
  plants
• Horticulture therapy and home horticulture.

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Horticulture Therapy
RECREATIONAL HORTICULTURE

• The value of horticulture as therapy for those
  with physical, intellectual, or emotional
  disabilities has been recognized for many years.
• People with disabilities can participate in some
  horticultural activity because of the many
  sensesinvolved when growing a plant.
• A blooming flower can be appreciated by sight by
  many, through touch by others, through smell by
  nearly all.
• The elderly those of limited mobility can find
  pleasure and gratification of accomplishment in
  working with plants.
• The incarcerated can produce their own foodor
  grow plants for sale

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Home Horticulture
RECREATIONAL HORTICULTURE

• As a recreational activity, horticulture is the
  nations most popular pastime.
• Working with soil and plants to produce
  home-grown vegetables, lush houseplants, or a
  beautiful landscapeis the hobby of millions of
  people.
• Balcony gardens flourish in the cities,
  dispelling thenotion that gardening is a
  suburban or farm activity.

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PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS/ORGANIZATIONS

• Remaining a competent professional involves
  keeping current with changes in the field
  inwhich one works.
• Professional organizations.
• Courses to update skills.
• Professional publications whose aim is the
  dissemination of the most up-to-date information
  in that specific field.
• Participation in professional meetings and
  conferencesto keep up with current research and
  techniques.

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Professional Ethics in The Field of Horticulture
PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS/ORGANIZATIONS

• An ethical framework that governs the
  individuals daily conduct of his/her
  professional life is an essential foundation.
• Ethical issues address the way things should
  be.
• Rather than the way things actually are.

• Ethics involve discussions of moral obligations,
  and an individuals feelings of right and
  wrong.
• They do not necessarily depend on religious
  beliefsas a foundation.
• Two current ethical issues under discussion are
  genetically modified food plants and employment
  treatment of migrant workers.

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PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE
The complete Code of Ethics and Code of
Conductare on page 14 of your textbook.
Figure 1-10 Ethical standards of LANTA. Landscape
Alberta Nursery Trades Association.
65
The Natural Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• A belief that nature is inherently valuable in,
  and of itself, regardless of its relation to
  human beings.
• Although the perception of this value is
  obviously human.

• Another way of saying this
• All objects in nature are valuable simply by
  their existence, independent of their utility or
  benefits to humans.
• The welfare of nature is given priority in
  ethical decisions, even to the detriment of
  humanity, which is regarded as only one part of
  nature.

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The Natural Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• Some of many examples of ethical standards and
  conduct incorporated into daily life of a
  horticulturist
• Respecting the rights of his or her customers and
  others with whom business is transacted.
• Refraining from publicly condemning, criticizing,
  or devaluing another horticulturists work or
  reputation.
• Ensuring that every customer is notified in
  writing of the charges will be for all work
  carried out.
• Making certain the customer accepts these
  chargesbefore he/she becomes liable for payment.
• Maintaining professional competence by
  keepingabreast of new information and
  developments.

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The Natural Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• Some of many examples of ethical standards and
  conduct incorporated into daily life of a
  horticulturist

• Recognizing ones responsibility to the community
  and the environment in protecting each from
  exposure to actual or potential hazards.

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The Natural Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• Philosophical questions can deal with the
  balancein crop production as it relates to

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Natural Capital
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• Natural capital is the part of the Earth that
  will give valuable products or services in the
  future.
• Also recycling, water conservation, and erosion
  control.
• The question to ask
• Will the production techniques used to grow the
  crop preserve natural capital or deplete it?

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Compare Contrast

• Look up
• Utilitarian Approach
• The Rights Approach
• The Common Good Approach
• Compare and contrast them which one benefits one
  person, which one benefits most people, which one
  sounds the best, which two are similar, what
  makes them different .

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The Utilitarian Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• A problem must be analyzed from several different
  perspectives, and the solution must favor the
  greatest good.

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The Rights Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• Based on the belief that humans have the rightto
  choose paths that affect their destinies.
• And that they are justified in expecting that
  their rights (such as the right to privacy, to
  truth, to freedom from injury, and the like)
  should be respected.

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The Common Good Approach
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN HORTICULTURE

• The common good approach states that ethical
  actions are those that benefit all members of the
  community.

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• END OFCHAPTER

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Assignment

• Study 8 new plants
• Complete questions in book page 15 (1 thru 7 )
• Complete Worksheet.
• Quiz over plants, and chapter one (which includes
  vocab.) next time.