LAB SAFETY Honors Chemistry

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LAB SAFETYHonors Chemistry
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Introduction

• Safety in the laboratory should be first and
  foremost
• Accidents in a chemical laboratory may have the
  potential of resulting in serious consequences.
• Common laboratory accidents include cuts, burns,
  contact with corrosive or toxic chemicals, and
  the inhalation of volatile fumes.
• The occurrence of each of these accidents, and
  others, can be minimized if simple safety
  precautions are followed.

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Proper Attire

• Clothing that covers your body and fits
  comfortably should be worn.
• Clothing that is loose can be a hazard and knock
  over glassware or catch fire in a flame.
• Clothing that is tight will hold chemicals close
  against your skin.
• Shoes should protect your feet and not be made of
  cloth (chemicals can leak through) or open-toed.
• Jewelry should be removed watches and rings can
  hold chemicals against the skin.
• Hair should be pulled back
• Rinsed you hands in the sink immediately if you
  touch corrosive chemicals and notify your
  instructor.

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What should I wear in the lab

• if I am going to work with chemicals and flames?
• Goggles, apron, and closed-toe shoes

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Closed Toed Shoes

• The Safety Code of most schools will not approve
  of open foot ware so avoid sandals or flip-flops

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Eye Protection

• Eye protection must always be worn while in a
  chemistry laboratory.
• This is not simply due to common sense, but also
  government regulations. Safety goggles or
  glasses with side shields are needed.
• If a chemical gets into your eyes, you must
  quickly get to the eyewash and flush your eyes
  with water, while rolling them back and forth,
  for no less than 20 minutes.
• Ideally, eye contacts should not be worn in the
  laboratory however, if an accident occurs and
  you have eye contacts in, you must try to remove
  them immediately.

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Personal Safety Goggles

• NO!!!!!!!

• YES!!!!!!!!!

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EYE WASH

• If you get something from the lab in your in your
  eye
• GET IT OUT IMMEDIATELY!
• Run some water through the eyewash fountain
  before you use it.
• Retract your eyelid (hold it open)
• Dont squintthis restricts water access.
• Run fresh water over your eye for several
  minutes.
• Go to the school nurse immediately afterward.

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THINK!

• Accidents in the lab can be prevented!
• You are the most likely cause of an accident!

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Read the Lab First

• Read the lab procedure prior to starting the lab.

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No Horseplay
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Disposing of Matches

• To prevent a possible fire, matches should be
  quenched with water, NOT thrown into the waste
  can directly.

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Wheres the Safety Equipment?

• Fire Extinguishers
• Fire Blanket
• Eye-wash Fountain
• First-Aid Kit
•  

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Fire Safety

• Small fires can be extinguished by covering them
  with a container, such as a beaker, to eliminate
  oxygen.
• Moderately sized fires require the use of a fire
  extinguisher.
• Large fires require the evacuation of the
  building and notifying the fire department.
• If your clothing catches fire, the best
  extinguisher is water from the safety shower.
• If a safety shower is not available, you can fall
  to the floor and cover yourself with a fire
  blanket.
• Make sure you are aware of the location of the
  safety shower and fire blanket prior to
  performing any experiments.
• Synthetic clothing fibers melt during combustion
  and produce hot liquids that stick to the skin.
  It is best to wear natural fibers, such as
  cotton, for fire safety when working in the
  laboratory.

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Fire Extinguishers

• the carbon dioxide extinguisher is red
• To use PASS
• (press, aim, squeeze, spray)

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Safety Shower

• Shower should be used for dire EMERGENCY only!
• Use if your clothing is on fire or if you spilled
  a massive amount of a dangerous chemical on
  yourself and need to get it off rapidly.
• Position yourself (or your lab partner) under the
  safety shower and pull ring

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Fire Blanket

• Wrap it around the victim to smother the fire.

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Fire Extinguisher

• Pull Pin

• Aim

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Fire Extinguisher

• Squeeze the handle to begin operation.

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First Aid Kit 

•  
• These items may be used temporarily for small
  injuries (say, a cut finger) Go to the school
  nurse immediately afterward.
• Do not wait until the end of the day.

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First Aid Kit

• STAY AWAY from BLOOD! Let the victim apply
  his/her own bandage.
• If blood is on the floor or lab table, let
  trained personnel do the clean-up.

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Volatile and Toxic Chemicals

• Many volatile and toxic chemicals must be used in
  a fume hood.
• Many toxic fumes have a pungent smell that can be
  overpowering (e.g., ammonia).
• Other toxic fumes may not be as noxious, but may
  cause respiratory or other health damage.
• It is important not to breathe either of these
  fumes. Fume hoods are enclosed workspaces that
  draw these fumes away from the user and out of
  the building. Most fume hoods have a safety-glass
  window that can be used to shield the user from
  violent or vigorous reactions. Fume hoods can
  also be used to remove flammable fumes that may
  pose a fire hazard.
• Because potentially hazardous chemicals are found
  in the laboratory, it is important not to eat in
  the laboratory to reduce the possibility of
  ingestion of a hazardous chemical.

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FUME HOOD

• Use the HOOD for reactions that give off vapors,
  especially smelly vapors.
• The draft of the HOOD will sweep away vapors so
  that the lab itself maintains reasonable air
  quality

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Broken Glass

• Sweep it up right away
• Dont track in it all period.

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Broken Glass

• Place the broken glass in the designated box.

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Handling of Acids or Bases

• "Vinyl" gloves or "nitrile" gloves (often green
  or blue in color) are preferred.
•  
• You probably will not use extremely dangerous
  materials in high school.

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If the fire alarm rang, be sure to

• Turn off Bunsen burner
• Turn off Electrical equipment
• Shut off Gas valves
• Close chemical containers

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If you need to leave the lab table to go to the
bathroom,

• Be sure someone is watching your lab station
• Shut off the gas valve and electrical equipment

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What should you bring back with you to the lab?

• A. Book Bag
• B. Something to write with
• C. Lab sheet
• D. Textbook
• E. Lunch
• ANSWER B and C

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NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!

• No UNAUTHORIZED experiments!
• These are terrible dangers in unskilled hands.

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NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

• No EATING or DRINKING in the LAB.
• A good practice is to assume everything in the
  lab is toxic.
•  

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No!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

• DO NOT drink from lab equipment.
• NOT EVEN distilled water.

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Pipets

• When using pipets, DO NOT suck the liquid into
  the pipet directly by mouth.
• DO use a rubber bulb to create a vacuum.

NO
YES
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use the beaker tongs to pick up hot beakers

• Remember hot and cold glassware looks alike

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Never use glassware that is

• Chipped
• Dirty
• Cracked

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Testing of Odors

• Do NOT smell the flask directly.
•  

NO
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Wafting YES

• If you absolutely must test the odor, carefully
  waft the vapor from the flask toward your nose
  with your hand.
• Keep the flask quite distant from your face.
•  

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Heating Test Tubes

• Make sure that reaction tubes, e.g. test tubes,
  are not directed toward yourself or other
  persons.
• The chemicals may splatter out the tube.
•  

NO
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Heating Test Tubes

• Aim away from you and all people!

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DO NOT add WATER to ACIDS

• DO NOT add WATER to CONCENTRATED ACID.
• The heat generated may cause splattering.

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Do add Acids to Water

• DO add ACID to WATER instead of the reverse order
  of addition.
• The heat generated will be less, but splattering
  still may occur.