Foundations of Islamic Beliefs

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Foundations of Islamic Beliefs

• Global History I Spiconardi

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The Five Pillars of Islam

• Faith (shahada) ? La ilah illa Allah wa Muhammad
  rasul Allah, meaning There is no God but the
  one God and Muhammad is His prophet.

• Prayer (salat) ? Muslims must recite 5 daily
  prayers
• Muslims must perform a ritual bathing before
  prayer (wudu)

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The Five Pillars of Islam

• Prayer (Salat)
• Muezzin Person who calls Muslims to the mosque
  for prayer or Friday services

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The Five Pillars of Islam

• Almsgiving (zakat) ? a tax is levied on those
  living above subsistence and the tax is then
  supposed to be redistributed to the poor

• Fasting (saum) ? No food, drink, smoking or sex
  from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of
  Ramadan

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The Five Pillars of Islam

• Pilgrimage (Hajj) ? Every able-bodied Muslim must
  make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their
  lifetime

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The Five Pillars of Islam The Hajj
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Ramadan

• Ramadan ? month of fasting and worshipping that
  evokes piety
• Fasting promotes self-discipline and spiritual
  awareness
• Celebrates when the Quran was first revealed to
  Muhammad
• New crescent moon starts Ramadan, while new moon
  ends Ramadan
• Eid al-Fitr feast that ends Ramadan

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Quran (Koran)

• Quran ? Islamic holy book
• Considered the very word of Allah
• Arabic for recitation since Muhammad recited
  what the angel Gabriel told him
• Difficult to translate
• No one version

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Hadith

• Hadith ? collection of the sayings and traditions
  of Muhammad
• Sunna ? The example of Muhammad (What would
  Muhammad do?)

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The Shariah

• The Shariah ? The way
• Body of laws and rules that regulate Islamic life
• No alcohol
• No pork
• Not allowed to depict living things
• Countries like Iran base their laws on the
  Shariah
• Mufti ? experts on Islamic law