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TECHNOLOGY GUIDE ONE

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Title: TECHNOLOGY GUIDE ONE


1
TECHNOLOGY GUIDE ONE
  • Hardware

2
TECHNOLOGY GUIDE OUTLINE
  • TG1.1 Introduction
  • TG1.2 Strategic Hardware Issues
  • TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy
  • TG1.4 Input and Output Technologies
  • TG1.5 The Central Processing Unit

3
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
  • 1. Identify the major hardware components of a
    computer system.
  • 2. Discuss the strategic issues that link
    hardware design to business strategy.
  • 3. Describe the hierarchy of computers according
    to power and their respective roles.
  • 4. Differentiate the various types of input and
    output technologies and their uses.

4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
  • 5. Describe the design and functioning of the
    central processing unit.
  • 6. Discuss the relationships between
    microprocessor component designs and performance.
  • 7. Describe the main types of primary and
    secondary storage.
  • 8. Distinguish between primary and secondary
    storage along the dimensions of speed, cost, and
    capacity.

5
TG 1.1 Introduction
Hardware
6
Hardware consists of
  • Central processing unit (CPU)
  • Primary storage
  • Secondary storage
  • Input technologies
  • Output technologies
  • Communication technologies

7
TG1.2 Strategic Hardware Issues
  • How do organizations keep up with the rapid price
    and performance advancements in hardware?
  • How often should an organization upgrade its
    computers and storage systems?
  • Will upgrades increase personal and
    organizational productivity?
  • How can organizations measure such increase?
  • How should organizations determine the need for
    new hardware infrastructures?
  • How do organizations manage employees who can
    work from anywhere?

8
TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy
  • Supercomputers
  • Mainframe Computers
  • Midrange Computers
  • Microcomputers

9
NASA Supercomputer
10
Mainframes and Mid-range computers
IBM iSeries midrange computer
IBM System Z mainframe
11
Microcomputers
Dell desktop
HP notebook
Vaio laptop
Apple netbook
Amazon Kindle Fire
Motorola Xoom (tablet)
Apple iPad 2 (tablet)
12
TG1.4 Input and Output Technologies
  • Input technologies
  • Human data-entry
  • Source-data automation

13
Various Human Input Devices
Trackball
Pointing Stick
Digital Pen
Web Camera
Bluetooth Laser Virtual Keyboard
Wii
The Maltron Keyboard
14
Weve come a long way!
Keypunch machine
Punch card
15
The First Mouse
A very early (if not the first) mouse
demonstration in 1968.
16
Gesture-Based Input
See video of Oblongs product, called Mezzanine
17
Output Technologies
  • Output generated by a computer can be transmitted
    to the user over several output devices and
    media, which include
  • Monitors
  • Printers
  • Plotters
  • Voice

18
Electronic Book Readers
Amazons Kindle 3
Sony Reader
Barnes and Noble Nook
Asus ebook Reader
19
Flexible Displays
See video of Nokia flexible display
20
Multimedia Technology
  • Multimedia technology
  • Merges capabilities of computers with
    televisions, VCRs, CD players, DVD players, video
    and audio recording equipment, music and gaming
    technologies.

21
Multimedia Authoring System
22
TG1.5 The Central Processing Unit
  • Central processing unit (CPU)
  • Microprocessor
  • Control unit
  • Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU)
  • Registers

A Central Processing Unit
23
Central Processing Unit (CPU) (continued)
24
How the CPU Works
25
Advances in Microprocessor Design
  • Moores Law microprocessor complexity would
    double every two years.

26
The Evolution of Chips
  • For a look at the evolution of chips from the
    Intel 4004 to multicore chips, click here.

27
Evolution of Computer Power/Cost
28
Computer Memory
  • Two basic categories of computer memory
  • Primary Storage
  • Secondary Storage

Evolution of Man and Storage
29
Memory Capacity
  • Bit
  • Byte

In this picture, one byte, 01001000, represents
the letter H
30
Hierarchy of Memory Capacity
  • Kilobyte
  • Megabyte
  • Gigabyte
  • Terabyte
  • Petabyte
  • Exabyte
  • Zettabyte

31
Main Types of Primary Storage
  • Registers
  • Random access memory (RAM)
  • Cache memory
  • Read-only memory (ROM)

32
Primary Storage
RAM
Register
MRAM
Cache
33
Internal workings of personal computer
Hard disk drive
CPU board with fan
RAM
Floppy disk drive
34
Primary versus Secondary Memory
35
Secondary Storage
  • Memory capacity that can store very large amounts
    of data for extended periods of time.
  • Magnetic tape (sequential access)
  • Magnetic disks (direct access)
  • Optical storage devices
  • Flash memory devices

36
Magnetic Tape
Magnetic tape reel
Magnetic tape cartridge
37
Hard Drive (Magnetic Disks)
38
Hard Drive
39
The IBM Microdrive
40
Optical Storage Devices
  • Optical storage devices
  • Compact Disk, Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)
  • Digital Video Disk (DVD)

VS
The Winner
41
Flash Memory Devices
  • Flash memory
  • Flash memory devices
  • Thumb drive

42
Flash Memory Devices
43
Thumb Drive
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