Living system interactions

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Living system interactions

• District Assessment Review

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Cell, tissue, organs, organ systems
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Cardiovascular system- transports needed
materials to body cells, removes waste
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Skeletal system- supports and protects
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Muscular- enables body to move

• muscles
• diaphram

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• What are smooth muscles and where are they
  located?

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• Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles such as
  inside of many internal organs.

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Skin- protects the body- keeps water inside,
sense external environ

• Skin and Hair

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Digestive system-breaks down food, absorbs
nutrients, eliminates waste

• Small large intestine
• Liver
• Stomach
• pancreas

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Digestive system
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Reproductive- creates offspring

• Female- ovaries
• Male- testes

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Endocrine system- controls hormones

• Glands
• Pancreas

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Nervous- obtains process info

• Brain
• Spinal Cord

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Respiratory- gets oxygen into the body, removes
carbon dioxide
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Excretory system- removes wastes- regulate water
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Immune system- fights disease

• Lymphoid organs include
• adenoids
• blood vessels (the arteries, veins, and
  capillaries through which blood flows)
• bone marrow
• lymph nodes
• spleen
• thymus
• tonsils

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Equilibrium

• Balance
• System is stable- parts function smoothly
• Homeostasis

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Homeostasis

• Process by which the bodys internal environment
  is kept stable in spite of change in the external
  environment
• 1. Heart rate
• 2. Breathing rate
• 3. Temperature (body)
• 4. Blood cell count

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Negative feedback

• Living systems maintain internal equilibrium
  (homeostasis) process is turned off by the
  condition it produces
• 1. Levels of sugar (glucose)
• 2. Shivering
• 3. Perspiring
• 4. Turgor pressure in plants helps give shape
  and firmness (wilts- less pressure)

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Hormone

• Chemical produced by an endocrine gland (that
  affects the activity of a tissue or organ)
• Insulin

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Diffusion

• Substances move back and forth through cell
  membrane (high to low)

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Osmosis

• Diffusion of water through a selectively
  permeable membrane

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• Ms. May is not feeling well. She has a fever and
  has been vomiting. What type of internal
  stimulus would cause this type of response?
• A. Heat exhaustion
• B. Invasion of a virus
• C. Freezing temperature
• D. Lack of nutrients in the body

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• Which of the following describes the function of
  the organ shown above?
• A. The transportation of oxygen to the lungs
• B. The transportation of water to the kidneys
• C. The transportation of messages from the brain
• D. The transportation of oxygen and nutrients to
  the body

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• Which of the following happens to your eyes as
  you leave a dark movie theatre and
• walk in to a bright room?
• A. Your pupils dilate.
• B. Your pupils remain the same size.
• C. Your pupils constrict to limit the
  amount of light.
• D. Your pupils dilate to limit the amount of
  light.

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Example of stimulus and response

• Within the context of the integumentary (skin)
  system An ant crawling on your arm disturbs the
  hairs on your arm. You feel that stimulus and
  brush the ant away!

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Example of stimulus and response

• Within the context of the circulatory system If
  foreign invaders such as a bacteria enter your
  body, your body sounds an alert and dispatches an
  army of white blood cells to the wound site to
  attack the invaders.

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Example of stimulus and response

• Within the context of the respiratory system If
  you hold your breath (a conscious act), carbon
  dioxide begins to build up in the blood stream.
  Your body detects this you faint and lose
  consciousness you begin to breathe normally,
  your body receives the oxygen it needs, and you
  return to consciousness.

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Example of stimulus and response

• Within the context of the endocrine system If
  there is too much glucose in your blood stream,
  the pancreas will produce a chemical called
  insulin which enables body cells to take in
  glucose from the blood and use it for energy. If
  the glucose returns to the normal level, the
  production of insulin from the pancreas would
  stop.

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An organ where gas exchange occurs in the

• A. Heart
• B. lung
• C. kidney
• D. brain

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Which of these structures are most abundant in
the human body?

• A. systems
• B. tissues
• C. cells
• D. organs

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Example of stimulus and response

• Within the context of the excretory system If
  you eat the fish with mercury in it, your liver
  will filter the poison out of your body.