ALKALOIDS

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ALKALOIDS

• Andrea Magdechová
• Vendula Frechová

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Characteristic

• Nitrogen in heterocyclic ring
• Synthesized by plants, animal, fungi
• Pharmacological effects
• Bitter taste
• Poisonous
• Analgesics

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Chemistry

• Colourless
• Crystalline
• Non volatile solids are soluble in organic
  solvent
• Insoluble in water

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Classified

• Biological activity
• Chemical structure
• Biosynthetic pathway

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Amphetamine

• Club drug
• Performance enhancer
• Prescription to treat attention deficit
  hyperactivity disorder in adults and children

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Ephedrine

• Stimulant
• Appetite suppressant
• Helps studying, thinking or concentration

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Caffeine

• Acts as psychoactive stimulant and diuretic in
  humans
• Guaranine found in guarana, mateine in mate,
  theine in tea
• Extracted from beans of the coffee plant and
  leaves of the tea bush
• Tea contains half as much of caffeine as coffe
• Chocolate contains a small amount of caffeine

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PRODUCT SERVING SIZE ml CAFFEINE PER SERVING mg
Brewed coffe 240 135
Coffe espresso 57 100
Red bull 250 80
Bag of tea 240 50
Coca - cola 355 34
Green tea 240 135
Decaffeinated coffe 240 5
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Nicotine

• Found in the nightshade family of plants
• Tobacco, tomato, potato, eggplant
• Hygroscopic, oily liquid
• Feelings of relaxation, calmness, alertness
• Enhances concentration, learning and memory
• Cigarettes contain 0,1 to 2,8 mg of nicotine
• (Nightshade lilkovité)

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Caffeine, nicotine
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