VOCAB QUIZ TODAY

1
VOCAB QUIZ TODAY

• YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES TO STUDY YOUR WORDS QUIETLY
  FOR YOUR QUIZ TODAY.

2
SCIENCE

• The Art of Experimentation

3
Science What is a Hypothesis

• "There are two possible outcomes if the result
  confirms the hypothesis, then you've made a
  measurement. If the result is contrary to the
  hypothesis, then you've made a discovery." -
  Enrico Fermi, American Physicist
• A Hypothesis can be supported or not supported
  based on the information gathered in the data.

4
LAB EXPERIMENTS

• Every experiment will share certain
  characteristics. Steps of the Scientific Method.
• They all must have
• Problem or question -usually stated as a
  hypothesis
• Variables - factors that will influence the
  outcome of the experiment

5
LAB VARIABLES

• Independent variable (IV) this is the factor
  that you are testing
• Dependent Variable (DV) this is the factor that
  you will be measuring (it will change in response
  to the IV)
• Constants those variables that must not change
  in the experiment. Must be given to both groups
  to maintain health of organisms.

6
Parts of a Controlled Experiment

• Experimental Group receives the IV
• Ex. Tomato plants that get the fertilizer
• Control Group does not get
• the IV
• Ex. Tomato plants that do not get fertilizer

7
HOW TO BEGIN

• Questions to ask when beginning an experiment
• What are we trying to answer?
• What is the factor that we are testing?
• How will we know if that factor influenced the
  experiment?
• What other factors could possibly influence the
  outcome of the experiment?

8
TESTING LIVING THINGS

• Living things (organisms) change over time. They
  grow, mature and become exposed to disease and
  carry the genetic material that makes all things
  unique in the world
• We attempt to control each variable that could
  influence the life of that organism except the
  one we want to test (constants)
• This is a controlled experiment

9
Steps of an Experiment (order Sensitive)

1. Identify a problem
2. Background Research (has anyone else had the
   problem)
3. Develop a hypothesis an educated guess
4. List Materials
5. Describe precisely your procedures Great
   scientist should be so thorough so that the
   experiment could be redone with the exact same
   results.
6. Gather DATA
7. Present DATA in results section
8. Explain Results in a Conclusion

10
SUNFLOWER LAB

• ASSIGNMENT Using Scientific Method, design a
  controlled experiment to determine if sunlight is
  necessary for the growth of sunflowers.
• Work in groups of 4 and create
• 1) Hypothesis
• 2) List of Materials
• 3) Procedures (detailed steps)
• 4) Data tables, charts, graphs (leave them
  blank)
• 5) Analysis/Conclusion Questions

11
DESIGNING THE EXPERIMENT The Hypothesis

• Does your hypothesis relate to the question or
  problem?
• Is this a testable hypothesis?
• From your hypothesis, can you determine the IV
  and DV?
• Have you determined all the variables that should
  be constants (same for both groups)?

12
DESIGNING THE EXPERIMENT

• Have you clearly indicated the control group and
  the experimental group?
• Have you designed an effective way to record your
  data?

13
SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• You have just used the scientific method.
• Observe the situation
• Ask a question
• Turn that question into a testable hypothesis
• Predict the outcome of your experiment
• Perform your experiment
• Analyze the results
• Evaluate your hypothesis

14
Cookbook Labs vs. Inquiry Labs

• Cookbook labs experiment already designed for
  you
• Your task is to simply
• 1. Follow procedures (directions)
• 2. Record your results in the tables,charts and
  graphs provided
• 3. Then draw your conclusions,usually by
  answering questions.

15
INQUIRY LABS

• Inquiry labs - you are asked to become the
  scientist, designing an experiment or set of
  experiments to resolve a problem.
• As the age old saying goes, you cant solve the
  problem until you know what the problem is.

16

• Inquiry labs require you to use the scientific
  method.
• Create a Title Should be unique to YOUR
  experiment (Ex. Pumpkin Seed Lab is not
  UNIQUE)
• State the Question What are you trying to find
  out?
• Background Research Investigate what others have
  already learned about your question. Gather
  information that will help you perform your
  experiment.

17

• State Your Hypothesis After research, you should
  have some prediction about what you think will
  happen in your experiment.
• You must state your hypothesis in a way that you
  can measure results.

18

• Develop a procedure for testing your hypothesis.
• Number your steps
• Include measurements of all materials
• Include illustrations
• Remember to control all constants

19
RECORDING YOUR DATA

• Two Types of Data
• Quantitative numbers, time, temperature,
  length, mass
• Qualitative descriptive verbal, drawings
• Both types of data are important in conducting
  experiments

20

• Create a Results Paragraph
• Summarize your results/data (tell the reader what
  is on the tables, drawings and graphs)
• DO NOT discuss the hypothesis or conclusion

21

• Draw Your Conclusion This is your opportunity to
  explain the meaning of your results. Did your
  experiment support/not support your hypothesis?
  Use data to support your claim. Does additional
  research need to be conducted?

22

• Report Your Results and Conclusion This is the
  final product you would publish if you were a
  research scientist. When performing an inquiry
  lab, you will turn in your finished lab report
  detailing each step of the scientific method.
• Be sure you refer the rubric when writing your
  report.