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A Tour of the Cell

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Title: Cells, Organelles, and Movement Through A Membrane Author: fcss Last modified by: amanda.dyer Created Date: 9/13/2005 4:34:06 PM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: A Tour of the Cell


1
A Tour of the Cell
  • Chapter 6
  • Biology Campbell Reece

2
How We Study Cells
  • Microscopes
  • Magnification
  • Resolving Power or resolution
  • 3 types of microscopes
  • Light Microscopes a beam of light passes
    through the object, magnify up to 1000x,
    resolution of 0.2µm
  • Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) passes a
    beam of electrons through the object, greater
    magnification, resolution of 2nm
  • Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) passes a
    beam of electrons over the surface of the object,
    creates a 3-D image

3
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4
Compound Light Microscope
5
Transmission Electron Microscope
6
Scanning Electron Microscope
7
Isolating Organelles
  • Cell fractionation take cells apart and
    separate the major organelles
  • Homogenization the disruption of cells
  • Centrifuge at low speed separates the soup
    into a pellet and a supernatant
  • The supernatant is then centrifuged at higher
    speed
  • The process is repeated multiple times at higher
    speeds

8
Cell Fractionation
9
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
  • All cells have plasma membrane, cytosol,
    chromosomes, and ribosomes
  • Prokaryotic cells
  • No membrane-bound nucleus
  • Ex. bacteria
  • Eukaryotic cells
  • Have a membrane-bound nucleus
  • Usually larger than prokaryotic cells
  • Ex. Human skin cell

10
Surface Area vs. Volume
  • Larger organisms do not generally have larger
    cells, they have more cells

11
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13
REMINDER
  • You are responsible for the information cell
    parts organelles (pages 100-119)
  • Questions on the test may come from these pages!!!

14
Extracellular Matrix
  • Although they do not have a cell wall, animal
    cells do have an extracellular matrix made up of
    collagen, proteoglycans, fibronectins, and
    integrins

15
Intercellular Junctions
  • Plasmodesmata channels in cell walls (connects
    one plant cell to another)

16
Intercellular Junctions
  • 3 types in animal cells
  • Tight junctions membranes of neighboring cells
    are fused
  • Ex. between skin cells
  • Desmosomes (anchoring junction) cells held
    together by filaments
  • Ex. attach muscle cells to each other
  • Gap junctions cytoplasmic channels between
    adjacent animal cells (similar to plasmodesmata)

17
Intercellular Junctions (in animal cells)
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