The Root of the Flowering Plant

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The Root of the Flowering Plant

• Anchors Away.
• Brain pop

2
Functions of the Root

• Anchors the plant
• Absorbs water and minerals
• Limited ability to reproduce
• Stores food

3
Primary Root

• The first root to develop from the seed.
• Secondary roots will develop from it.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfPTJ3qD1ikk

4
Secondary Roots

• These develop from the primary root and
  themselves.

FIBROUS
5
Tap Root System

• Develops from the primary root.
• Reaches deep into the ground
• Helps the plant during periods of drought.

Tap Root System
Fibrous Root System
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Fibrous Root System

• Develops when the secondary roots become the main
  roots.
• Shallow roots but spread over a broad area.
• Helps prevent erosion.

FIBROUS
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The Root Tip

• Root cap (Protects the root from abrasion)
• Zone of Maturation ( Cells develop into tissues)
• Zone of Elongation ( Cells elongate allowing the
  root to grow longer)
• Apical Meristem (Produces new cells for growth)

Root Hair
Zone of Maturation
Zone of Elongation
Apical Meristem
Root Cap
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Primary Root Tissues (Monocot)

• Epidermis
• Cortex
• Endodermis
• Xylem and phloem alternating in a ring
• Pith

Monocot Primary Root
Epidermis
Xylem
Phloem
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Regents Question

• The vascular tissue in a stem and a leaf is an
  adaptation for the
• 1)Removal of gases from the plant
• 2)Regulation of auxin distribution
• 3)Breakdown of inorganic raw materials
• 4)Transport of nutrients and water

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Regents Answer

• 4)Transport of nutrients and water

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Regents Question

• A chewing insect damages the vascular tissue of a
  plant stem. This damage will most directly
  affect the
• 1)Excretion of carbon dioxide by root cells
• 2)Synthesis of auxins in the root
• 3)Conduction of water and minerals between the
  roots and leaves
• 4)Diffusion of oxygen between root epidermal cells

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Regents Answer

• 3)Conduction of water and minerals between the
  roots and leaves

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How Water Enters the Root

• As long as the root hair is hypertonic to the
  soil water will enter the cell.
• As the water enters the cell it will dilute the
  cells contents making it isotonic.
• In order to continue the inward flow of water,
  the cell membrane will actively import mineral
  salts, keeping the cell hypertonic.

14
Regents Question

• The root system of a grass plant is an adaptation
  that increases the ability of the plant to
• 1)Carry on gas exchange and absorb inorganic
  substances
• 2)Absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
• 3)Ingest nutrient molecules
• 4)Manufacture pigments for protection

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Regents Answer

• 1)Carry on gas exchange and absorb inorganic
  substances

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Vascular System

• Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward
  from the roots
• Phloem tissue carries sugars made by
  photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will
  be stored or used
• Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or
  phloem

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Taxonomy

• Plants are divided into two groups
• Based on the presence or absence of an internal
  transport system for water and dissolved
  materials
• Called Vascular System

Vascular Bundles