Types of Phrases

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Types of Phrases

• Prepositional Phrases
• Verbal Phrases
• Appositive Phrases

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Prepositional Phrases

• Preposition a word that shows a relationship
  between a noun or a pronoun and some other word
  in the sentence.
• From, by, of, under, in, off, about
• At, to, on, with, upon, over, before

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Prepositional Phrases

• Form Begins with a preposition, ends with a noun
  or pronoun
• Example at the store
• Function Adjective or Adverb

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Prepositional Phrases

• As Adjectives
• Underline the prepositional phrases and circle
  the noun or pronoun they modify
• She is a friend of my brother.
• The book for Mike is new.
• The lamp in the hall is broken.

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Prepositional Phrases

• As Adverbs
• Underline the prepositional phrases and circle
  the verb, adjective, or adverb they modify.
• My sister works at noon.
• We strolled down the hill.
• He fished in the Great Lakes.

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Verbal Phrases
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Verbal

• A verbal is a word we normally think of as a verb
  that is not acting as a verb in the sentence.
• Walking is fun.
• In the above sentence, walking is acting as a
  noun instead of a verb.

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Verbal Phrase

• A phrase containing a verbal
• Example
• Walking to the store is fun.
• Walking to the store is a verbal phrase.

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Verbal Phrases

• Participial Phrases
• Gerund Phrases
• Infinitive Phrases

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Participial Phrases

• Form Contains a verbal (a word we normally think
  of as a verb) ending in ed or ing
• Function Adjective

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Participial Phrases

• Examples
• Ducking into the bus shelter, Angela avoided the
  rain.
• The power lines, damaged by the rain, were
  repaired.

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Participial Phrases

• Underline the participial phrases and circle the
  noun or pronoun they modify.
• This bowl, carved in the hills of Tennessee, is
  unique.
• The waves, tossed by the wind, rose to nine feet.
• Given the facts, we had to act.

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Gerund Phrases

• Form Contains a verbal ( a word we usually think
  of as a verb) ending in ing
• Function Noun

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Gerund Phrases

• Examples
• Skidding on wet pavement causes accidents.
• The teacher enjoys praising her pupils.

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Gerund Phrases

• Underline the gerund phrases and try to determine
  what noun role the phrase is playing in the
  sentence.
• I dont mind shoveling snow.
• Would selling your car be wise?
• Our reason for informing you now is to prepare
  you.

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Infinitive Phrases

• Form Contains the word to followed by the base
  form of a verb
• Function Noun, Adjective, or Adverb

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Infinitive Phrases

• Examples
• I learned to play chess blindfolded.
• To learn Shakespeares plays seems difficult to
  many students.

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Infinitive Phrases

• Underline the infinitive phrases and try to
  determine what part of speech each phrase is.
• They want to understand the play.
• To see a play performed can be a great pleasure.
• Modern readers are curious to know about him.

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Appositive Phrases

• Form Contains a noun or pronoun and is usually
  enclosed with commas
• Function Adjective

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Appositive Phrases

• Examples
• The car, a green sedan, passed us on the hill.
• The family car, an old heap, still runs well.

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Appositive Phrases

• Underline the appositive phrases and circle the
  noun or pronoun they modify.
• This ring, a family heirloom, is very valuable.
• Lake Ontario, one of the Great Lakes, stocks coho
  salmon.
• The hottest months--June, July, and August--have
  been cooler recently.