Submitted by:Guided by:

1
FIBER DISTRIBUTED DATA INTERFACE FDDI

• Submitted by Guided by
• Arun Kumar Gupta Mr. Vipin Kaushik
• M.Tech (Opto-Electronics)- II Sem
• Dept. of Applied Physics
• SGSITS, Indore

2
Plan of talk

• History Development
• Introduction
• FDDI Features
  
  
• Working of FDDI
• FDDI Types
• Frame Format
• Applications of FDDI
• Advantages
• Future of FDDI
• Conclusion

3
History Development

• FDDI was considered an attractive campus
  backbone technology in the early to mid 1990s
  since existing Ethernet networks only offered
  10 Mbit/s transfer speeds and Token Ring networks
  only offered 4 Mbit/s or 16 Mbit/s speeds.
• Thus it was the preferred choice of that era for
  a high-speed backbone, but FDDI has since been
  effectively obsoleted by fast Ethernet which
  offered the same 100 Mbit/s speeds, but at a much
  lower cost and, since 1998, by Gigabit Ethernet
  due to its speed, and even lower cost, and
  ubiquity.

4
Introduction

• FDDI LAN standards were developed by
  subcommittee X3T9.5 of ANSI (American National
  Standard Institute)
• A networking technology that uses a dual ring
  topology often with dual networking equipment
  (concentrators, etc.)
• FDDI facilitates redundancy and protection of
  the network.
• If a device fails, the primary and secondary
  rings enter a "wrap" state to form a logical
  connection and thus maintain the logical ring in
  the event of a link failure.
• FDDI is capable of data rates of 100 Mbps over
  fiber optic cable (SMF and MMF).

5
FDDI Features

• Can be implemented over copper (CDDI)
• The fiber optic cables have clear advantages over
  the copper cables. There is more security, and
  the fiber optic cables are more reliable than any
  other wire available.
• The data transfer in the fiber optic cable takes
  place without any electrical signals being
  transmitted.
• The data flow is undeterred and constant through
  a fiber optic cable.
• Long distances can be covered for data flow using
  the fiber optic cable using a single node.
• Maximum of 500 stations
• Media access - Token passing
• Speed - 100Mbps
• Frame Size is large as compared to Ethernet i.e.
  4500 bytes

6
Working of FDDI

• The inside architecture of the FDDI is based on
  the dual rings where the data is flowing in the
  opposite directions.
• There are two levels of rings the primary and the
  secondary.
• Most of the data transmission takes place using
  the primary ring and the secondary is idle.
• However in case the primary does not work the
  secondary takes over the primarys
  functionalities
• It also use optical bypass switch for avoiding
  the wrap

7
Wrap condition
8
Cont
9
Optical Bypass Switch
10
FDDI DAS Ports Attach to the Primary and
Secondary Rings
11
Function of Concentrator
12
FDDI TYPES

• There are two types of fiber distributed data
  interface mainly.
• The Single Mode Interface
• The single mode uses the laser technology
  to generate the light
• rays.
• The Multi Mode Interface.
• The Multimode fiber uses the LED display
  to generate the
• light rays.

13
Cont

• The difference in both these methods is that
  multi mode as the name suggests allows many rays
  at one single point of time to pass and the
  single mode laser allows one ray at one time to
  pass through.
• The angles at which the light reflects on the
  cable are all different so by the time they reach
  the nodes the time at which they arrive is
  different. In a single mode there is no such
  confusion so the data arrives at the node in a
  streamlined fashion.
• The methodology which the multi mode uses is
  called modal dispersion and it is used in an
  environment which has limited boundaries.
• In comparison with the multi node the single
  node will be able to carry more data and deliver
  at a higher speed along with covering larger
  distances.

14
Maximum Distance

•  
• 1300nm LED on Multimode fiber
• 50/125 500 Mhz per Km 1.9 miles
• 62.5/125 500 Mhz per Km 2.9 miles
• 85/125 300 Mhz per Km 1.5 miles
• 100/140 200 Mhz per Km 1 mile

15
Cont.

• 1300nm Laser on Multimode fiber
• 50/125 1,400 Mhz per Km 16.3 miles
• 62.5/125 1,400 Mhz per Km 16.3 miles
• 85/125 400 Mhz per Km 1.8 miles
• 100/140 600 Mhz per Km 2.7 miles
• 1300nm Laser on Single Mode fiber
• 8/125 100,000 Hhz per Km 29.8 miles

16
FDDI frame format
17
Applications of FDDI

• FDDI is used mainly in mission critical and high
  traffic networks where large amounts of data flow
  need to flow quickly and efficiently
• FDDI is used  anywhere that utilizes a large
  network in need of high bandwidth.  Businesses,
  the Government, hospitals and other medical
  fields, stock exchanges and money markets etc.

18
Advantages

• Higher Capacity and Performance than older LANs
• More Simultaneous Transactions
• Higher Availability (dual ring topology)
• Predetermined Performance (adding users have
  minimal impact on throughput)
• Longer Distance Loops (2 kilometers to 100
  kilometer)

19
Future of FDDI

• A newer version of FDDI, called FDDI-2, supports
  the transmission of audio and visual information
  as well as data.
• Another version, FDDI-Full Duplex Technology or
  FFDT, uses the same network setup as FDDI but can
  support twice the data rate, or 200 Mbps. 

20
Conclusion

• After the advent of FDDI internet has advanced to
  a great extent even with common day to day users.
  The internet service providers are able to
  provide better services to the people and are
  able to facilitate internet in a better fashion.
• Since internet has advanced and the number of
  users has increased, more and more businesses
  have started e-commerce applications on the
  internet.
• Because the fiber distributed data interface is
  a safe and secure medium when it comes to cables
  the ecommerce transactions have found a reliable
  media.
• FDDI through single node transfers are widely
  adapted by MNCs for communication between
  different branches.

21
References

• http//www.etutes.com/lesson4/networking_fundament
  als_lesson4_7.htm
• http//wiki.cisco.com/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Data_
  InterfaceFigure_The_FDDI_Frame_Is_Similar_to_Tha
  t_of_a_Token_Ring_Frame
• http//www.laynetworks.com/FDDI.htm
• http//www.arcelect.com/fddi.htm
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Dat
  a_Interface
• Forging FDDI - Selected Areas in Communications,
  IEEE Journal by FE Ross - 2002
• John M.Senior,second edition,page no.885

22
Thank You!