American Imperialism Turn of the Century (1900)

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American ImperialismTurn of the Century (1900)
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Imperialism Terms
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1. Imperialism
DOMINATION BY ONE COUNTRY OVER ANOTHER COUNTRYS
POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, CULTURAL LIFE
TERRITORY OWNED AND RULED BY ANOTHER COUNTRY
EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY
2. Colony
A NATION AND ITS RULER ARE UNDER THE PROTECTION
OF ANOTHER NATION (Which means the stronger
nation has a fair amount of control over the
weaker)
3. Protectorate
4. Sphere of Influence
AN AREA IN WHICH A STRONG COUNTRY GAINS SPECIAL
TRADING PRIVILEGES
5. Annexation
TO TAKE POSSESSION OF TO TAKE OVER
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Brief Review of Imperialism from a World
Perspective

• Old Imperialism (16th Century)
• Post Columbus, Europeans conquered the New World
• Partially possible because the Native Americans
• died from a lack of immunities to European
  diseases
• End of Old Imperialism
• Old Imperialism ended when New World Colonies
  fought for independence from Europe
• 1800s
• First New World Colony to get its independence?
• America- American Revolution

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Old Imperialism
1500s
Q- Why do we see this pattern?
A- primarily DISEASE!!!
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New Imperialism (19th Century)

• 100 years after the Europeans lost control of the
  New World they conquered the Old World
• Africa and Asia
• Largely due to the Industrial Revolution
• Quinine
• iron-hulled steam boats
• machine guns

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In the 19th Century, America had become a leading
Industrial Nation

• Would it join New Imperialism?
• Arguments for
• Play with the big boys
• brings wealth and power
• Arguments against
• America was founded as a rejection of Imperialism
• American Revolution anti-British Imperialism
• If we imperialize, arent we rejecting our
  ideals?
• Weve reached a natural border- the Pacific.
  Isnt this a good place to stop?

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Rationale Motivations for American Imperialism
(AKA) Why we imperialized and how we justified
it
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1. Protector of the Americas!
The U.S. acted as a policeman on the continents
of America

• Monroe Doctrine
• President Monroes foreign policy, warned
  Europeans not to get involved in the affairs of
  countries in the Western Hemisphere (Latin
  America)
• Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
• President Theodore Roosevelt added this to the
  Monroe Doctrine
• It supported U.S. intervention in the Western
  Hemisphere (Latin America)
• In theory, we would intervene in South America to
  help them (say, if an evil leader took over)
• In many cases, however, we used this as an excuse
  to intervene to support our own interests
• Manifest Destiny
• The belief that the U.S. was superior and had
  the right to expand in North America
• Once we reached the Pacific Ocean, Manifest
  Destiny still inspired the U.S. towards
  expansionism

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2. We must protect the American economy!

• Trade
• The U.S. needed new markets to trade with and
  resources to expand the growing industrial nation

3. Our military needs new bases to defend our
nation!

• Gain new land for military use and to show the
  military power of the U.S. to the rest of the
  world

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To spread American beliefs and Christianity to
uncivilized peoples
4. Ideological/Religious

• Moral Diplomacy
• moral responsibility to deny recognition to any
  oppressive, undemocratic, or anti-American
  government
• Started by President Wilson, applied to Western
  Hemisphere
• The White Mans Burden
• The belief that it is the white mans duty to
  civilize the world
• Protectorate
• to help or protect a new country become a
  democracy and in turn support the U.S.

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