Title: TECHNOLOGY GUIDE ONE
1TECHNOLOGY GUIDE ONE
2TECHNOLOGY GUIDE OUTLINE
- TG1.1 Introduction
- TG1.2 Strategic Hardware Issues
- TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy
- TG1.4 Input and Output Technologies
- TG1.5 The Central Processing Unit
3LEARNING OBJECTIVES
- 1. Identify the major hardware components of a
computer system. - 2. Discuss the strategic issues that link
hardware design to business strategy. - 3. Describe the hierarchy of computers according
to power and their respective roles. - 4. Differentiate the various types of input and
output technologies and their uses.
4LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
- 5. Describe the design and functioning of the
central processing unit. - 6. Discuss the relationships between
microprocessor component designs and performance. - 7. Describe the main types of primary and
secondary storage. - 8. Distinguish between primary and secondary
storage along the dimensions of speed, cost, and
capacity.
5 TG 1.1 Introduction
Hardware
6Hardware consists of
- Central processing unit (CPU)
- Primary storage
- Secondary storage
- Input technologies
- Output technologies
- Communication technologies
7TG1.2 Strategic Hardware Issues
- How do organizations keep up with the rapid price
and performance advancements in hardware? - How often should an organization upgrade its
computers and storage systems? - Will upgrades increase personal and
organizational productivity? - How can organizations measure such increase?
- How should organizations determine the need for
new hardware infrastructures? - How do organizations manage employees who can
work from anywhere?
8TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy
- Supercomputers
- Mainframe Computers
- Midrange Computers
- Microcomputers
9 NASA Supercomputer
10Mainframes and Mid-range computers
IBM iSeries midrange computer
IBM System Z mainframe
11 Microcomputers
Dell desktop
HP notebook
Vaio laptop
Apple netbook
Amazon Kindle Fire
Motorola Xoom (tablet)
Apple iPad 2 (tablet)
12TG1.4 Input and Output Technologies
- Input technologies
- Human data-entry
- Source-data automation
13Various Human Input Devices
Trackball
Pointing Stick
Digital Pen
Web Camera
Bluetooth Laser Virtual Keyboard
Wii
The Maltron Keyboard
14 Weve come a long way!
Keypunch machine
Punch card
15 The First Mouse
A very early (if not the first) mouse
demonstration in 1968.
16 Gesture-Based Input
See video of Oblongs product, called Mezzanine
17 Output Technologies
- Output generated by a computer can be transmitted
to the user over several output devices and
media, which include - Monitors
- Printers
- Plotters
- Voice
18 Electronic Book Readers
Amazons Kindle 3
Sony Reader
Barnes and Noble Nook
Asus ebook Reader
19 Flexible Displays
See video of Nokia flexible display
20 Multimedia Technology
- Multimedia technology
- Merges capabilities of computers with
televisions, VCRs, CD players, DVD players, video
and audio recording equipment, music and gaming
technologies.
21Multimedia Authoring System
22TG1.5 The Central Processing Unit
- Central processing unit (CPU)
- Microprocessor
- Control unit
- Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU)
- Registers
A Central Processing Unit
23Central Processing Unit (CPU) (continued)
24 How the CPU Works
25Advances in Microprocessor Design
- Moores Law microprocessor complexity would
double every two years.
26 The Evolution of Chips
- For a look at the evolution of chips from the
Intel 4004 to multicore chips, click here.
27Evolution of Computer Power/Cost
28 Computer Memory
- Two basic categories of computer memory
- Primary Storage
- Secondary Storage
Evolution of Man and Storage
29Memory Capacity
In this picture, one byte, 01001000, represents
the letter H
30Hierarchy of Memory Capacity
- Kilobyte
- Megabyte
- Gigabyte
- Terabyte
- Petabyte
- Exabyte
- Zettabyte
31Main Types of Primary Storage
- Registers
- Random access memory (RAM)
- Cache memory
- Read-only memory (ROM)
32 Primary Storage
RAM
Register
MRAM
Cache
33Internal workings of personal computer
Hard disk drive
CPU board with fan
RAM
Floppy disk drive
34Primary versus Secondary Memory
35Secondary Storage
- Memory capacity that can store very large amounts
of data for extended periods of time. - Magnetic tape (sequential access)
- Magnetic disks (direct access)
- Optical storage devices
- Flash memory devices
36 Magnetic Tape
Magnetic tape reel
Magnetic tape cartridge
37Hard Drive (Magnetic Disks)
38 Hard Drive
39 The IBM Microdrive
40Optical Storage Devices
- Optical storage devices
- Compact Disk, Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)
- Digital Video Disk (DVD)
VS
The Winner
41Flash Memory Devices
- Flash memory
- Flash memory devices
- Thumb drive
42 Flash Memory Devices
43 Thumb Drive