Out of this World

1
Out of this World

• Space
• 13.1 Intro to Space

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The Universe

• The Universe is everything that exists, including
  all matter and energy everywhere.
• By studying stars, planets, and other objects in
  the sky, you will learn where Earth is located in
  the universe.

3
Rotation vs Revolution

• Rotation
• the spinning of an
• object around its axis.
• Axis runs North to South.
• - One rotation of the Earth
• takes 24 hours. (East)

4
Rotation vs Revolution

• Revolution
• the movement of one object travelling around
  another.
• - It takes the Earth one year to travel, or
  revolve, in a circle around the Sun
  counter-clockwise.
• - This motion allows us to see different
  constellations during different seasons.

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The Sun

• 1. No life could exist on any planet in our solar
  system without the energy provided by the Sun
• 2.Nuclear Fusion -Hydrogen nuclei fuse to form
  helium nuclei.
• 3.When the substances fuse together it produces
  large amounts of heat, light, and other energy
  that travel from the Sun into space.
• 4.The Sun is about 75 hydrogen and 25 helium.

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Characteristics of Stars

• The sun is an average temperature for a star
  how do we know?
• We can compare stars by colour, temperature,
  size and brightness.

8
Size

• Dwarf Star Sun Giant Star
  Super Giant Star

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Colour and Temperature

• Colour
• Stars range in colour from blue (white), orange,
  yellow, red
• Blue ----------- Yellow (Sun) ----------- gt Red
• Temperature
• Stars range in temperature from 2000oC--50 000oC.
• 50 000oC ---------5 000oC (Sun)--------- gt 2
  000oC

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Life of a Star

• They are born, grow and die
• They are born from a nebula (collection of gas
• See page 469 in your text.

11
Galaxies and Star Clusters

• A huge collection of gas, dust and hundreds of
  billions of stars and planets.
• We are in the Milky Way Galaxy.
• Galaxies come in various shapes spiral, (like
  the Milky Way), barred spiral, elliptical,
  irregular

12
Galaxies and Star Clusters

• What is a Quasar?
• Objects that look like faint stars but emit up
  to 100x more energy than our entire galaxy.
• What is a light-year?
• The distance that light rays travel in one
  year. (9.46 x 1012 km)

13
Planets

• The gas planets are
• larger then the terrestrial
• planets
• My Very Educated
• Mother Just Served Us
• Nine Pizzas

14
Minor Bodies

• Large natural objects that revolve around
  planets are called satellites or moons.
• Asteroids
• There is an asteroid belt between the orbits of
  Mars and Jupiter.
• They orbit around the sun

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Minor Bodies

• Meteoroid, meteor, meteorites
• Meteoroids are chunks of rock in space.
• Meteors are chunks of rock that has enetered into
  earths atmosphere
• Meteorites are chunks of rock that has hit the
  earth
• Comets
• A comet is a chunk of frozen matter that travels
  in a very long orbit around the Sun.
• Hayleys comet orbits every 76 years

16
Constellations

• Constellations are a group of stars that form
  an image
• Some constellations can only be seen at certain
  times in the year

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Space Probes

• Why are space probes unmanned?
• Space probes are unmanned because they are
  small in size and are sent on missions in which
  there is no returning.
• What are space probes
• They are unmanned space vehicles that are sent
  out to gather information

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Other

• The term light year is used to describe
  distance
• A very dense object in space that even sucks in
  light is a black hole
• A quasar emits huge amount of energy
• Density is the amount of stuff packed into a
  volume
• A luminous object is an object that can make its
  own light