Animals Review

1
Animals Review

• For Test Animal Diversity Lab
• Animal Dissections
• - Starfish
• - Clam
• Grasshopper (studyguide only no dissection)
• Expect to identify anatomy study pictures and
  notes!

2
Starfish Questions

• How does a starfish feed?
• Read figure 24
• Kingdom Animalia
• Phylum Echinodermata
• 3. 6 common echinoderms
• Starfish, sea star, brittle star, sand dollar,
  sea lily, sea cucumber, sea urchin
• 4. 7000 species of echinoderms

3

• 5. Live in marine benthic environments (typically
  salt water, in the bottom of the sea floor)
• 6. Triploplastic having 3 germ layers
• Where is the A) endo, B) meso, C) ectoderm ?
• 7. A coelom a true body cavity (lined with
  mesoderm)
• 8. Water vascular system takes in water for
  movement, feeding (filter feeders!), respiratory
  and excretory

1
3
2
4

• 9. Echinoderm spiny skin
• 10. Pedicellaria pincer-like elements to ward
  off ectoparasites (what are they)
• 10. Skeleton made of many plates called ossicles,
  made of calcium carbonate
• 11. No brain a decentralized nervous system
• 12. Regeneration regrow limbs will break off a
  body part if attacked (lose a limb, save a life)
• 13. Digestive organs mouth, stomach, intestine,
  anus

5

• 14. Dioecious each sex is separate organism,
  but cant really tell sexes apart
• 15. Young starfish have bilateral symmetry
  adults have radial symmetry
• Study the Starfish Anatomy Coloring Picture
• Starfish Lab Know all the parts/structures and
  what they do/why they are important

6
External Starfish Anatomy
1

• Madreporite plate
• Tube feet
• Mouth
• Spiny skin/Dermal spines
• Central disc
• Eye spots
• Anus

2
3
4
6
5
7
Internal Anatomy
5
4

• Stomach
• Digestive gland
• Gonads
• Ring canal
• Radial canal
• Ampullae connect to
• Dermis

3
?
2
1
6
8
Mollusk Questions

• Mollusk ex snail, clam, slug, squid, octopus,
  oyster
• 2. Clam AKA Mussel
• 3. All mollusks share 1 unifying characteristic
  
• Soft bodied
• 4. 4 Major regions mantle, visceral mass, head,
  food (Which did you see? What do they do?)

9

• 5. Mantle sheath of skin surround the space of
  the clam, attached to shell
• 6. Secretes for shell, houses respiratory organs
  (which are?) and houses visceral mass
• 7. Visceral mass contains
• Stomach, intestines, gonads, mouth
• 8. Food is used for locomotion
• Octopus/squid have siphon for jet propulsion

10

• 9. Radula toothed tongue for scraping food
• 10. Open circulatory system blood is not
  contained in vessels but circulates via the heart
  through open sinuses
• 11. Gills for breathing underwater
• 12. Clams filter feed water flows in past
  gills, mouth small particles swept into mouth
• 13. Shells- formed by secretions of the mantle
• 14. Shells inner nacreous layer composed of
  calcium carbonate, can form pearls

11

• 15. Hermaphroditic both sexes in 1 organism
• 16. Octopus is able to learn and remember
• 17. Mollusk senses touch, taste, smell, sensing
  of chemicals, sight
• 18. Live in moist environments marine or
  freshwater
• 19. For food (calamari, escargot, oysters,
  scallops), jewelry, medicine, also negative
  because they are invasive species zebra and
  quagga mussels are invading Great Lakes

12
Clam External Anatomy

• Function of shell protection, movement
• Bivalve two valves (two shells hinged together)
• Oldest/newest part of shell? How do you know?
• How does it open/close?

4.
1.
3.
2.
13
Clam Internal Anatomy
2.
1.

• Adductor muscles
• Foot
• Visceral mass
• Gills
• Mantle
• Heart
• Gonads
• Stomach
• Intestines
• Mouth?

3.
4.
6.
5.
8.
7.
14
Grasshopper Questions

1. Phylum Arthropoda
2. HUGE characteristic Exoskeleton
3. Molting shed exoskeleton periodically
4. Jointed appendages on legs, mouth parts, antennae
5. Have bilateral symmetry (what have the other
   organisms had?)
6. Cephalization development of distinct head
   region

15

• 7. Have a COMPLETE digestive system beginning
  (mouth) and end (anus)
• 8. Arthropods are divided into 6 classes LOTS
  of diversity in this phylum!
• 9. Arthropods are the most abundant phylum of the
  animal kingdom ?

16

• 10. Holometabolous (complete) metamorphosis
  egg, larva, pupa, adult
• 11. Hemimetabolous (incomplete) metamorphosis
  egg, nymph, adult
• 12. Grasshoppers are
• Hemimetabolous

17

• 13. Beneficial contributions pollinators, food
  source for birds/small mammals, vital part of
  healthy ecosystems (where in food chain?)
• 14. Harmful? eat crops (locust swarms), spend
  lots of money on pesticides
• 15. There are 2.5 3 BILLION insects in the
  world, and most of them are BENEFICIAL

18
Grasshopper Anatomy

• External anatomy only
• Study your picture

19
Animal Kingdom Lab

• Didnt get these recorded in gradebook so
  please bring back Tuesday!

20
What to know Animal Kingdom Lab

• Names of each phylum (or class) - goes with what
  kind of animal?
• Ex Phylum Platyhelminthes is commonly referred
  to as what?
• Flatworms
• Can go back to book (Ch 25.2) or online
• Sheets on tables are in a powerpoint on wiki