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The British Isles consisted of Great Britain,
Ireland and many smaller islands.
Julius Caesar invaded Britain and Rome ruled it
for almost 400 years but the Celts were not
influenced by Roman culture.
The Angles, Saxons and Jutes united to become the
Anglo-Saxons and set up settlements and kingdoms
in Angleland, or England.
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Coracles were boats made by stretching cow hides
over a wooden frame. They were used for travel,
trade and fishing, holding as many as 30 people.
Ireland became the center of Celtic culture. It
remained free from Germanic invasion because the
island was located farther out in the Atlantic
Ocean.
The Irish church was founded by St. Patrick. He
spread the Christian message all through the
island and set up many new churches.
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Monasteries became the centers of Irish life
although most were inaccessible. Each monastery
took charge of its own affairs.
Monks chose to be hermits, educators and
missionaries seeking new converts and looking for
places to build new monasteries.
Columba was the best known Irish monk. He set up
a monastery on Iona and preached to the
Anglo-Saxons in northern England.
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Pope Gregory sent monks to England under the
leadership of Augustine to convert the
Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.
Bede wrote the first history of the English
people.
Beowulf was an epic poem of a great warrior
written in Old English. It is one of the most
famous works of Anglo-Saxon literature.
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Alfred the Great

• Was well educated and interested in learning. He
  started a palace school to train nobles sons for
  government posts.

• Paid the Danes (VIKINGS) to spare England from
  attack and later signed a treaty giving them the
  northeastern part of England (called Danelaw).

• Set forth new laws based on old Anglo-Saxon
  customs.

• Had his scholars translate books into English and
  had monks record English history starting with
  Roman times.

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The government of Anglo-Saxon England centered on
the king.
A group of nobles and church leaders, known as
the witenagemot, met with the king to talk over
problems.
England was divided into shires. Each was run by
the local noble chosen by the king, a sheriff.
While the king rewarded nobles with gifts of
gold, silver horses and weapons, peasants led a
hard life farming the land near a nobles estate.
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Stowa An Anglo-Saxon Community