Political and Social Change

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LATE MIDDLE AGES

• Political and Social Change

• Magna Carta 1215
• Hundred Years War 1328-1453
• Black Death 1347 - 1351

1000-1500
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Black Death
Excavated Mass Grave of Plague Victims
Martigues, France
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Ring around the rosy A pocketful of
posies"Ashes, Ashes We all fall down!

• The symptoms of the plague included a rosy red
  rash in the shape of a ring on the skin (Ring
  around the rosy)
• Pockets and pouches were filled with sweet
  smelling herbs ( or posies) which were carried
  due to the belief that the disease was
  transmitted by bad smells.
• The term "Ashes Ashes" refers to the cremation of
  the dead bodies!

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More than one Plague?

• Several plagues throughout history
• Justinian plague (558 AD), Black Death
  (1348-1350), pandemic of 1663, Austria 1711,
  Balkans 1770, Surat 1994
• The Black Death of the Middle Ages is the most
  famous of the plagues
• 1/3 to 2/3 of the population of Europe was killed
  (famine, plague, war)
• Abandoned farms lead to food shortages
• Dead officials cause governments to be chaotic
• People developed a fatalistic view of life and
  questioned their faith

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The Black Death was a deadly plague (disease)
that spread across Europe from 1347-1353.
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What caused this deadly Plague How did it
spread? The plague was caused by a bacteria,
Yersinia pestis, carried by fleas living on rats.
When the flea bites the person, they get infected
with the plague.
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Oriental Rat Flea
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The plague started in Mongolia, Asia and spread
to Europe through traders. Rats were living on
ships that traveled from Asia to Europe.
When the ship docked and unloaded the goods, it
also unloaded the rats and fleas.
The plague was also spread through trade along
the Silk Road.
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1.Pneunomic Plague attacked lungs, high fever,
causing coughing sneezing fits, lungs fill
w/fluid, cant breathe. (90-95 death). Spread by
infected droplets of a cough or a sneeze that
another person breathes in.
2.Septicemic Plague in the blood stream, black
spots on skin, people choked on their own blood.
(Most deadly)(100death). Spread by flea bites
or by handling infected animals.
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PNEUMONIC PLAGUE Mortality Rate 90-95
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Septicemic Plague Mortality Rate 100
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3.Bubonic Plague egg sized swellings called
buboes in the neck, armpits, groin, fever,
delirium. (Most common) (75 death) Spread by
flea bites or by handling infected animals.
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Bubonic plague
mortality rate was 75
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Bubonic plague
mortality rate was 75
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How did they try to treat the Plague?
People didnt know what caused the Plague. They
thought it was Gods Wrath, the alignment of the
planets, or the Jews.
They made potions of molasses and chopped snake.
They had leeches suck the poison, out of the
buboes. They massacred Jews. They performed blood
letting.
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What were the Effects of the Plague?
The plague killed 1/3 of Europes population.
(20-25 million)
The Plague had a large impact on feudalism. After
the plague, there was a shortage of workers.
The peasants demanded higher payment for work.
When the feudal lords didnt pay, the peasants
moved to towns to find jobs with better pay. This
led to a decrease in feudalism since people left
the manors.
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Effect on European Civilization
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Doctors Protective Suit