Biomedical Sensor Networks

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Biomedical Sensor Networks

• By Krupesh Patel

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Table Of Contents

• Introduction
• Background
• Challenges of Biomedical Sensor Networks(BMSN)
• Applications
• Current Work
• Future Work
• Conclusions

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Introduction

• Life Span increases steadily
• Problem- Right Now How you feel is the biggest
  indicator of health (outside hospital).
• Idea How can technology make healthcare more
  automated and transparent?
• Solution Imagine tiny sensors that could sense
  problems before you can and other machines that
  could fix the problem before it exists.

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Background

• What is a Sensor Network (SN)?
• What makes BMSN different from SN?
• For use in animals
• Predetermined Topology
• Renewable Energy
• Still Energy efficient
• Time remaining (Power-wise) for nodes should be
  uniform in system

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Challenges

• Everything needs to be remapped for use in
  animals. From mote design to routing algorithms.
• System needs to be
• Reliable
• Predictable
• Safe (number one concern)
• Long Lasting

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Challenges (cont.)

• Mote Design
• Reliability/Predictability
• Mote Robustness
• Mote Testing
• Long Lasting (Rechargeable)
• Safety
• Bio-Materials (Synthetic Polymers, Metals,
  Ceramics)
• Size Shape
• A word on Heat (Dissipation, Recharging,
  Communication)

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Challenges (continued)

• Routing
• TDMA Allows for a predetermined time slot for
  communication (Reliable, Predictable)
• This algorithm needs to be modified to keep in
  mind each node needs to have the same time
  remaining
• Network is predetermined statically outside of
  the body but still needs to handle node failures
  (robustness of network)

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Applications

• Glucose monitor
• Drug Insulin monitoring and delivery (no more
  overdosing or under dosing)
• Artificial Retina
• Cancer Monitor (Nitric Oxide)
• Transplant Organ monitor
• General Health Monitor

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Current Work

• Best Topology (3D , 3-4 Neighbors, Clustering)
• Negative of Clustering (un-uniform recharge)
• Recharging
• Light
• Kinetic energy
• Induction
• Passive Sensors with induction

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Current Work (continued)

• Security
• Problem - Safety and Confidentiality of Patient
• Solution Mapped from other security issues of
  embedded personal devices (Bluetooth)
• Clustering may help solve problem because bigger
  more robust nodes can handle ciphering and
  deciphering messages

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Future Work

• FDA puts aside a BMSN Transmission Band
• FDA starts allowing human testing
• Smaller better motes
• Smaller better more all encompassing sensors
• Mote energy efficiency
• Mapping from other fields (based on trends)

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Conclusions

• Biomedical Sensor Networks are starting to be
  deployed
• As the technology becomes better BMSN will become
  more plausible and more accepted
• World will become a better place to live
• Increases Quality and Length of life
• for all man kind

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Questions