Bell Work

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Bell Work

• What is a joint stock company?
• Please get out your note packet that we were
  taking notes on yesterday. If yours is in your
  locker you need to go get it. Ask a teacher
  first before you leave the room if the bell has
  already rung.
• There should be no talking during this time!!!
• Announcements
• Summary due by the end of today!!!
• Quiz over notes tomorrow
• Study notes, study vocab
• If you were absent or had late work you need to
  check the folder in the milk crate to see if you
  have papers to pick up!
• To do
• Notes
• Review

2
Section 2

• Objectives Students will learn . . .
• 1. why the 1st Eng. colonies were established.
• 2. what helped the Jamestown colony survive.
• 3. how VA grew and changed during the 1600s.
• Key Terms and People the following terms and
  people
• joint-stock company, John Smith, Powhatan,
• Pocahontas, John Rolfe, headright, House of
  Burgesses,
• indentured servant, Bacons Rebellion

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The Lost Colony of Roanoke

• What happened to the colonists of Roanoke Island?
  
• Sir Walter Raleigh was an adventurer, a poet, and
  a favorite of Queen Elizabeth at court. With her
  permission, he sent several expeditions to the
  Atlantic coast of North America. He named the
  entire region Virginiaafter Elizabeth, known as
  the virgin queen.
• Early attempts at settlement failed, but in 1587
  Raleigh sent out a new expedition of soldiers and
  more than 100 settlers, mostly families. The
  groups governor, John White, wanted to create a
  self-sufficient colony. They settled on Roanoke
  Island, a three-mile-wide strip of land off
  present-day North Carolina, and became friendly
  with Manteo, leader of the local Croatoan
  Indians. Soon after the colonists landed on
  Roanoke, Whites granddaughter Virginia Dare was
  born. She was the first English child born in
  North America.
• The English settlers had landed too late in the
  season to plant crops, so White headed back to
  England for supplies. What happened next is one
  of the great mysteries in American history.

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• England was at war with Spain, so White had to
  wait three long years before obtaining a ship to
  return to Roanoke. In August 1590 he and his men
  approached Roanoke Island. They saw a light in
  the darkness and rowed toward it, blowing a
  trumpet and singing English songs to let the
  settlers know they were friends. There was no
  answer.
• In the morning they landed and found the village
  in ruins, overgrown with trees and shrubs. The
  only clue White found was the word Croatoan
  carved on a post. The settlers had buried chests
  full of pictures, books, maps, and other goods.
  These chests now lay strewn about, destroyed.
• White hoped to find the settlers, including his
  family, on nearby Croatoan Island, but bad
  weather forced him away. No trace of the lost
  colony was ever found.
• People have tried to solve the mystery of Roanoke
  Island ever since. Perhaps the settlers sought
  refuge with local Indians, or were killed by
  Indians. Maybe they were wiped out by a violent
  storm or severe drought. But so far, no one knows
  the true fate of the lost colony of Roanoke.

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objective

• Explain Virginias development
• Be able to use the following when explaining
• the Virginia Company,
• tobacco cultivation
• relationships with Native Americans (such as
  Powhatan)
• development of the House of Burgesses,
• Bacons Rebellion
• development of slavery.

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Explain Virginias Development

• Roanoke-
• The first attempt by England to settle North
  America (1585).
• Walter Raleigh was in charge of this expedition
• Failed
• Charter rights were given to the London Company

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Explain Virginias Development Cont.

• Joint-Stock Company-
• A company formed which gathers money from
  investors for exploration, settlement, and
  profit.
• Responsible for governing and maintaining
  colonies
• In return got most of the colonies profit.
• . Plymouth Co. and the London Co. (joint stock
  companies)
• responsible for colony and took home the profit
  from colony

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The Virginia Company(the old London Company)

• Jamestown Established-
• 1607
• 1st permanent Eng. colony in N. America.
• Jamestown Survives-
• Disease, manual labor, Natives, and swampland
  made the first two years difficult.

The first winter was called the Starving Time
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The Virginia Company

• John Smith-
• Saves Jamestown
• those who do not work, do not eat
• Rigid discipline, strengthened defenses,
  encouraged farming

• Due to bad government near chaos, Smith was
  eventually elected president of the local council
  in September 1608.
• He helped trade for food with Indians, build
  houses, and explore the area.
• organized raids to steal food from the Indians.
• He said that he was captured by some Powhatans
  and was about to be killed but was saved by
  Pocahontas
• Smith was accidentally burned with gun powder and
  had to return to England

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Tobacco Cultivation and Jamestown

• John Rolfe-
• Brings tobacco seeds from W. Indies
• Becomes Jamestown main cash crop (crop grown for
  profit)
• new wave of immigration into the colony
• Pocahontas-
• Married John Rolfe.
• helped Jamestown colonists plant tobacco and
  served as a translator

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Pocahontas Powhatan
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Virginias Relationship with Native Americans

• Chief Powhatan-
• Leader of the Native American tribes in VA
• Father of Pocahontas
• 1st who fought the settlers then traded with
  Jamestown (short time)
• Why do you think Powhatan had a change of heart?
• Conflict in Virginia
• Fighting b/w VA and Native Americans continued
  throughout the 1620s-1640s.

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Virginia continued to grow

• headright system- 50 acre grants of land
• - each family received one headright for each
  family member and servant they had
• Anyone who paid for another person's passage got
  an additional headright
• 1619 - VA. Co. brought 1st women (100) and
  artisans to help VA grow
• 1st slaves brought

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Development of the House of Burgesses VA
government!

• representative government-A government in which
  the people elect their own officials.
• Inalienable (Natural) rights of citizens- people
  have rights that no government can take away.
• salutary neglect- The British governments
  policy of letting the colonies govern themselves.

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House of Burgesses Cont.

• House of Burgesses-1619
• 1st elected assembly (governor and appointed
  council)
• Only white male land owners could be a member
• Had the Power to raise taxes and make laws
• Americas 1st legislature

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Bacons Rebellion

• Indentured Servant-
• Immigrants from Europe who agreed to work in
  exchange for passage to North America.
• Made up a large part of the VA population
• Following Bacons Rebellion, the number of
  indentured servants decreased dramatically.

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Bacons Rebellion

• Nathaniel Bacon-
• Aristocratic leader of the 1676 rebellion in
  Virginia.
• Bacons Rebellion-
• Armed conflict over land disputes between
  settlers and Native Americans bringing fighting
  from western Virginia to Jamestown.
• The result was a large reduction of indentured
  servants.

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The Development of Slavery

• slave system-
• System in which Africans were brought to the
  Americas to perform laborious work (primarily
  agriculture in the South).
• Following Bacons Rebellion (1676), the number of
  slaves arriving to the colonies increased
  dramatically.

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The Development of Slavery

• plantation system-
• Large self-sufficient farms used to grow one or
  more cash crops for profit.
• Found primarily in the Southern Colonies.