PREMIS

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PREMIS

• What is PREMIS?
• Preservation Metadata Implementation Strategies
• When is PREMIS use?
• PREMIS is used for repository design,
  evaluation, and archived information packaged
  among preservation repositories
• How is PREMIS use?
• PREMIS Data Dictionary provides guidelines
  regarding the information a repository uses to
  support the digital preservation process

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PREMIS

• What is preservation metadata referring to?
• It is information that supports and documents
  the digital preservation process. Which includes
  information such as
• Provenance refers to who has ownership of the
  digital object
• Authenticity refers to the claim of the digital
  object
• Preservation activity refers to the activities
  that have been carried out to preserve the
  digital object
• Technical environment refers to the tasks
  required to interpret and use the digital object
• Rights management refers the intellectual
  property rights that must be declared

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PREMIS Data Dictionary

• Conventions for each entry in the PREMIS Data
  Dictionary
• Name of the semantic units a descriptive name
  that refers to a piece of information or
  knowledge
• Example objectIdentifer under the ltobjectgt
• Semantic components refers to sub-units held
  within a container.
• Definition refers to the meaning of the semantic
  unit.
• Rationale explains why the semantic unit is
  needed
• Data constraint indicates how the semantic unit
  should be encoded.
• Containers refers to a xml tag that have no
  value rather serve to group related semantic
  units
• None indicates that the semantic unit can be a
  value of any form
• Value should be taken from a controlled
  vocabulary PREMIS Data Dictionary does not
  specify what this authority list of values
  should be, and it is assumed that different
  repositories will use different vocabularies.
• Extension containers are containers that are
  designed to give a place for non-PREMIS metadata

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PREMIS Data Dictionary

• Object category specifies the object to which
  the semantic unit applies to (a representation,
  file, or bitstream).
• Applicability indicates whether the semantic
  unit applies to the category of the object.
• Example sample values that the semantic unit may
  use
• Repeatability indicates that a semantic unit can
  take multiple values
• Obligation indicates whether the value of the
  semantic unit is mandatory, meaning a repository
  must know this information
• Creation/Maintenance note further detail
  regarding how the values are created and or
  updated
• Usages notes provides information regarding the
  use of the semantic unit.

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PREMIS Data Dictionary Mandatory Semantic Units

• objectIdentifier
• objectCategory
• objectCharacteristics
• format
• storage
• eventIdentifier
• eventType
• eventDateTime
• agentIdentifier
• Note indicates semantic units that are
  repeatable

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PREMIS Data Model
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PREMIS Intellectual Entity

• Intellectual Entity refer to content that can
  be describe as a unit (e.g. books, maps,
  articles)

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Objects refer to units of information in
  digital form. PREMIS defines different kinds of
  objects it can an a file, bitstream or
  representation
• File it is a computer file, such as a pdf, txt
  or JPEG
• Bitstream refer to data bits within a file that
  contain common properties for preservation
  purposes

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Representation refer to a set of files, that
  includes structural metadata, required to be
  identified, stored and maintained in order to
  assemble a complete rendition of an Intellectual
  unit.
• For example, text files and images files of a
  magazine are required to form a representation.

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Sample syntax
• ltobjectgt lt/objectgt
• The units of information that can be recorded
  includes
• Type of object (file, bitstream, or
  representation)
• A unique identifier for the object under
  ltobjectIdentifiergt
• Stores information such as the type and value.
  The type refers to the classification of the
  domain that creates the object identifier. The
  value of the object identifier.
• For example,
• ltobject xsitype"representation"gt
• ltobjectIdentifiergt
• ltobjectIdentifierTypegtFDsys ACPlt/objectIdentifie
  rTypegt ltobjectIdentifierValuegtR0b002ee180b003b0lt/o
  bjectIdentifierValuegt
• lt/objectIdentifiergt
• lt/objectgt
• This particular segment states that this object
  is a representation (that is a set of files, this
  representation has a unique identifier)

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PREMIS Object Example

• Other units of information that can be recorded
  includes
• Information indicating the policy on the set of
  preservation functions to be applied to an
  object under the ltpreservationLevelgt
• ltobject xsitype"file"gt
• ltobjectIdentifiergt
• ltobjectIdentifierTypegtFDsys
  ACPlt/objectIdentifierTypegt
• ltobjectIdentifierValuegtD09002ee180b003a9lt/obje
  ctIdentifierValuegt
• lt/objectIdentifiergt
• ltpreservationLevelgt
• ltpreservationLevelValuegtfulllt/preservationLeve
  lValuegt
• lt/preservationLevelgt

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Other units of information that can be recorded
  includes
• Information indicating if the object is subject
  to one or more processes of decoding or
  unbundling under ltcompositeLevelgt
• information used to verify if an object has been
  changed in an undocumented or unauthorized way
  under ltfixitygt
• Information contained within the
  ltmessageDigestAlgorithmgt refers to the algorithm
  used to produce the message digest for the
  digital object.
• Information contained within the ltmessageDigestgt
  refers to the output of the message digest
  algorithm
• Information contained within the
  ltmessageDigestOriginatorgt refers to the agent
  that generated the original message digest that
  will be compared to the fixity check.

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PREMIS Object Entity

• The size of the object under ltsizegt
• The format of the object under ltformatgt
• ltformatDesignationgt refers to the identification
  of the format of the object
• Information contained within ltformatNamegt
  classifies the format of the file or bitstream.
• ltformatRegistrygt identifies additional
  information about the format by using a entry in
  a format registry.
• Information contained within lt formatRegistryNamegt
  identifies the format registry that was used.
• Information contained within lt formatRegistryKeygt
  refers to the unique key used to reference an
  entry for this format in a format registry
• ltformatNotegt contains additional information
  about the format
• For example

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PREMIS Object Example

• ltobjectCharacteristicsgt
• ltcompositionLevelgt0lt/compositionLevelgt
• ltfixitygt
• ltmessageDigestAlgorithmgtSHA-256lt/messageDiges
  tAlgorithmgt
• ltmessageDigestgt4977070b92f0bb2642c6be368ad
  68a8d1d1c5dbbb3310544db781f56a860b0a1lt/messageDige
  stgt
• ltmessageDigestOriginatorgtFDsyslt/messageDigest
  Originatorgt
• lt/fixitygt
• ltsizegt9326lt/sizegt
• ltformatgt
• ltformatDesignationgt
• ltformatNamegttext/plainlt/formatNamegt
• lt/formatDesignationgt
• ltformatRegistrygt
• ltformatRegistryNamegtPRONOMlt/formatRegistryNa
  megt
• ltformatRegistryKeygtx-fmt/111lt/formatRegistry
  Keygt
• lt/formatRegistrygt
• ltformatNotegtPlain Text Filelt/formatNotegt
• lt/formatgt
• lt/objectCharacteristicsgt

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Other units of information that can be recorded
  includes
• The original name of the object (prior to being
  named by the repository) under ltoriginalNamegt
• Information about where and how a files are
  stored in the repository under ltstoragegt
• ltcontentLocationgt stores information needed to
  retrieve a file from a storage system.
• Information contained within ltcontentLocationTypegt
  refers to the way of accessing the location of
  the content.
• Information contained within ltcontentLocationValue
  gt refers to the location of the content used by
  the storage system.
• The medium on which an object is stored is
  contained within ltstorageMediumgt

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PREMIS Object Entity

• Information describing a relationship between an
  object and one or more objects.
• ltrelationshipTypegt classifies the nature of the
  relationship.
• ltrelationshipSubTypegt characterizes the nature of
  the relationship.
• ltrelatedObjectIdentificationgt refers to the
  identifier of the related resource.
• Information contained within ltrelatedObjectIdentif
  ierTypegt refers to the classification of the
  domain that creates the identifier.
• Information contained within ltrelatedObjectIdentif
  ierValuegt refers to the value of the
  identifier.

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PREMIS Object Example

• ltoriginalNamegtS3880IS.txtlt/originalNamegt
• ltstoragegt
• ltcontentLocationgt
• ltcontentLocationTypegtURIlt/contentLocationTypegt
  
• ltcontentLocationValuegtfile/u02/app/emc/docume
  ntum/data/fdsysprod1/fdsysprod1/content_storage_01
  /00002ee1/80/55/b0/48.txtlt/contentLocationValuegt
• lt/contentLocationgt
• ltstorageMediumgthard disklt/storageMediumgt
• lt/storagegt
• ltrelationshipgt
• ltrelationshipTypegtstructurallt/relationshipTypegt
  
• ltrelationshipSubTypegtis part
  oflt/relationshipSubTypegt
• ltrelatedObjectIdentificationgt
• ltrelatedObjectIdentifierTypegtFDsys
  ACPlt/relatedObjectIdentifierTypegt
• ltrelatedObjectIdentifierValuegtR0b002ee180b003
  b0lt/relatedObjectIdentifierValuegt
• lt/relatedObjectIdentificationgt
• lt/relationshipgt
• lt/objectgt

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PREMIS Event Entity

• Events refers to actions that involve an object
  and an agent known to the system
• Events are critical for maintaining the digital
  provenance of an object (helps demonstrates the
  authenticity of the object)
• Examples of Events
• modifying an document
• actions that create new relationships
• Object could be related to another object as a
  result of a particular event, for instance if a
  program takes file 1 and generates a different
  version known as file 2
• Actions that check the validity and integrity of
  the objects (i.e. virus scan)

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PREMIS Event Entity

• Sample syntax
• lteventgt lt/eventgt
• The information that can be recorded under event
  includes
• A unique identifier for the event under
  lteventIdentifiergt
• The lteventIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  event identifier. The lteventIdentiferValue refers
  to the value of the event identifier.
• The type of event under lteventTypegt
• Classifies the nature of the event.
• Date, time and type of event under
  lteventDateTimegt

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PREMIS Event Entity

• Additional information that can be recorded
  under event includes
• Detail description of the event under
  lteventDetailgt
• The outcome of the event under
  lteventOutcomeInformationgt
• Indicates if the event was a success, partial
  success, or failure.
• Agents involved in the event and their specific
  roles under ltlinkingAgentIdentifiergt
• The ltlinkingAgentIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  linking agent identifier. The ltlinkingAgentIdentif
  ierValuegt refers to the value of the linking
  agent identifier. The ltlinkingAgentRolegt
  indicates the role of the agent associated to the
  event.
• Agents role are defined here because agents can
  perform different roles in different events
• Objects involved in the event and their specific
  roles under ltlinkingObjectIdentifiergt
• The ltlinkingObjectIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  linking object identifier. The ltlinkingObjectIdent
  ifierValuegt refers to the value of the linking
  object identifier. The ltlinkingObjectRolegt
  indicates the role of the object associated to
  the event.

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PREMIS Event Example

• lteventgt
• lteventIdentifiergt
• lteventIdentifierTypegtFDsyseventlt/eventIdentif
  ierTypegt
• lteventIdentifierValuegt1cdd2b6c-5a2d-449b-b386-
  ebb15eb4af11lt/eventIdentifierValuegt
• lt/eventIdentifiergt
• lteventTypegtRendition Submittedlt/eventTypegt
• lteventDateTimegt2010-10-06T193847-0400lt/event
  DateTimegt
• lteventDetailgtRendition R0b002ee180b003b0,
  uploaded by hotfolderadmin, was submitted in the
  Submission Information package P0b002ee180b003aflt/
  eventDetailgt
• lteventOutcomeInformationgt
• lteventOutcomegtSuccesslt/eventOutcomegt
• lt/eventOutcomeInformationgt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierTypegtFDsysagentlt/linki
  ngAgentIdentifierTypegt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierValuegthotfolderadminlt/l
  inkingAgentIdentifierValuegt
• ltlinkingAgentRolegtimplementerlt/linkingAgentRol
  egt
• lt/linkingAgentIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierTypegtFDsyslt/linkingObj
  ectIdentifierTypegt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierValuegtR0b002ee180b003b
  0lt/linkingObjectIdentifierValuegt

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PREMIS Agent Entity

• Agents refer to people, organizations, or
  software associated with events, more
  specifically preservation events, of an object
• In the data model diagram, there is no arrow from
  Agent entity to the Object entity, that is
  because Agents influence Objects indirectly
  through Events.

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PREMIS Agent Entity

• Sample syntax
• ltagentgt lt/agentgt
• The information that can be recorded under agent
  includes
• A unique identifier for the agent under
  ltagentIdentifiergt
• Information contained within ltagentIdentifierTypegt
  refers to the classification of the domain that
  creates the agent identifier.
• Information contained within ltagentIdentifierValue
  gt refers value of the agent identifier.
• The agents name under ltagentNamegt
• The type of agent (people, organization or
  software) under ltagentTypegt

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PREMIS Agent Example

• ltagentgt
• ltagentIdentifiergt
• ltagentIdentifierTypegtFDsysagentlt/agentIdentif
  ierTypegt
• ltagentIdentifierValuegthotfolderadminlt/agentIde
  ntifierValuegt
• lt/agentIdentifiergt
• ltagentNamegthotfolderadminlt/agentNamegt
• ltagentTypegtPersonlt/agentTypegt
• lt/agentgt

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PREMIS Rights Entity

• Rights refers to the rights and permission that
  are directly relevant to preserving objects
• Sample syntax
• ltrightsgt lt/rightsgt
• The information that can be recorded under right
  includes
• A unique identifier for the rights statement
• The action(s) that the rights statement allows
• The object(s) to which the statement applies
• The agents involved in the rights statements and
  their roles
• Note Keep in mind that FDsys doesnt use ltrightsgt

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premis.xml Header

• xmlns - refers to a namespace, which is a unique
  value (Note the xml parser does not use the
  namespace URI to look up information)
• xmlnsxsi indicates to the XML parser that this
  document should be validated against a schema
• xsischemaLocation the first value refers to the
  namespace that will be used and the second value
  refers to the location of the schema that will be
  used, in this case it is the MODS XML schema.
• version refers to the PREMIS version
• Example
• ltpremis xmlns"infolc/xmlns/premis-v2"
  xmlnsxsi"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instan
  ce" xsischemaLocation"infolc/xmlns/premis-v2
  http//www.loc.gov/standards/premis/premis.xsd"
• version"2.0"gt

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Additional Information On Using premis.xml

• When will premis.xml be used by METS (aip.xml) ?
• PREMIS digital object that requires its
  components to be organized so that the integrity
  is preserved, this is known as structural
  metadata, will use METS to accomplished this.
• METS uses a pointer to the metadata that is
  located outside of the METS document. More
  specifically, it uses a xlinkhref to indicate
  the location of such file.
• Example code from aip.xml
• lt!-- PREMIS OBJECT   --gt
• ltmetsamdSec ID"AMD_OTHER"gt
• ltmetstechMD ID"D09002ee180affcca-TEC"gt
• ltmetsmdRef ID"M09002ee180affcca-tdiv"
  MDTYPE"PREMIS" MIMETYPE"text/xml"
  LOCTYPE"URL" xmlnsxlink"http//www.w3.org/1999
  /xlink" xlinkhref"file/premis.xml" /gt
• lt/metstechMDgt
• ltmetsdigiprovMD ID"D09002ee180affcca-DIG"gt
• ltmetsmdRef ID"M09002ee180affcca-ddiv"
  MDTYPE"PREMIS" MIMETYPE"text/xml"
  LOCTYPE"URL" xmlnsxlink"http//www.w3.org/1999
  /xlink" xlinkhref"file/premis.xml" /gt
• lt/metsdigiprovMDgt
• lt/metsamdSecgt

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Additional Information On Using premis.xml

• Mets will use a struct map to organize the
  components of the premis object.
• Example code from aip.xml
• ltmetsstructMapgt
• ltmetsdiv ID"R0b002ee180b0044c-div"
  LABEL"xml-submitted"gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00449" /gt
• ltmetsdiv ID"R0b002ee180b00452-div"
  LABEL"Graphic Support Documents"gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180affca3" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b0045b" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00464" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b0046e" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00477" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b0047c" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00483" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00493" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b00499" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b004a4" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b004af" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b004bc" /gt
• ltmetsfptr FILEID"D09002ee180b004c6" /gt

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References

• Understanding PREMIS
• http//www.loc.gov/standards/premis/understanding-
  premis.pdf
• Data Dictionary for Preservation Metadata
• http//www.oclc.org/research/activities/past/orpro
  jects/pmwg/premis-final.pdf
• W3C Schools
• http//www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp