The Rise of Islam

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The Rise of Islam

• Chapter 11 Section 1

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Early Arabs

• Bedouins Nomads who herded sheep and camels.
• Couldnt grow crops.
• Sheikh leader of the Tribe.
• Cities began to appear along the coast (Mecca)
• Trade routes established (Caravans).

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Muhammad

• Caravan Trader in Mecca
• 40 years old believed the Angel Jibreel spoke to
  Muhammad
• He was to be a prophet of Allah
• Received teaching and revelations from Allah.

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Muhammad Meets Resistance

• Merchants of Mecca harassed Muhammad. Believed
• His thoughts/ideas disrupted their authority
• One god, Not Polytheistic
• People would stop coming to the Kaaba
• Stone building filled with idols that people
  worshipped

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Hijrah

• 622 A.D. Mecca ?Yathrib
• Known as the Hijrah (Flight)
• Yathrib becomes Medina
• City of Prophets
• Muhammad's teaching spread throughout the
  Peninsula.
• Including Mecca

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Back to Mecca

• 630 A.D.- Muhammad travels back to Mecca.
• Rededicated the Kaaba to worship Allah.
• 632 A.D.- Muhammad dies
• Converted most people in the Middle East and N.
  Africa to a new religion ISLAM

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Beliefs in Islam

• One God (Allah)
• Islam submission to God
• Followers of Islam Muslims
• 2nd Largest religion in the world Growing
• Majority live in N. Africa, Asia and E. Europe.

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Muslim World Population
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• Quran Holy book of Islam
• Word of Allah received by Muhammad
• Sacred guide for all people.
• Written in Arabic Common language of Muslims.
• Teaching include
• Live humble lives, tolerance and generosity, no
  pork or alcohol
• Also includes the 5 Pillars of Islam

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5 Pillars of Islam

• Profession of Faith
• Only one God (Allah)
• Muhammad Messenger of God
• Five Daily Prayers
• Face the direction of Mecca

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• Paying Zakat
• Annual tax to help the poor.
• Fasting during Ramadan
• Eat/Drink nothing from sunrise to sunset
• Importance of self-discipline

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• Pilgrimage to Mecca
• Make the trek at least once
• Meet to pray/perform rituals

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Rituals of the Hajj
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• Jihad Struggle to defend faith.
• Die for the struggle Rewarded in Heaven.

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Mosques

• Muslims place of worship
• No furnishings, only mats to kneel on for
  prayer.
• Men who are trained in the Quran lead prayers