Biology 1060 Chapter 5

1
Biology 1060Chapter 5

• The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

2
Lifes Molecules

• Define macromolecule, polymer, monomer
• List the four main classes of biological
  molecules
• Discribe the unity among these

3
Building Macromolecules

• Name and describe the reaction that builds
  macromolecules
• Name and describe the reaction that destroys
  macromolecules
• Discuss the ways each reaction is used in an
  organism

4
Sugars

• Differentiate between monosaccharides,
  disaccharides, and polysaccharides
• Give examples of each
• Discuss the various ways sugars are distinguished
  from one another
• Describe the uses of monosaccharides and
  disaccharides
• Give examples of each

5
Polysaccharides

• Describe the uses of polysaccharides
• Give examples of each
• Describe the differences between digestible and
  indigestible polysaccharides
• Discuss the role of enzymes in digestion of
  polysaccharides
• Scientific Inquiry, p. 91

6
Lipids

• Discuss how lipid structure differentiates them
  from macromolecules
• Name the defining characteristics of lipids
• Describe the structure of fats and how it impacts
  their functions
• Science, Technology, and Society, p.91

7
Lipids continued

• Differentiate between
• cis and trans fats
• Saturated and unsaturated fats
• Describe their relationships to health
• Describe the functions of fats, their formation
  and digestion

8
Phospholipids

• Compare and contrast triglycerides and
  phospholipids
• Discuss how phospholipid structure is related to
  their functions in cells

9
Steroids

• Describe the structure of steroids
• Describe the important functions of steroids

10
Proteins

• Table 5.1 overview of protein function
• Describe the structure and components of proteins
• Discuss the functions of proteins and their
  importance
• Describe how protein sequences were first
  discovered

11
Protein Structure and Function

• Describe the levels of protein structure
• Describe the interactions at each level
• List denaturing agents and discuss their effects
  on proteins
• Relate protein folding to protein function
• Evolution Connection, p. 91

12
Nucleic Acids

• Name the types of nucleic acids
• State their importance
• Explain how nucleic acids control and coordinate
  cell functions
• Distinguish between the structures of
• Polynucleotides
• Nucleotides
• Nucleosides

13
Nucleotides

• Distinguish between the classes of nucleotides
• List the members of each class
• Discuss how information is coded in DNA
• Describe the structure of the DNA molecule
• Describe complementary bases
• Discuss how they contribute to replication and
  cellular reproduction

14
DNA and Proteins

• Discuss how related organisms exhibit similarity
• Describe the evidences of evolutionary
  relatedness
• Discuss reductionism and emergent properties
• Relate them to understanding of biological
  phenomena