The Mexican Cession: Texas Independence Part I

1
The Mexican Cession Texas Independence Part I

• Westward Expansion of the U.S.
• Texas and Beyond

2
What is Cession?

• the act of giving up something (such as power,
  land, or rights) to another person, group, or
  country.

3
Mexico vs. Spain

• Mexico was New Spain.
• Mexicans were like the Americans and the
  Spanish were like the British.
• Mexico would get its independence from Spain in
  September, 1821.

Mexico
Spain
4
The Mexican Independence was costly.

• Mexico lost over 500,000 people.
• Mexico now had no economic ties with Spain.
• Mexico will now have to find ways to sustain
  itself independently.

5
Mexico Political Groups

• After Mexico gained its independence from Spain,
  two major political groups controlled Mexico
• The Conservatives and the Liberals.
• The Conservatives and Liberals would disagree on
  everything education, government,
  religion/church, military, etc.

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Conservatives

• Wanted Mexico to have a traditional
  Spanish-like monarchy rule of government.
• Conservatives wanted Mexico to be run by a King.

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Liberals

• The Liberals wanted a federal republic system,
  similar to the United States where the government
  would represent the people.

8
The Americans in Mexico

• Due to the struggles of Mexican independence, and
  the Liberals of Mexico Mexico needed to find a
  way to survive.
• Mexico needed to
• Populate its nation.
• Protect itself from Comanche (Native American)
  attacks.
• Strengthen the northern Mexican states from
  American expansion.
• Mexico decided to allow the foreigners into
  their country starting in 1823.

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The New Mexico
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Rules of the foreigners

• American settlers moved into the northern Mexican
  state of Texas.
• There the Americans promised to
• convert to Catholicism
• become Mexican citizens
• not have slaves
• All rules were ignored by the Americans.

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The Empresarios

• empresarios means entrepreneur in English.
• Empresarios were given large land grants and
  allowed to bring in settlers.
• The most famous/successful empresario was Stephen
  F. Austin.
• He brought in 300 American families.
• By 1830, 7,000 Americans lived in Texas (doubling
  the Mexican population in Texas)

12
Stephen Fuller Austin
What is the capital city of Texas today?
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American Outnumbered the Mexicans in Texas

• Due to the increasing amounts of American
  settlers in Texas, change was inevitable.
• Americans did not follow the Mexican rules and
  Mexico was fed up.
• In 1830, the Mexican government closed off
  American immigration into Texas.
• By 1836, Texas population was
• 30,000 whites, 5,000 slaves, 4,000 Mexicans.