Interest Grabber

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Interest Grabber
Section 9-1

• Feel the Burn
• Do you like to run, bike, or swim? These all are
  good ways to exercise. When you exercise, your
  body uses oxygen to get energy from glucose,a
  six-carbon sugar.

1. How does your body feel at the start of
exercise, such as a long, slowrun? How do you
feel 1 minute into the run 10 minutes into the
run? 2. What do you think is happening in your
cells to cause the changesin how you
feel? 3. Think about running as fast as you can
for 100 meters. Could youkeep up this pace for a
much longer distance? Explain your answer.
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Section Outline
Section 9-1

• 91 Chemical Pathways
• A. Chemical Energy and Food
• B. Overview of Cellular Respiration
• C. Glycolysis
• 1. ATP Production
• 2. NADH Production
• D. Fermentation
• 1. Alcoholic Fermentation
• 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation

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Section Outline
Section 9-2

• 92 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport
• A. The Krebs Cycle
• B. Electron Transport
• C. The Totals
• D. Energy and Exercise
• 1. Quick Energy
• 2. Long-Term Energy
• E. Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular
  Respiration

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Figure 92 Cellular Respiration An Overview
Section 9-1
Mitochondrion
Electrons carried in NADH
Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2
Pyruvic acid
Glucose
Electron Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
Glycolysis
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
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Chemical Pathways
Section 9-1
Glucose
Krebs cycle
Electrontransport
Glycolysis
Alcohol or lactic acid
Fermentation (without oxygen)
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Flowchart
Section 9-2
Cellular Respiration
Glucose(C6H1206) Oxygen(02)
Glycolysis
KrebsCycle
ElectronTransportChain
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Water (H2O)
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Figure 93 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain
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Figure 93 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain
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Figure 93 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain
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Figure 96 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid Production
Mitochondrion
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Figure 96 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid Production
Mitochondrion
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Figure 97 Electron Transport Chain
Section 9-2
Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel
Mitochondrion
Intermembrane Space
ATP synthase
Inner Membrane
Matrix
ATP Production
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• WHAT IF THERE ISNT ANY OXYGEN?
• CELLUAR RESPIRATION Anaerobic (fermentation)
• yeast cells alcohol production
• muscle cells lactic acid production

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Figure 94 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
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Figure 94 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
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Figure 94 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
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Pros and Cons of Lactic Acid Fermentation

• Pros your muscle will keep working even without
  sufficient oxygen

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• Cons you feel it, lactic acid causes sore
  muscles and cramping
• Your body will get rid of lactic acid it
  diffuses into blood and goes to liver where it is
  converted back to pyruvic acid ready for O2

LIVER
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RECAP6C6H12O6 6O2 ? 6CO2 6H2O
energy (ATP)

• GLUCOSE becomes
• CO2
• Oxygen is needed
• to accept the electrons at the end of ETC
• CO2 goes
• into blood, lungs, exhaled
• Water is produced when
• O2 collects enough e- and H to become water
• ATP is produced
• in glycolysis, Kreb Cycle and mainly in ETC due
  to chemiosmosis

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• Pyruvic acid is made
• at the end of glycolysis (3C)
• NADH and FADH2 carry
• Electrons and H to the ETC
• Protons (H) build up in the due to
• Intermembrane space, ETC pushing them out
• ATP synthase allows H to and
• Back into the matrix, produces ATPs
• If no oxygen, yeast produce
• ethanol
• If no oxygen, muscle cells produce
• Lactic acid

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• The ETC produces...
• 34 ATPs
• In aerobic respiration, Pyruvic acid is converted
  to
• Acetyl CoA
• The molecule that must be recycled in the Kreb
  cycle is
• Oxaloacetic acid
• The break down of one glucose gives
• 38 total ATP

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• Autotrophs
• Make their own food/chemical energy
• Heterotrophs
• Must eat other things to obtain chemical energy
• Aerobic respiration requires
• Oxygen

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Video Contents
Video Contents

• Click a hyperlink to choose a video.
• Aerobic Respiration
• Glycolysis
• Krebs Cycle, Part 1
• Krebs Cycle, Part 2
• Electron Transport Chain, Part 1
• Electron Transport Chain, Part 2

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Video 1
Video 1
Aerobic Respiration

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Video 2
Video 2
Glycolysis

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Video 3
Video 3
Krebs Cycle, Part 1

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Video 4
Video 4
Krebs Cycle, Part 2

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Video 5
Video 5
Electron Transport Chain, Part 1

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Video 6
Video 6
Electron Transport Chain, Part 2

• Click the image to play the video segment.

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Internet
Go Online

• Links from the authors on Creatine
• Share kimchi lab data
• Interactive test
• For links on cellular respiration, go to
  www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as
  follows cbn-3091.
• For links on the Krebs cycle, go to
  www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as
  follows cbn-3092.

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Section 1 Answers
Interest Grabber Answers
1. How does your body feel at the start of
exercise, such as a long, slowrun? How do you
feel 1 minute into the run 10 minutes into the
run? Students may answer that they feel no
fatigue at the start of a run however, after 1
minute and more so after 10 minutes, they are
breathing hard, their heart rate has increased
significantly, and their muscles may hurt.
2. What do you think is happening in your cells
to cause the changesin how you feel? Students
may say that the increase in heart rate and
breathing rate are a response that gets extra
oxygen to the cells. The pain may be attributed
to the cells becoming fatigued. 3. Think about
running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could
youkeep up this pace for a much longer distance?
Explain your answer. Students may know that very
high levels of performance can be sustained only
very briefly even among the best of athletes.
Students may say that the body runs out of
readily available energy, food, or oxygen, or
that the body builds up too many waste products
in the cells.
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Section 2 Answers
Interest Grabber Answers

• 1. Obtain two sheets of paper and a metric ruler.
  What is the surface area of the paper?
• The area will vary depending on the size of
  paper used. A sheet of notebook paper has an area
  of approximately 600 cm3.
• 2. Roll one sheet of paper into a tube
  lengthwise. What is the surface area of the
  rolled paper?
• The surface area is the same as the original
  sheet of paper.
• 3. Fold the second sheet of paper into a fan.
  Then, roll the firstsheet of paper around the
  folded paper so it is inside the rolled
  paper.What has happened to the surface area of
  the inside of the rolled paper?
• The surface area has increased (surface area of
  rolled paper surface area of folded paper).
• 4. What would be the value of increasing the
  surface area of the membrane inside a
  mitochondrion?
• Increasing the surface area increases the amount
  of space where chemical reactions can take
  place.

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End of Custom Shows

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