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B2B EC and SCM: Supply Chain Management ????????

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Title: B2B EC and SCM: Supply Chain Management ????????


1
B2B EC andSCM Supply Chain Management ????????
6
  • ??????.?????
  • ???
  • mailto ckfarn_at_mgt.ncu.edu.tw
  • http//www.mgt.ncu.edu.tw/ckfarn
  • 2008.08 updated

2
B2B EC ?????
  • ?????????
  • ??????????
  • ??????????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ??????????
  • ???????????

3
??????
??? ??
?? ??? ?? ??
?????
?????
??
????
??? ????
????
????
????
4
???????
TSMC
??
??
Intel
??
??
??
??
????
??
??
5
??????????
  • IT????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ?????????,????????

6
???????????
  • ??????????
  • Disintermediation vs. Reintermediation
  • ??????????????
  • ???????

7
???????
  • ??
  • ????
  • ??????
  • ???
  • ???????

????!
8
????-???????????
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ?????
  • ????????
  • ??????
  • ??????(??????)

9
??????
??????
10
????????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ?????????
  • ??????????
  • ????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????????
  • ???????

11
?????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????????
  • ??/???
  • ???????
  • ???????????

12
??? Visibility
  • ????????
  • ??????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ??????
  • ???????,??
  • Focal?????
  • Supplier???
  • ???????

13
???????????
  • Coupling OR uncoupling?
  • ??????????
  • ??????????????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????,?????????
  • ?????ltgt?????
  • ?????ltgt????

14
????????????
????
??? ???
????? A ????? (MRO) B ???? eProcurement
????? C ???? D ????
????
MRO Maintenance, Repair and Operations
15
????
?????
?? ?? ??
?? ??
?? ?? ??????
????
??????
??
16
?????????
?????
????
?????
17
?????????
??? ????
?? ???????????? ??????????
??? ???? ????
???? ? ?
?????? ? ?
??? ?? ??
18
????
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ?????
  • ??????????
  • ????
  • Dynamic pricing
  • ?????

19
Marketplaces Direction of trade
??






??
20
?????? eMarkets
  • ?????????????
  • Private market, private hub
  • ?????
  • ?????
  • Public exchange

21
????2
  • ??????
  • ?? General Electric, Target
  • ??????
  • ?????????
  • ??????????????
  • ???
  • ???????
  • ??????

22
???????
?
??
?
?
?
????
??
??
  • ??????

23
????
?????
???? ????
?
????
????
???
?
?
?
????
24
???????????
  • ?????? Virtual Hierarchy
  • ???????????
  • ???????????

25
?????
?????????
?????????
26
???? The Bullwhip Effect
????
27
??????
  • ??????????
  • POS?????
  • ????
  • ?????
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ???????????
  • Cross Docking
  • ????
  • VMI Vendor Managed Inventory

28
???????
Manufacturer
orders
Distributor
sell-through
Store
Store
Store
29
?????????1
  • ????
  • ???????????????????
  • ????
  • ??

Supplier
Focal
Buyer
30
?????????2
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ????????????
  • ??????
  • ??????????????

Supplier
Focal
Buyer
31
??????
  • ??
  • ??????????????
  • ??????
  • ?????????????
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ???????

32
?????????????
  • Order-based operation
  • Vendor-managed inventory (VMI)

Buyer
Planning Inventory mgmt Purchase
order Reception Warehousing
Seller
Inventory mgmt Warehousing Sales
order Delivery Planning
Buyer
Planning Inventory mgmt Purchase
order Reception Warehousing
Seller
Planning Inventory mgmt Warehousing Sales
order Delivery
33
???????
  • ???? e-Procurement
  • ?????????????????
  • ???? e-Forecast
  • ???? e-Logistics
  • ?????????
  • ???? e-Design collaboration
  • ???? e-Quality
  • ???? e-Billing, e-Payment, e-Financing
  • ??????,????????????

34
?????
  • ???????,??????
  • ????????--?????
  • ??
  • ??????(?????)
  • ?????,??????,?????
  • ???????
  • ????????

35
???????
  • ???????
  • ?????????
  • ???????
  • Track and trace
  • ????????

36
???????
  • ?????
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ?????

37
????
  • ?????????????
  • ????????
  • ???????????,??????
  • ??90?,10???????
  • ?????25?,10??????????????

38
?????
  • ???????so what?
  • ???????????????????
  • ??????
  • ????????Conditional Probability
  • ?????????
  • ???????????

39
????
  • ??????????
  • ???? store-and-forward
  • ???????
  • ???? value-added-logistics
  • ?????????????
  • ?????????????? 3PL

40
?????
  • ???? LSP
  • Logistics service provider
  • ?????? 3PL
  • 3rd party logistics
  • ????????????
  • ?????? 4PL
  • 4th party logistics
  • ?????????

41
????Design collaboration
  • ?????????
  • ??time to market, time to volume
  • ????????
  • PDM
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ECN,
  • ??????????

42
????????
  • PLM Product Life-cycle Management
  • ????????
  • PDM Product Data Management
  • ??????
  • ?????????
  • ????? CAD Computer Aided Design

43
????????
  • ??
  • ???????
  • ??????????????????
  • ???BOM????BOM??
  • ??SOP
  • ???????????????
  • ECN??????
  • ????
  • ????

44
???????????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ??

45
????
  • ????QC ?????QA
  • ??????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????,???????
  • ???????

46
????????
  • ??
  • ???????
  • ???????????????
  • ???????
  • ???????
  • ???
  • ???????????????
  • ???????????
  • ???????????????
  • ???????????????????

47
????????2
  • ????????
  • ?????,???????
  • ?????,?A7???????????????????,?????

48
?????????
  • ?????????????
  • ???????????
  • ?????,???,???????
  • ??ERP?????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????
  • ????--????--??/??
  • ???????????????????
  • ?????????????

49
???????
  • 1999?,?????IAeB(???????????)??
  • ???????
  • ???AB???CDE??
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????????????????
  • ????????????

50
A?B?C?D?E?????
??? ??? ?????? ????
??? ?? ?? ???
A??
B??
C??
D??

?
E??

51
??????
  • B2B ????
  • ???????B2Bi
  • ??????RosettaNet(??? http//www.rosettanet.org)
  • CPFR
  • ???????????????

52
????B2B ???(IOS)
  • ????(Focal)?????
  • ???ERP?????
  • ???SCM EC server (?? / ??)
  • Focal??????????
  • Web-based
  • Information Exchange
  • Process integration
  • ??????????????????
  • ???????

53
???????-Focal(1)
ERP Server
EC Server
XML??
ERP
54
???????-Focal(2)
55
?????????-??(1)
ERP/MIS
ERP
Browser
56
?????Process Integration??
???
Rosettanet/XML
Focal
ERP
XML
EC Server (Enterprise Ver.)
EC Server (Standard Ver.)
Internet
ERP
XML
RosettaNet PIPs
57
??????????
58
????
  • ??
  • ???????
  • ????????
  • ??
  • ??????(?????????)?????,????(????????????)
  • ??????
  • ??
  • ???????????
  • ????Process integration

59
??????
  • ??????????(??,????)
  • ????????(???)???(?ftp, e-mail)
  • EDI
  • ?????????
  • ???????
  • ????UN/EDIFACT?
  • EOI- EDI over Internet
  • HTML (??)
  • XML
  • ????(?RosettaNet, ebXML)

60
???????(Markup Language)
  • Markup is a method of conveying metadata (that
    is, information about a dataset).
  • Markup Language use string literals, or tags,
    to delimit and describe this data.
  • ??????????????
  • printer typesetting, proofreader, punctuation,
    ASCII, C, RTF

61
Example HTML Document
ltHTMLgt ltH1 ALIGNCENTERgt??lt/H1gt ltFONT FACE
size2gt???lt/FONTgt ltFONT FACE size2gt??lt/FONTgt ltFON
T FACE size2gt????lt/FONTgt ltFONT FACE
size2gt???lt/FONTgt
62
Example XML Document
extended data tags
lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"Big5" ?gt lt????gt
lt??gt??????????,??? 2 ?lt/??gt lt??gt
lt??gt12478943lt/??gt lt??gtIBM 240lt/??gt
lt??gt58,455lt/??gt lt??? ??"http/www.ibm.com.t
w/product/nb/tp240"gtThinkPad 240lt/???gt
lt/??gt lt??gt lt??gt83424723lt/??gt lt??gtDell
A123lt/??gt lt??gt58,999lt/??gt lt???
??"http//www.dell.com.tw/product/nb/a123"gtNB
A123lt/???gt lt/??gt lt/????gt
63
XML???
  • ???? open, platform-independent
  • Vocabulary ???Application Domain ??tag
  • An XML vocabulary is a description of XML data
    that is used as the medium for information
    exchange, often within a specific domain of human
    activity(business, chemistry, law, music, for
    example)
  • Program Readable
  • ?XML is not a programming language, nor an
    object-based system, nor an operating system. It
    is a powerful, elegant technique for thinking
    about, exchanging, and presenting data in a
    platform-independent manner.

64
XML????
  • XML???????????
  • HTML Interpreter ? XML Parser
  • XML?Hypertext????Application??
  • Application Software ? Browser Software
  • XML???????,???????????

65
Client Side of Web-XML
Browser
URL
Application
Parser
Present-ation Module
Valid- ater
Document Handler
XML File
HTTP Server
66
RosettaNet
  • RosettaNet is a consortium of major Information
    Technology, Electronic Components and
    Semiconductor Manufacturing companies working to
    create and implement industry-wide, open
    e-business process standards.
  • Cluster 0 RosettaNet Support
  • Provides administrative functionality
  • Cluster 1 Partner, Product and Service Review
  • Allows information collection, maintenance and
    distribution for the development of
    trading-partner profiles and product-information
    subscriptions

67
RosettaNet
  • Cluster 2 Product Information
  • Enables distribution and periodic update of
    product and detailed design information,
    including product change notices and product
    technical specifications
  • Cluster 3 Order Management
  • Lets partners order catalog products, create
    custom solutions, manage distribution and
    deliveries, and support product returns and
    financial transactions
  • Cluster 4 Inventory Management
  • Enables inventory management, including
    collaboration, replenishment, price protection,
    reporting and allocation of constrained product

68
RosettaNet
  • Cluster 5 Marketing Information Management
  • Enables communication of marketing information,
    including campaign plans, lead information and
    design registration
  • Cluster 6 Service and Support
  • Provides post-sales technical support, service
    warranty and asset management capabilities
  • Cluster 7 Manufacturing
  • Enables the exchange of design, configuration,
    process, quality and other manufacturing floor
    information to support the "Virtual
    Manufacturing" environment

69
RosettaNet PIP
  • Partner Interface Process (PIP)
  • message guidelines and XML DTD's (Document type
    definition).
  • Understand what the PIP number represents.
  • A PIP number has 3 parts  a number a letter
    another number.  Example 3A4
  • The first number represents the Cluster.   PIP
    3A4 is in Cluster 3.
  • The letter represents the Segment.  PIP 3A4 is in
    Segment A of Cluster 3.
  • The second number is a sequential number which
    completes the PIP number.  PIP 3A4 is the 4th PIP
    in Segment A of Cluster 3.

70
RosettaNet 3A4 PIP
71
RosettaNet 3A4 PIP
RN 3A4
72
ebXML
  • ?????????????
  • ?XML???
  • ?????EDI??????
  • ?????
  • ???????????? repository
  • ???????????

73
ebXML Repository
74
????????????
  • QR Quick Response
  • 1984, ??????
  • ????????
  • ???????????
  • ECR Efficient Consumer Response
  • 1992, ???,??QR ??
  • ?????????
  • VMI/SMI
  • CPFR Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and
    Replenishment

75
CPFR ??????????
  • 1990??, Wal-Mart ? Warner-Lambert ?????
  • ????? VICS (Voluntary Interindustry Commerce
    Standards ) ??CPFR??
  • ??
  • ????
  • ????
  • ?????

Develop front-end agreement
Create joint business plan
Create sales forecast
Identify and resolve exceptions
Create order forecast
Identify and resolve exceptions
Order generation
Source www.cpfr.org
76
CPFR Business model
Source www.cpfr.org
77
??????
  • ??????
  • ???????
  • ??
  • ???????
  • ??
  • ???????????
  • ?????
  • ???????????

78
???????
79
?????
using point-of-sales data to rapidly update
forecasts for new products
sharing of planning information
automatic monitoring of sales, shared exception
alerts
Sales
using the suppliers forecast
Time
80
???????????--?????????
81
????
  • ?????????
  • ????
  • ??
  • ??
  • ??
  • ??
  • ???????

??????????
? ? ?
82
?????????
  • ????
  • ?????????????
  • ???????,?????
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????
  • ???????,?????????
  • ??????
  • ????

???
83
???????
  • ???? OEM/CM
  • ????????? (per contract)
  • ??
  • ???????????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????????

????
84
????
  • OEM
  • ????????????
  • ODM
  • ????
  • ????????,?CM??
  • CDM
  • ?????
  • ?????????

85
OEM?????
????HP
86
ODM???????
????HP
87
ODM???????
????HP
88
CDM?????
????HP
89
CDM???
  • Collaborative Design and Manufacturing
  • ???????
  • ???????????????
  • ????sourcing
  • ?OEM???
  • ??????
  • ????????--??????

90
???????(???)
??
CM
???
CM
CM
CM
CM Contract Manufacturer
91
?????????????
????
?? ??
???
???
??? ??
???
92
????Design collaboration
  • ???
  • ?????
  • ????????
  • PDM
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ??????
  • ECN,
  • ??????????

93
??????????
  • ??????Online design collaboration
  • ??????-Collaborative sourcing
  • ????????-Co-developing core technology
  • ERP integration
  • Design for X(DFX)

94
???????DFX
  • Design for X
  • eXcellence
  • Manufacturability
  • Maintainability
  • Quality
  • Reliability
  • Logistics
  • Disposal
  • Environment
  • ???,??????????

95
??????
  • ????
  • Part sourcing
  • Design Specification/BOM
  • Design diagrams
  • Engineering change
  • Customer requests
  • ?????
  • On Line Collaboration
  • Design Process/Control
  • Diagrams Mgt./Documents Mgt.
  • ????

96
????
  • ????
  • Lower product costs throughout the total life
    cycle
  • Better product quality
  • Shorter time-to-market
  • ????
  • Early Involvement
  • Joint Decision Making
  • Relationship Improvement
  • ????
  • Innovation Quality
  • Innovation Numbers
  • Access to New Technology Complementary Skills

97
????
  • ????????,????
  • ??????(??????????),??????
  • ???????????
  • ???????,?????????
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