Pop Quiz 2

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Pop Quiz 2

• More Yay!

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Geopolitics

• The interplay of geography, power, politics and
  international relations

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Organic Theory

• Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904)
• State is like an organism
• Requires nourishment to prolong existence
• Expand or die

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Lebensraum
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Heartland Theory

• Sir Halford Mackinder (1861-1947)
• Land power is important, not sea power
• World Island
• Eurasia
• Pivot Area
• Heartland (Russia/Central Asia)
• Rimland (Europe/East Asia)

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Capitalism

• Dominant economic system
• Market for goods and services determines
  allocation
• Commodification
• Placing monetary value on all things

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World Systems Theory

• Immanuel Wallerstein (1987)
• In a capitalist world you will have three tiers
  of states, based on exploitation
• Core
• Greater wealth high technology
• Periphery
• Poor low technology
• Semi-periphery
• Mix

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Critical Geopolitics

• Intellectuals of Statecraft
• Politicians influence public view of the world
• Tone sets the stage for international cooperation
  or conflict

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US v. THEM
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What I do believe is that we have to describe a
new foreign policy that says, for example, I will
meet not just with our friends, but with our
enemies, because I remember what Kennedy said,
that we should never negotiate out of fear, but
we should never fear to negotiate.
Collaboration
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The World Order

• How political geographers characterize global
  politics during temporary periods of stability
• Bipolar
• Two states/alliances competing
• Multipolar
• Multiple strong states/alliances
• Unilateralism
• One dominant superpower

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The Cold War
East v. West
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Imperialism/Colonialism
North v. South
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Critical Thinking

• How would you characterize the current world
  order?

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Internationalism

• Sometimes we need to cooperate!

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Internationalism

• How far do countries borders extend into the sea?

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Law of the Sea
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Internationalism

• Who controls land that has no native population?

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Antarctic Treaty System
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Supranationalism

• Forming institutions at a scale higher than the
  nation-state
• Political
• Economic
• Cultural

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European Supranationalism

• 1957 Common Market
• Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg,
  Netherlands
• 1992 Maastrict Treaty European Union
• 1999 Unified Currency The Euro

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BUT Devolution

• Movement of power from central to regional
  governments
• Bringing the power closer to the people
• Often based on ethno-cultural groups
• Can contribute to centrifugal forces

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