Face, Eye, and Ear Injuries

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• Face, Eye, and Ear Injuries

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Facial Injuries

• Soft Tissue Injury
• Abrasions, Contusions, Lacerations, Avulsions
• Lots of bleeding - Why?
• Clean and cover - Why?
• Epistaxis Nosebleed
• DONT BLOW NOSE - REMOVES CLOT
• Nose plugs coated with Afrin or petroleum jelly
• Ice Pack to control bleeding

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Facial Injuries

• Bony Injuries - MOI direct blows
• Mandible(Jaw) Fracture - 2nd most common
• Malocclusion of teeth, bleeding around teeth,
  lower lip numbness
• Ice, immobilize, Dr.

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Nasal Fx

• Bony Injury
• Nasal Bone Fracture - most common
• Nasal Septum Fracture - Cartilage and bone
• More serious - hematoma may develop
• Tx Ice, nose packing, refer

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Eye Anatomy

• Anatomy
• sit in orbit(bony) protection
• eyelid
• sclera - tough white outer layer
• cornea, iris, lens
• pupil

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Eye injuries

• Injuries
• Can be very serious, must be evaluated and
  referred to opthamologist if necessary.
• Orbital Hematoma(black eye)
• Foreign Body
• Pain and disability, tearing
• DONT RUB IT OUT - Why?
• Corneal Abrasion
• Pain, tears, blurred vision
• Patch refer
• 1-2 days to heal

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Eye Injuries

• Hyphema
• Blood in eye, vision block(full or partial)
• Patch both eyes, NO ICE, Medical emergency
• Blowout Fracture - orbit of eye is fractured
• Hit on orbit, hit on eye
• Discoloration, Inability to move eye up,
  diplopia, pain
• Retinal Detachment
• Direct blow
• Specks in vision, flashes of light, curtain

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Dental Injuries

• Tooth Displacement
• Extrusion or Lateral Luxation
• Can try to reposition, Dentist
• Intrusion
• Dont try to reposition, mouth closed, Dentist
• Fractured Tooth - crown or root
• No return, Dentist, save tooth fragment
• Tooth Avulsion
• Handle tooth by crown only
• Replace in socket if possible
• Save tooth - keep moist at all times
• Dentist - 1/2-2 hrs.
• less than 30 mins. 90 survival rate
• greater than 2 hrs. 5 survival rate

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Dental Injuries

• Injuries
• Teeth have lowest potential to return to a state
  of health following traumatic injury.
• Role to athletic trainer - care for athlete and
  tooth and get athlete to dentist if necessary.
• Saving a tooth - Transport Media
• SAVE A TOOTH
• Milk, Saline, Saliva, Water, Mouth

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Ear Injuries

• Anatomy
• External Ear, Middle Ear, Internal Ear
• Injuries
• Swimmers Ear - External Otitis
• Ear Infection Otitis Medius
• Cauliflower Ear (Wrestling)
• Hardened tissue of untreated hematoma auris
• Keloid tissue is resultant

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Prevention of Facial, Dental, Ear, and Eye
Injuries

• Protective Equipment
• Helmets
• Facemasks
• Eye Protection
• Mouthguard
• Ear Protection