Ketones and Aldehydes

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Ketones and Aldehydes
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Aldehyde? What?

• Aldehyde An organic molecule with an oxygen
  double bonded to one of the two outer carbons on
  the chain.

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Aldehyde Nomenclature

• Ignore the oxygen and name
• Remove the 'e' from the end of the name
• Add 'al' to the end
• That is now the name of the aldehyde

• ?
• ? Pentane
• Pentane ? Pentan
• Pentan ? Pentanal
• Pentanal

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Aldehyde Common Nomenclature

• Get the name of the carboxilic acid closest to
  representing the molecule
• Remove 'ic Acid'
• Add 'aldehyde'
• That is now the name of your original molecule

• ?
• ? Formic Acid
• Formic Acid ? Form
• Formaldehyde
• Formaldehyde

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Ketone? What?

• Ketone An organic molecule with an oxygen double
  bonded to an inner carbon on the chain

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Ketone Nomenclature

• Ignore the oxygen and name
• Remove the 'e' at the end
• Add 'one' to the end
• Number the carbons and place the oxygen
• That is now the name of the original molecule

• ?
• ?Pentane
• Pentane ? Pentan
• Pentan ? Pentanone
• Pentanone?3-Pentanone
• 3-Pentanone

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Ketone Common Nomenclature

• Split the molecule into two sections, the carbons
  before and after the ketone
• Name the sections
• Turn the sections into groups and put it together
  with 'ketone' at the end

• ?
• ?
• ? Methane
• ? Ethane
• Methyl Ethyl Ketone

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It's a simple question of weight ratios!

• Priorities
• Carboxilic Acid
• Esters
• Aldehyde
• Ketone
• Alcohols
• Amines
• Ethers
• Everything Else

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The Uses of Aldehyde and Ketones (and the
uselessness of titles)

• Aldehydes used in the manufacturing of resins,
  dyes, and organic acids
• Ketones used in perfumes and paints as a
  stabilizer
• Formaldehyde Used in tanning, preserving, and
  embalming and as a germicide, fungicide, and
  insecticide for plants and vegetables
• Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) solvent, poison, used
  in rubber based cement and ink

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Stop. Who would cross the Bridge of Death must
answer me these questions three, ere the other
side he see.

• 3,4-dimethyl 3-phenyl 2-pentanone
• 2,4,6 tripentyl heptanal

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Then shalt thou count to three, no more, no less.
Three shall be the number thou shalt count, and
the number of the counting shall be three. Four
shalt thou not count, neither count thou two,
excepting that thou then proceed to three. Five
is right out.One... Two... Five!!!Three
Sir!THREE!!
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LAB TIME!!!