15th

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The Age of Exploration

• 15th 17th Centuries

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TermsThe Age of Exploration

• Portugal
• Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
• Prester John
• Vasco de Gama (1497)
• Christopher Columbus (1492)
• Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
• Magellan (1519 1521)
• Conquistadors
• Hernan Cortesdefeated Aztecs (1519 1521)
• Francisco Pizarrodefeated Incas (1531
  1533)
• Encomiendas
• The Requirement (1513)
• East India Company (English Dutch)
• Jacques Cartier
• Louis Joliet Jacques Marquette (1673)
• Robert LaSalle (1682)

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What Fueled Expansion of European Power?

• Growth in population need for more land
• Primogeniture
• New technology

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The Caravel
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Astrolabe and Compass

• Astrolabe

• Compass

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Medieval Trade Routes
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What Fueled Expansion of European Power?

• Growth in population need for more land
• Primogeniture
• New technology
• Desire to find a direct trade route with the East
• Increasing power of European monarchs
• Religion (to Christianize the natives)
• To secure gold, silver, precious gems other
  valuable commodities
• To secure new territories
• To satisfy the spirit of adventure intellectual
  curiosity
• To establish trading posts and settlements

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Prince Henry the Navigator
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Prester John
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Portuguese Exploration15th Century
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Bartholomeu Dias (1488)
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Route Taken by Vasco De Gama (1497)
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Route Taken by Christopher Columbus (1492)
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The Tainos Welcome Columbus (1492)
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Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
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Vasco de Balboa Discovers Pacific Ocean (1513)
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Magellans Trip Around the World
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Conquistadors
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Hernan Cortes
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Aztec Empire
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Quetzalcoatl (Aztec God-King)
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Hernando Cortez the Aztec Indians
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TenochtitlanAztec Capital
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Tenochtitlan
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Incan Empire
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Francisco Pizarro and the Incas
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Encomienda

• Delegation of authority by the Spanish monarch
• Conquistador rules in place of monarch
• Gave absolute authority to conquistadors in New
  World

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(El Requerimiento) The Requirement of 1513

• Provided religious and legal justifications for
  confiscation of New World territories and
  subjugation of inhabitants

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How Do We Explain European Success?

• Superior technology
• Disease
• Exploiting rivalries

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Results

• Flow of gold and silver to SpainSpain becomes
  most powerful nation in Europe
• Plants and animals introducedbetter diets
• Overseas empires
• Way of life changes for Native Americans

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East India Company
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Jacques Cartier
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Samuel de Champlain
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Louis Joliet Jacques Marquette Explore the
Mississippi River (1673)
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Robert LaSalle Claims Mississippi River Region
For FranceLouisiana (1682)
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New France
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Jesuits

• Very active in converting Native Americans