Science TAKS Review

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Science TAKS Review
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I want plants to grow faster

• Independent Variable
• the thing I change
• Water plants different amounts
• Control / constant
• Do not change- all plants in same location, get
  same amount of dirt and sunlight. Etc
• Dependent Variable
• Did the plants grow any faster with change in
  water

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2 types of cells

• Prokaryote
• no nucleus
• Kingdoms
• Eubacteria and
• Archaebacteria

• Eukaryote
• - have nucleus
• Kingdoms Plant,
• Animal, Protista
• Fungi

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Cell Structures and Functions

• Cell Membrane - barrier
• Nucleus DNA
• Cytoplasm- blood of cell
• Ribosome- protein maker
• Mitochondria- energy maker
• Chloroplast- make sugar and O2

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Cellular Processes

• Homeostasis balance or same
• Water
• temperature
• blood pressure

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Permeability

• Diffusion - movement from high concentration to
  low concentration

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• Osmosis movement of water

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Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Nitrogen bases (Thymine, Adenine, Guanine,
Cytosine) determines the inherited traits. A ?
T G ? C
G
C
T
A
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DNA Replication
One strand of DNA reproduces to make two strands
so the cell can reproduce.
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Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 11th

• Transcription A? U G?C

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Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 11th

• Translation

Amino acids are linked together to make a
protein. 3 bases needed for 1 codon
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Six Kingdoms of Life

• Archaebacteria Extreme bacteria
• Eubacteria Bacteria
• Protista Amoebas, paramecium
• Fungi Mushrooms, molds, yeast
• Plantae Trees
• Animalia Mammalsuhhhh people

microscopic
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Single cell vs. Multi-cell

• Bacteria
• Protista little guys you look at under
  microscope

• Fungi mushroom
• Plant
• Animal

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Heterotroph vs. Autotroph -eat something
-make own food

• Animalia
• Fungi

• Plantae

BOTH Bacteria Protista
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Body Systems

• Circulatory heart / blood - Oxygen / food
• Digestive breaks down food
• Nervous electrical signals
• Endocrine hormones
• Reproductive sex
• Integumentary Skin
• Skeletal Bones - Structure
• Respiratory Lungs - Oxygen in, CO2 out
• Muscular - Movement
• Excretory Eliminates wastes - Urine
• Immune Kills viruses

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Viruses and Bacteria

• Viruses are not alive, Bacteria are alive

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Viruses (not alive)

• Viruses cause disease
• ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT CURE THEM?
• ONLY IMMUNE SYSTEM
• AIDS, the common cold, small pox, influenza, and
  warts

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Bacteria (alive)

• Harmful ?- get antibiotics
• Strep Throat
• Staph Infections
• Helpful ?
• decomposers septic tanks, rotting meat
• mutualism intestines
• cheese, yogurt

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Evolution

• Mutations
• Reproductions
• Natural Selection- environment decides who
  lives only tall trees- giraffes happy

CHANGE
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Who would survive?
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Symbiosis

• Symbiosis relationship between two
  organisms
• Mutualism both species benefit

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• Predation one species (predator) benefits,
  other (prey) is eaten

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• Parasitism one species benefits, the other is
  harmed

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• Competition two species want same thing

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• Commensalism one species benefits, one is
  not affected
• Remora fish eat sharks scraps shark is not
  affected

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• Food chain food web
• who eats what
• Arrows show
• flow of energy

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Trophic levels

• Producer - green plant - photosynthesis
• Consumer Must eat
• Decomposer
• breaks down dead and waste

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90
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Types of matter

• Elements
• Fe
• H
• O
• Au

• Compounds
• FeCl3
• H2O
• CO2

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Density D M V

• More dense
• liquids sink!
• Water density 1g/ml

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Viscosity

• Resistance to flow
• more viscous the slower the flow

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Buoyancy
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Chemical Change

• Change of temperature
• Production of light
• Production of a gas
• New thing formed

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Physical change

• Change in size and shape
• Making a solution
• Change in state

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Conservation of Mass6CO2 6H20 --gt C6H12O6 6O2

• Matter is never created or destroyed

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Solutions

• Solute- salt
• Solvent water
• Soluble- salt can be dissolved

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• Force - a push or a pull on an object
• F ma Force is measured in NEWTONS (N)

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• Work - force causes an object to move WFd Work
  -JOULES (J)

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• Power How fast you get work done
• PW/t
• Power - WATTS (W)

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Kinetic Energy - motion Potential Energy -
energy stored
Click on the slide!
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Energy

• Conduction - heat transfer from one object to
  another by direct contact solids

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• Convection - heat carried from one place to
  another in a liquid or gas as molecules move in
  currents caused by density differencesliquids
  gases

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• Radiation - the transfer of heat energy through
  empty space
• (heat from sun).infrared

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Soooooo..Heat moves by-
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Waves

• Transverse wave - moves up and down as the energy
  travels right to left. Perpendicular
• example light, ocean
• Longitudinal wave moves back and forth as the
  energy travels right to left. Parallel
• Example sound

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REFLECTION
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Refraction
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Electricity- 10th

• Series Circuit - a circuit in which the current
  has only one path
• Parallel Circuit - a circuit in which the current
  can take more than one path

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• READ!!!
• READ!!!
• READ!!!

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Remember

• Use your Equation Sheet
• Use your Calculator
• Use your Periodic Table
• YOU need at least 41 correct to pass.. DO YOU
  HAVE THAT?