Fiction Verses Non-Fiction

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Fiction Verses Non-Fiction

• By Miss Pankowski Mrs. Mitchell

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Objectives

• Identify the criteria necessary in a nonfiction
  piece.
• Identify the elements of fiction as applied to a
  short story.
• Differentiate a fiction and nonfiction book.

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Elements of Fiction
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Fiction

• Fiction A story from an authors imagination.
• Two Forms
• 1.Short Story
• Can easily be read in one sitting
• Explores one topic
• 2.Novel
• Has a longer more complicated plot

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4 Components of Fiction

• Plot
• The events of the story
• Characters
• The people, animals, or imaginary characters in
  the story

• Setting
• The time and place where the story occurs.
• Theme
• The main message in the story.

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Elements of Non-Fiction
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WHAT IS NONFICTION?

• The subject of nonfiction is real
• The author writes about actual persons, places
  and events.
• The writer may just report facts
• The writer may also include personal opinions
• Often there is a mixture of both
• Readers must read critically

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CRITICAL READING

• Look at writers background
• Look at writers purpose
• Look at writers attitude
• Look at writers audience

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PERSONAL CHRONICLES
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DIARIES AND JOURNALS

• Diaries a private form of writing with no
  further intended audience
• Journals varying styles and topics. Give a
  glimpse of the writers value of his or her world

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LETTERS

• Private Letters
• Public Letter
• Letters can
• Reveal character
• Express opinions
• Ask for information
• Give information
• Audience and Purpose influence tone.

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PERSONAL REFLECTIONS

• Personal Reflections must be memorable and
  significant and
• Give character insight
• Lead to an unexpected conclusion
• Show how a lesson was learned
• Awaken feeling of pity, compassion, joy and
  nostalgia

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Biography

• Written about a persons life or one main event
• Has a plot
• Can be read in one sitting or have many chapters
• Historical biographies include strands of an
  individuals life interwoven with historical
  persons, places and events.

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Autobiography

• The biography of a person written by himself or
  herself.
• Has a plot
• Can be read in one sitting or have many chapters
• Author has some purpose for writing
• To teach
• To gain awareness
• To warn
• Simply to entertain

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MEMOIRS

• A type of autobiographical writing, dealing with
  the recollections of prominent people or people
  who have been a part of or have witnessed
  significant events.
• Considered both autobiographical and historical.

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Encyclopedia

• Information organized by topic
• Topics organized alphabetically
• The entries are short
• Used for research

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JOURNALISM

• Newspapers
• Magazines
• Online sources

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TYPES OF JOURNALISM

• Interviews
• Columns
• Reviews
• Articles
• Editorials
• Editorial Cartoons

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News Paper Articles

• Short
• Can be read in one sitting
• Articles Focuses on one topic or main idea

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Essay

• Can be based on research or personal experience
• Can be read in one sitting
• Written in paragraph form, usually five or more

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TYPES OF ESSAYS

• Formal Essay
• A prose discussion on a serious topic in a
  serious manner, usually rigidly structured and
  organized.

• Informal Essay
• A prose discussion on any topic in a light,
  humorous, amusing manner often loosely
  organized, rambling and casual in approach.

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CHARACTERISTICS of an Essay

• The Formal Essay
• Purpose to inform, explain, convince
• Tone serious, rhetorical, balanced
• The Informal Essay
• Narrative structure
• Tone conversational, sometimes witty and
  humorous

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HUMOR AND THE ESSAY

• Wit
• Incongruity
• The unexpected
• Exaggeration
• Humor
• Ability to show, with sympathy, the things in
  life and human behavior that are funny.

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OTHER TYPES OF ESSAYS

• Comparison and Contrast Essays
• Persuasive Essays
• Cause and Effect Essays

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Interview

• Recorded word for word
• Can be read in one sitting
• May be written in bullet format or like a drama

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Textbook

• Information organized by topic
• Used for reference to inform
• Organized chronologically (by time) or by topic

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OTHER TYPES OF NONFICTION

• Speeches
• Historical Writing
• Science Writing
• Technical writing
• Writing online
• Miscellaneous writing

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ELEMENTS OF NONFICTION

• Characters, Plot, and Setting. Like fiction but
  all are real
• Person in autobiography or biography called a
  subject
• Purpose changes the style and tone of the piece
• Tone (authors attitude toward the topic) -based
  on purpose and audience.

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HOW TO READ NONFICTION

• Try to separate facts from opinions.
• The writer has chosen facts that present a
  certain picture of the subject.
• Think about what might be missing as well as what
  is there.

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MORE READING TIPS

• Think about the writer's purpose.
• Is the writer trying to win you over to his or
  her opinion?
• Learn to appreciate how well a writer says
  something, even when you don't agree.
• Be a critical reader.

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FINAL READING TIPS

• Be aware of the writer's tone.
• Pay attention to what the author reveals about
  himself or herself especially true in
  autobiography

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Questions?