Incan Civilization

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Incan Civilization
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Where and When

• 1400-1500 A.D.
• Andes Mtns. in South America (modern-day Peru)
• Valley of Cuzco
• 1200s small kingdoms established
• 1438 empire established
• 1500 empire stretched 2,500 miles

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Temples, Palaces Religious Beliefs

• Polytheistic
• Chief creator god Viracocha
• Sun god Inti
• Incan ruler worshipped as descendant of Inti
• Temples, monthly festivals, powerful priests,
  offerings to gods (mountain sacrifices)

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Social Classes and Government

• Rule by god-king who had absolute power
• Empire too large for one ruler
• Divided territories into smaller units, ruled by
  nobility
• Central bureaucracy
• Efficiency of bureaucracy policies reached every
  village
• Single official language Quechua
• Arranged marriages

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Learning Advancements Achievements

• Terrace farming
• Calendar
• Medicine and herbs
• Performed complex surgery
• Extensive road system

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Main Cities and Features

• Major Cities
• Capital Cuzco
• Machu Picchu
• Grew corn, cotton, squash, beans and potatoes
• Pottery and weaving
• Llamas/alpacas
• Extensive road system

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Ruins of Machu Picchu
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All Roads lead to Cuzco!
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Inti Festival at Cuzco in Peru
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Decline

• Francisco Pizarro (Spanish conquistador)
• Tricked Ataluapa (Incan emperor) into giving
  treasure for his life, then had him burned at the
  stake

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Francisco Pizzaro