U.S. History II

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U.S. History II

• Final Exam Review

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U.S. History II

• The following information is material that you
  may see on our Final Exam

• The Civil War
• Reconstruction
• Close of the Frontier
• Growth of Industry
• Progressive Era
• Imperialism
• Post WWI America/ 1920s

• The Great Depression/ New Deal
• WWII
• Cold War
• Civil Rights
• Modern Presidential Administrations
• Eisenhower- present
• Current Events

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Sectionalism

• During the early mid-1800s the North, South, and
  the West developed Economic and Cultural patterns
  
• The North
• Immigrant workers
• Factories
• Favored road and canal projects
• Opposed slave labor
• The South
• Farms/Large Plantations
• Opposed road and canal projects
• Slave Labor
• Opposed tariffs
• The West
• Favored territorial expansion
• Favored road and canal projects
• Divided on the issue of slavery
• Effects of Sectional differences
• Conflicts between North and South

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States Rights

• States should have more power than the Federal
  government
• Major issues should be decided by the states
  rather than the federal government

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The Civil War

• Causes
• Sectionalism
• Slavery
• Southern States secede from the Union after
  Lincolns election
• Formed the Confederate States of America

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The Civil War

• Spark
• South fires on Fort Sumter
• Turning Point
• Battle of Gettysburg
• Battle of Vicksburg

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The Civil War

• Outcome
• Union wins War
• Union is preserved
• Slavery ended
• Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves in
  southern territories under Union control
• 13th Amendment ended Slavery in the U.S.

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Spanish-American War

• Causes
• Yellow Journalism
• Exaggerated stories about Spanish abuses of
  Cubans
• Hearst and Pulitzer
• American desire to expand

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Spanish-American War

• Spark
• The sinking of the U.S.S. Maine
• Outcome
• Americans beat Spain
• America acquires overseas territory
• Guam
• Philippines
• Puerto Rico

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WWI

• Causes
• Militarism
• Alliances
• Imperialism
• Nationalism
• U.S. brought into the war by
• Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

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WWI

• Spark
• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Zimmerman Note was the event which brought the
  U.S. into the war against Germany
• Turning Point
• American entry into the war

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WWI

• Outcome
• Germany defeated
• Treaty of Versailles punishes Germany and sows
  seeds for WWII
• League of Nations
• America returns to a policy of isolationism
• Return to Normalcy

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WWII

• Causes
• German and Japanese Aggression
• Appeasement
• Spark
• German invasion of Poland (European Theatre)
• Pearl Harbor (Pacific Theater)

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WWII

• Turning Point
• Battle of Stalingrad (eastern front) and the
  Normandy landings (western front) on D-Day
  (European Theater)
• Battle of Midway (Pacific Theater)

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WWII

• Outcome
• Germans and Japanese defeated
• America becomes a superpower
• Cold War starts when Stalin leaves Soviet troops
  in Eastern Europe

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The Vietnam War

• Causes
• Domino Theory
• The fear that if South Vietnam fell to the
  communists surrounding countries would also fall

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The Vietnam War

• Spark
• S. Vietnamese President Diem cancels elections to
  unite the country
• Leads to civil war in Vietnam
• The Tonkin Gulf Resolution
• Allowed President Johnson to increase the number
  of troops and expand the war
• Turning Point
• The Tet Offensive
• Convinced many Americans that the war was not
  winnable

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The Vietnam War

• Outcome
• American troops withdraw from S. Vietnam
• South Vietnam falls to the communists
• American public was bitterly divided by the war
• Hawks- supported the war
• Doves- against the war

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Important Legal Cases

• Throughout the history of the United States there
  have been a number of important legal cases
  decided by the Supreme Court that have had a
  major impact on U.S. History
• Marbury vs. Madison
• Gave the United States Supreme Court the power to
  determine if laws or actions are unconstitutional

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Important Legal Cases

• Dred Scott Case Dred Scott was a slave whose
  master had taken him to a free state. Scott sued
  for his freedom because he was in a free state
• Outcome
• Scott loses and the case
• court rules that slaves are property and
  therefore government could restrict slavery in
  new territories

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Important Legal Cases

• Plessey v. Ferguson (1896)
• Outcome
• Segregation is legal
• Separate but Equal
• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
• Outcome
• Segregation was illegal

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The Role of Government

• Over time. The role of government in the lives of
  Americans has changed. As well, the expectations
  that Americans have for the government have
  changed
• Role of government before 1932
• Laissez Faire Hands off government stayed out
  of the affairs of business
• Government Responsibilities
• Make laws
• Provide for national defense
• If you were in need you went to charities for
  help

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The Role of Government

• Role of government after 1932
• FDR and the New Deal
• FDRs Program of government intervention designed
  to end the Great Depression and provide relief to
  Americans
• Examples
• Social Security Act
• Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
• Federal Depositors Insurance Corp (FDIC)
• President Lyndon Johnsons Great Society

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Social Movements

• Throughout American history various groups have
  tried to change American politics, culture, and
  economics
• Abolitionists
• Goal
• End Slavery
• Methods used
• Underground Railroad
• Uncle Toms Cabin- Harriet Beetcher Stowe
• Published newspapers
• John Browns Raid

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Social Movements

• Progressives
• Goal
• End corruption in business and government
• Method Used
• Muckrakers
• Upton Sinclair The Jungle
• Ida Tarbell Shame of the Cities
• More government laws to protect people
• Sherman Anti Trust Act
• FDA
• Settlement Houses
• Jane Addams
• Education
• Temperance Movement
• Bann the manufacture and sale of alcohol

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Social Movements

• Organized Labor (Unions)
• Goal
• Improve working conditions and pay of workers
• Method Used
• Strikes
• Collective Bargaining
• Arbitration

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Social Movements

• The Civil Rights Movement
• Goal
• Provide equal rights for all citizens
• Method Used
• Creating new laws
• Civil Rights Act
• Voting Rights Act
• Boycotts
• Civil Disobedience
• Protests and Marches
• Speeches (MLK)

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Social Movements

• Womens Suffrage
• Goal
• Fought to get women the right to vote
• Methods Used
• Seneca Falls Convention
• Protests and Marches
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Susan B. Anthony

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U.S. Foreign Policy

• American relations with foreign countries has
  changed over time. George Washington warned
  America to stay out of foreign entanglements.
  Other had different views which influenced U.S.
  foreign policy

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U.S. Foreign Policy

• The Monroe Doctrine
• President James Monroe warned European nations to
  stay out of the Western Hemisphere

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U.S. Foreign Policy

• The Roosevelt Corollary
• The Big Stick Policy
• United States had the right to intervene in the
  affairs of countries in Latin America
• The United States would act as the policeman of
  the Western Hemisphere
• Dollar Diplomacy
• President Taft
• U.S. would loan Latin American countries money
• Moral Diplomacy
• U.S. had a moral duty to promote democracy in
  Latin America

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U.S. Foreign Policy

• Truman Doctrine
• United States would try to contain the spread of
  communism
• Containment Policy
• U.S. would help any country fighting communism
• First tested in Greece and Turkey

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Immigration

• Immigrants have contributed to the building of
  America. It can be said that America is nation of
  immigrants. Immigrants have come to the United
  States for various reasons.
• Statue of Liberty
• Ellis Island
• Angel Island
• Ghettos
• Assimilation

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Immigration

• Resistance to immigration
• Nativist Movement
• Americans who wanted to restrict immigration
• Chinese Exclusion Act (1888)
• Chinese were banned from immigrating to the
  United States
• Act was repealed in 1943
• Quota System
• Limited immigration from certain parts of the
  world

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Economics

• Refers to the production, manufacture and
  distribution of goods and services
• Characteristics of the United States Economy
• Capitalism
• The economic philosophy that the United States
  economy is based on
• Adam Smith- Wealth of Nations
• Free Enterprise System
• Business and industry is owned by individuals
  competing for capital
• Private ownership
• Laissez Faire
• Government stays out of the affairs of business.
• During the late 1800s the government began to
  get more involved in regulating business
• Ending child labor
• Sherman Anti Trust Act
• minimum wage
• Laws of Supply and Demand
• Low Supply High Demand high prices
• High Supply low Demand low prices

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Economics

• Land, Labor, Capital, Technology, and Connections
  are necessary for any nation to industrialize
• Capital
• Profits made during the Civil War was invested in
  starting new industries and corporate growth
• Labor
• Immigration provided workers needed for
  industrial growth
• Land
• Mining boom in the West increased availability
  natural resources need for industrialization

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Economics

• Technology
• Inventors and their inventions helped improve and
  modernize industrial production
• Connections
• Transcontinental Railroad had a tremendous impact
  on industrial growth after the Civil War
• Later, the Federal Highway Project in the 1950s
  would have a similar impact on the economy of the
  1950s

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The Easter Egg

• Congratulations, you took the time to study and
  prepare for your Final Exam. Caring enough to
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  the high school and beyond. Click on the Easter
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