Protists

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Protists
Protists
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Kingdom Protista

• 3 general categories
• Animal-like protists
• Plant-like protists
• Fungus-like protists

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Animal-like protists

• 4 Phyla
• Ciliophora
• Zoomastigina
• Sarcodina

• Sporozoa

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Protist Rock
CD- 6
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Phylum Ciliophora

• All have cilia
• ciliates
• Ex. Paramecium

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Obtaining food

• Gullet
• Indentation on one side
• Cilia guide food

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• Food vacuoles
• Form at base of gullet
• Break off and are fused with lysosomes

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• Anal Pore
• Waste materials in vacuoles fuse to cell membrane
  and are released to the outside

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Water excretion-

• Contractile vacuole
• When filled, contracts and squeezes water out

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Phylum Zoomastigina

• All have flagella
• Flagellates
• Ex. Giardia

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Phylum Sporozoa

• Not mobile
• Reproduce using spores
• Ex. Plasmodium
• -causes malaria

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How Malaria works

• Mosquito bite injects spores
• Infects liver blood cells
• Lysed cells give off toxins
• Chills fever

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Phylum Sarcodina

• Move using pseudopod
• False Foot

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Pseudopod is used for endocytosis
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Group has

• Amoebas
• Heliozoans
• Radiolarians
• SiO2

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and Foraminifers

• White cliffs of Dover
• CaCO3

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Harmful relationships

• Trypanosoma
• African Sleeping sickness

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Trypanosoma-

• Destroys blood cells
• Infects tissue
• Causes fever chills rash
• Attacks nervous system

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Entamoeba

• Amebic dysentery

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Helpful relationships

• Trichonympha
• Protist in Termites
• Produce cellulase

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Plant-like Protists

• 5 Phyla-
• Euglenophyta
• Pyrrophyta
• Chrysophyta

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• Acrasiomycota
• Myxomycota

Slime Molds
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Phylum Euglenophyta

• Chloroplasts set them apart
• Ex. Euglena

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• Flagella present
• Can be a heterotroph

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• Red eyespot
• Light vs. Dark
• Why would you want this?

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Phylum Pyrrophyta

• Fire Protists
• luminescent
• Dinoflagellates

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• RED TIDE
• Accumulation of dinoflagellates

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• Toxins cause paralysis
• Swimming in it Ok
• Eating shell fish NO!
• -toxins build up over time

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Phylum Chrysophyta

• Golden Protists
• 3 classes

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• Yellow green algae
• Golden brown algae
• Diatoms

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Diatoms

• Most abundant class
• Look like glass
• Diatomaceous earth

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Slime Molds

• Organisms look amoeba like
• Organisms make mold masses and spores

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Phylum Acrasiomycota

• Cellular slime molds

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• Life begins like amoebaGroup together for food
  reproduction

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Phylum Myxomycota

• Acellular Slime Molds

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Plasmodia (not to be confused with plasmodium)
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plasmodia

• Contain thousands of nuclei in a single cell
• Produce spores
• Spores are flagellated

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Fuligo septicaDog vomit slime mold
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Harmful relationships

• Blooms
• -rapid growths with nutrients
• -massive die off

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• RED TIDE
• Accumulation of dinoflagellates

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Helpful relationships

• Corals dinoflagellates

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Giant Clams Dinoflagellates

• Tridacna gigas
• Using sunlight together

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Phytoplankton

• 70 of all earths photosynthesis is in the ocean
• Bottom of food chain