Elements of a Graph

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Elements of a Graph
Insanity of Statements
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Why use a graph?

• Graphs are very useful tools in science
• A graph is used by scientist to organize the
  facts so they can be analyzed and conclusions can
  be drawn.
• Graphs are pictorial representation of recorded
  information.
• Used to show the relationship between 2 or more
  different factors.
• Graphs make trends in data easy to see.
• Graphs allow us to predict data that is not
  measured.

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• There are several different types of graphs
• BAR GRAPH
• CIRCLE/PIE GRAPH
• LINE GRAPH

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Bar Graph

• Used to compare data for several individual items
  or events.

Number of pets in Mrs. ONeills block 3 class.
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Circle or Pie Graph

• Used to display data that are parts of a whole.
• Can be compared by percentages or by the size of
  the sections/parts.

The different types of pies that the students in
Mrs. ONeills block 3 class enjoy eating.
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Line Graphs
Used to show something that is being measured as
it changes over a period of time. Can be used to
predict what will most likely happen next.
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Line graphs allow us to predict data that is not
measured Extrapolate extend graph along
the same slope, above or below the measured
data.
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Interpolate predicting data between two
measured points on a graph.
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Rules for making a line graph

• 1 Assign and label your X and Y axes
• X axis
• Located on the bottom of the graph /horizontal
  axis
• Shows the most consistent or independent variable
• The independent variable occurs no matter if the
  experiment is occurring or not. It is most often
  time.
• Independent variable is controlled by the
• person conducting the experiment.

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• Y axis
• Located on the side of the graph /vertical axis
• Shows the variable which is dependent on the
  other variable.
• The dependent variable is the one that depends
  on what happens in the experiment

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Example
Independent variable - time in
years Dependent variable -population size
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• 2 Make a scale for each axes based upon
  the data collected.
• 3 Utilize as much of the graph paper
  as possible.
• 4 Plot the data points.

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• 5 Connect the data points with a straight
• edge.
• 6 Give the graph a meaningful title.
• 7 Provide a key if graphing more than one
• set of data points on the same
  graph.

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Graphing Practice

• How far does a soap box car travel after 10
  seconds?

Time (seconds) Distance (meters)
0 0
1 2
2 8
3 18
4 32
5 50
6 72
7 98
8 128
9 162
10 200
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Q A

• What is the rate of photosynthesis at 10?C?
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• What is the dependent variable in the graph?
• Rate of photosynthesis
• At what temperature is the rate of photosynthesis
  at its highest?
• 30 degrees

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