1
??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????
???????? ?????? ?.?. ???????

• ?????? ?????? ????? "????????????? ?????, ?????
  ????????????? ????????? ? ????????????????
  ?????????
• ?????? ????????
• 2012

2
???? ????????????

• ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????
  ?? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????

3
???? ??????????? ??????????

• ??????
• ???????????
• ??????.

4
Spill-over-??????

• ???????????? ? ??????????????, ???? ?????
  ?????????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ???.
• ??????
• ??????? ???????????? (????? ???????????
  ??????????? ???????? ????????),
• ?????????? ?????,
• ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????,
• ???????????????? ?????? (????? ??? ????????
  ?????????),
• ??????????? ????????? (???????? ??????????),

5
??????? spill-over

• ????????????? ???????????
• ??????? ???????????????? ???????
• ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????
  (absorptive capacity)
• ???????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ????????
  (??????? ??? ??????????)
• ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????
  ?????? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ????????
  ?????????? ? ?.?.

6
????????????? ???????????????? ???????
??????????? ?????????? (?? ??????? ?????)

• Behera S.R., Dua P., Goldar B. Foreign direct
  investment and technology spillover an
  evaluation across different clusters in India

7
??????

• Akt denotes the level of technology in cluster
  (?? ???? ??????) at time t,
• Rht is the stock of technological knowledge
  (measured by the cumulative investment in RD)
  developed in region (?? ?????? ?????) existing
  at time period t
• Rkt is the stock of technological knowledge
  (measured by the cumulative investment in RD)
  developed in cluster k of the region h existing
  at time period t,

8
is a cluster-specific constant term, which
captures the intrinsic efficiency in the
technological (innovative) production function,

• is the substitution parameter, which reflects
  the substitution
• possibilities between Rht and Rkt, i.e. to what
  extent a cluster
• may be able to improve its technology level from
  overall
• RD investment in the region as against RD
• investment done in the cluster itself.
• The constant elasticity of substitution
  innovative production
• function gets converted to the constant returns
  to scale
• Cobb-Douglas production function when ?0. Hence,
  
• the innovative production function can be
  re-expressed
• by logarithmic second order Taylor series
  expansion around
• the point, ?0

9
(No Transcript)
10
?????????? spill-over

• H_FDI - the effect of horizontal FDI of the
  clusters (the presence of foreign firms in
  industry j within the cluster)
• H_FDIR - the presence of foreign firms belonging
  to industry j in other clusters of the region
• H_FDIO - the output share of the foreign firms to
  the industry output in the cluster in industries
  other than j.
• CON - market-concentration index of a particular
  cluster
• dummy variable, D1 - whether the location of the
  firm is around the center of the cluster or in
  the periphery
• dummy variable, D2 - whether the firm is located
  in urban area or rural area

11
???????? ??????
12
????????? ??????????
13
(No Transcript)
14
????????????? ??????

• ??????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?
  ???, ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????
  ?????? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ?????????.
• ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????????
  ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????
  ??????? ???? ? ????????? ?????????? ??????????.
• ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????????
  ???????????? ????????????
• ????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????
  ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????, ?????
  ??????????.
• ?????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?????
  ???????????.

15
????????? ??????????, ??? ???????????? ??
??????????? ???????????

• ??? ???????
• ????????????
• ????? ? ?????? ???????? ????, ????????????
  ?????????? ????????, 100
• ??????????? ????? ???
• ????????????
• "??????????? ?????????? ?????? ?.?." ,
  ??????????, 48,92
• "??????????? ????????????????", ????????, 28,06
• "????? ???? ?.?.", ?????, 16,8
• ??????????? ???? ????????????? ? ????????,
  ??????????????, 6,22
• ????, ???
• ????????????
• "???? ?????????? ??-??-??", ???, 100

16
????????? ?????????? ????????

• ?????-???????????????? ???????? ??????????
  ??????, ???.
• ????????????
• ???????? ??????, 32,12
• "DI??S?N?? ??LDING ??.LI?I??D", ????, 8,03
• "RINS??? ?R?DING ??.LI?I??D", ????, 8,03
• "?????N?? ??LDINGS ??.LI?I??D" , ????, 8,03
• "???R?N?? ??LDINGS ??.LI?I??D", ????, 8,03.
• ??????????? ?????????????? ?????, ???
• ????????????
• MOUNTRISE LIMITED, ????, 39,23
• ?????????????, ???
• ???????????-??????????? ????????, ???
• ????????? ????, ???, ???????, 8,62 (???????
  100, ??????????? ??????????????????)
• ????????? ?????
• ALTERIONA LIMITED (?????????? ???????), ????,
  4,78
• ???????? ??????.
• ????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????, ???
• ????????????
• ??????? ????????, ???????? ??????????? ????????,
  47,28

17
?????

• ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????
  ??? ????????????????? ??????????!
• ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????
  ???????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????? ????????
  (??? ???????????? ?????????

18
???? ????????? ????? ????? ? ???????? ??? ?
??????, ?
?????????? 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
???? ???????? 78,09 77,98 73,25 80,38 64,06 50,34 48,49
???? ??????? (??? ??????????????, ???????????, ?????????, ????????) 35,05 16,30 38,44 28,25 37,40 35,00 31,05
???? ???????? ????? 61,52 80,65 55,53 67,57 57,99 56,79 61,00
???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????
(?????)
19
???? ?????-???????? ? ???????? ??? ? ?????? ?
????????? ???????, ?
??????? 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
?????? ????????-?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?.?. 97,94 83,47 93,61 66,99 43,58 20,91
?????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ????????- ?????????????? ?.?. 69,99 57,06 42,16 74,99 76,19 84,35
????????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?.?. 69,92 53,83 24,22 14,48 43,81 19,28
??????????-???????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ??????????????? ???????????? 25,91 39,55 39,21 57,90 86,92 74,45 65,88
?????????? ???????????? 28,95 40,07 48,56 22,35 62,80 51,96 63,63
???????????? ????????? ? ????????????? ??????? 46,93 55,59 40,04 4,59 15,89 52,49 7,70
???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????? 34,74 24,99 5,18 19,73 59,41 16,35 38,23
???????????????? ???????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? 97,47 84,60 67,32 95,95 76,17 79,06 46,49
???????????? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ? ?????? 44,95 40,23 49,57 72,31 39,42 52,45 53,50
???????????? ???????????? ??????? ? ???????????? 3,27 1,21 6,45 19,15 9,57 23,88 41,68
???????????? ???????????????????, ???????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? 0,13 4,11 8,15 23,84 23,05 7,71 10,18
20
???? ?????-????????, ?? ???????????
??????????????, ????????, ???????????, ?????????,
? ???????? ??? ? ?????? ? ????????? ???????
??????? 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
?????? ????????-?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?.?. 0,01 2,30 1,16 11,71 21,88 9,79
?????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ????????- ?????????????? ?.?. 0,42 29,08 22,17 49,83 36,47 54,07
????????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?.?. 31,76 41,64 5,92 7,73 43,10 19,28
??????????-???????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ??????????????? ???????????? 10,05 8,44 10,72 10,74 6,90 5,66 7,68
?????????? ???????????? 12,30 3,87 16,78 1,57 1,03 20,19 21,98
???????????? ????????? ? ????????????? ??????? 44,88 28,05 36,59 3,37 12,53 18,08 5,89
???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????? 26,53 5,02 4,40 10,24 53,72 11,71 6,83
???????????????? ???????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? 96,96 76,36 47,22 89,72 60,79 57,60 28,27
???????????? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ? ?????? 25,55 12,97 29,32 29,13 32,33 40,43 20,49
???????????? ???????????? ??????? ? ???????????? 2,81 1,21 2,24 12,69 5,65 7,61 0,32
???????????? ???????????????????, ???????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? 0,12 4,04 8,14 23,83 23,05 7,55 1,50
21
???/?????????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????
??????
???????????? ??????? 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
???????????? ???. 0,02 0,017 0,026 0,006 0,011 0,015 0,011
????????? ???. 0,040 0,021 0,127 0,104 0,222 0,278 0,476
???????????? ???? 0,015 0,002 0,0007 0,000 0,013 0,013 0,018
???????? ???? 0,001 0,006 0,004 0,008 0,021 0,010 0,016
???????????? ???. 0,115 0,224 0,183 0,114 0,095 0,136 0,247
?. ?????? 0,149 0,128 0,209 0,516 0,222 0,241 0,183
?. ?????-????????? 0,027 0,045 0,090 0,065 0,091 0,114 0,044
???????? ???. 1,168 0,026 0,032 0,026 0,011 0,022 0,057
?????? ???. 0,019 2,257 0,066 0,041 0,029 0,084 0,045
????????? ? ????? ?? ?????? 0,095 0,102 0,079 0,106 0,076 0,063 0,046
22
????????? ??????? ??/?????????? ? ????????
??????? ?? ???????? ??????
???????????? ??????? 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
???????????? ???. 0,027 0,017 0,044 0,164 0,571 0,021 0,015
????????? ???. 0,066 0,053 0,189 0,278 0,563 0,595 0,539
???????????? ???? 0,952 0,262 0,043 2,612 0,450 0,028 0,092
???????? ???? 0,189 0,100 0,054 0,047 0,077 0,083 0,114
???????????? ???. 0,615 0,336 0,411 0,327 0,371 0,326 0,487
?. ?????? 1,234 1,565 1,105 2,337 1,053 1,763 3,186
?. ?????-????????? 0,241 0,256 0,738 0,530 0,395 0,524 0,424
??????????? ???. 1,322 1,240 1,064 1,034 1,010 1,543 1,157
?????? ???. 1,334 3,769 0,271 0,221 0,164 0,262 0,247
????????? ? ????? ?? ?????? 0,407 0,420 0,317 0,461 0,293 0,325 0,381
23
?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????
24
?????????
25
?????????????? ?????????

• ??????????????
• ??????????
• ????????????.

26
?????????????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????

• ???????????
• ??????????? ?????????, ??????????????
  ????????????????, ? ?? ?????????? ?????????
• ???????????? ????? ???? 0,02 ?? ???????
• ?? 48 ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????,
  ????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? 6
  ????? ??????????? ?????????.

27

• ???????????? ???????????????????
• 210 ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????
• ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? 5
• ?? 14 ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????,
  ????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ??????
  ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???
  ?????-??????.

28
?????? spill-over-???????

• "???? "??????", ???
• "??????-????????????????? ???????? ???????????
  ???? "??????", ???
• "??????-???????????? ??????????? "??????-??????",
  ???
• "?? "???? ????????", ???
• "?????? ??", ???
• "?????? ???", ???
• "??????-????? ???", ??? (????????????? ?????)
• "????????", ??? ?????????? ??????-???????????
  ???????????.

29

• ??????? ?? ????????!
• E-mail simpfor_at_rambler.ru