The New England Colonies

1
The New England Colonies

• Chapter Three, Section Two
• Pages 95-97
• Textbook Questions

2
When was Connecticut established? Why? By whom?

• When-1636
• Why-Puritans did not believe in religious
  toleration, Puritan laws were too strict, MA Bay
  Colony became too overcrowded and there was a
  desire for better farmland so
• By Whom-Thomas Hooker moved his congregation to
  the Connecticut Valley from MA Bay Colony

3
What and how was a government established for
Connecticut?

• What-Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-these laws
  were a constitution that extended voting rights
  to non-church members and limited the power of
  the governor and government (unlike that of
  General Court)
• How-It expanded the idea of representative
  government-there was an elected assembly and
  governor

4
When was New Hampshire established? By whom?

• When By Whom-1623-a village near Portsmouth was
  established by John Mason and Sir Ferdinando
  Gorges
• When By Whom-1638-John Wheelwright established
  the town of Exeter and more so established New
  Hampshire
• Why-Settled because colonists were seeking riches
  (like Jamestown)
• New Hampshire was originally part of MA, but in
  1680 became a separate, royal colony

5
What and how was a government established for New
Hampshire?

• John Wheelwright drew up the Exeter Compact,
  which was based on the Mayflower Compact

6
When was Rhode Island established? Why? By whom?

• When-1636
• Why-Not everyone agreed with the New England Way,
  Puritans did not believe in religious toleration
  and Puritan laws were too strict so
• By Whom-In 1636, Roger Williams fled southward
  and founded Rhode Island by purchasing the land
  from the Native Americans (Williams was actually
  forced by the General Court to leave MA Bay
  Colony due to his beliefs)
• Rhode Island guaranteed religious freedom,
  separation of church and state and allowed all
  white males to vote (unlike MA Bay Colony)
• Roger Williams, a minister in Salem, MA, founded
  the first Baptist church in America
• Roger Williams opposed forced attendance at
  church and the English colonists taking of
  Native American land by force (unlike MA Bay
  Colony)
• Anne Hutchinson-believed that a person could
  worship God without the help of a church,
  minister or Bible
• She conducted discussions in her home that
  challenged church authority and she was brought
  to trial and forced to leave MA
• In 1638 she fled to RI

7
What were the causes and results of King Philips
War?

• Causes
• Land ownership-To Europeans, land could be owned
  by individuals, to Native Americans, land
  belonged to everyone
• Religious differences
• Increased European populationEuropeans desiring
  more land
• Puritans vs. Wampanoag (King Philip was the
  English name of Metacom, leader of Wampanoag)

8
What were the causes and results of King Philips
War?

• Results
• Wampanoag lost despite their alliances
• Native American losses-3,000 killed, Metacom
  died, 500 enslaved
• Those Native Americans who remained lost their
  land and were forced to become laborers
• European losses-about 600 killed, more than 45
  villages attacked and about 12 destroyed
• English settlers left expanded even farther into
  Native American land

9
What were the causes and results of the Salem
Witch Trials?

• Causes
• The younger Puritan generation did not share the
  strict Puritan views of their parents
• Several Salem village girls told frightening
  stories about witches while pretending to be
  bewitched
• Witch hunts began in 1692 as a result
• The clergy saw the witch hunts as a sign from God
  for the village to return to a strict Puritan
  lifestyle

10
What were the causes and results of the Salem
Witch Trials?

• Results
• Hysteria spread throughout the village
• Those accused were forced to name other witches
• More than 100 people were arrested and tried (of
  those 20 were found guilty and put to death)
• The panic was short-lived, but the experience
  showed how a society can create scapegoats for
  its problems