Behavioral%20Methods%20for%20Changing%20Respondent%20Behavior

1
Behavioral Methods for Changing Respondent
Behavior

Dr. Alan H. Teich Chapter 6
2
Factors Influencing Respondent Conditioning

• Strength of the CR
• Relevance of US-CS relations
• Overshadowing
• Blocking
• Latent inhibition

3
Second Order Conditioning
UCR Dislike CR CR
Foie Gras UCS Geese Ducks
4
Conditioned Emotional Responses (CERs)

• Learning
• Biological / genetic factors

5
Functional Analyses in Respondent Behavior

• Antecedents original or generalized CSs
• Measuring antecedents
• Assessing respondent behaviors
• Consequences

6
Operant and Classical Control of Substance Abuse

• Operant control
• Take Rx pleasant feeling
• eliminate withdrawal
• Respondent control
• Rx paraphernalia

7
Respondent Conditioning and Chemotherapy

• Chemotherapy used with cancer patients can cause
  nausea as a side effect
• anticipatory nausea can cause sickness just prior
  to treatment
• food aversion can develop with tastes associated
  with treatment

8
Extinction and Counterconditioning Methods

• Extinction
• Flooding
• Systematic desensitization
• Vicarious desensitization

9
Hierarchy of Fear of Heights

• 1. Standing at a closed upper-floor window and
  looking out. (SUDS 5)
• 2. Standing on a stepladder, 3 feet from the
  floor, to change a light bulb. (SUDS 15)
• 3. Standing on a balcony near the railing,
  several stories above the ground. (SUDS 25)
• 4. Walking on flat ground above a mountain cliff,
  20 feet from the edge. (SUDS 35)

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Hierarchy of Fear of Heights (continued)

• 5. Walking on flat ground above a mountain cliff,
  5 feet from the edge. (SUDS 45)
• 6. Hiking on a steep trail. When cliffs are very
  near, there are guard rails. (SUDS 55)
• 7. Being a passenger in a car traveling at the
  speed limit on a narrow and winding mountain
  road. When cliffs occur, there are guard rails.
  (SUDS 65)

11
Hierarchy of Fear of Heights (continued)

• 8. Being on an extension ladder outside a house,
  cleaning a second-story window. (SUDS 75)
• 9. Climbing up a 50-foot high water tower, using
  a ladder with handrails. (SUDS 85)
• 10. Standing on a moderately sloped roof of a
  house. (SUDS 95)

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Tips on Using Systematic Desensitization

• Make sure those involved understand the
  procedure, its purpose, and its effectiveness
• Personalize the hierarchy
• Maximize experience with the CS
• Use imaginal CSs when necessary but prefer in
  vivo stimuli
• Have an assistant present if SUDs are high
• Keep CS rankings available for reference

13
Tips on Using Systematic Desensitization
(continued)

• Make sure the target individual has mastered the
  relaxation exercises
• Do not rush through the procedure
• Do not make sessions too long
• Schedule sessions at least once or twice per week
• Withdraw the CS if the person cannot relax in the
  presence of it - reassess your strategy