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EUMETSATs CM-SAF CDOP2 science overview Rainer
Hollmann Deutscher Wetterdienst
(DWD) http//www.cmsaf.eu
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Content

• Participants
• CM SAF in CDOP
• CM SAF definitions
• User communities history
• CDOP2 portfolio of CM SAF
• Generation of CDRs
• CDR examples
• Summary

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Participants II
Which course of this event week have you
attended? Please vote

• 1st - CM SAF Overview (Christine
  Träger-Chatterjee)
• 2nd - Introduction to Software Tools (Jörg
  Trentmann )
• 3rd -Cloud Retrieval (Karl Göran Karlsson)
• 4th - The AVHRR Globala Climate Dataset of
  Clouds and Radiation (Karl Göran Karlsson)
• 5th - Top-of-the-atmosphere Radiation Parameters
  (Nicolas Clerbaux)
• 6th - Surface Radiation Retrieval (Rebekka
  Posselt )
• 7th - Surface Radiation Climate Dataset from
  Meteosat (Rebekka Posselt)
• 8th - Operational Products on Clouds and
  Radiation (Anke Kniffka)
• 9th - The Ocean Climate Data Set HOAPS (Karsten
  Fennig)
• 10th - Global Moisture and Temperature
  operational Products (Nathalie Courcoux)

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Content

• Participants
• CM SAF in CDOP
• CM SAF definitions
• User communities history
• CDOP2 portfolio of CM SAF
• Generation of CDRs
• CDR examples
• Summary

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Product vs Data Set
Longterm
Short and Intermediate Term
Observing system performance monitoring
automated corrections
Archived Satellite Data Records
Fundamental Climate Data Records
Re-calibration Inter-calibration,
Satellite Data
Reprocessing
Operational Products
Thematical Climate Datasets

• generated on a monthly basis
• First-order satellite calibration
• Algorithm and input data not homogeneous over
  time
• Resulting time series not applicable for all
  climate monitoring purposes, e.g. trend estimation

• Generated on an irregular basis, e.g. every 2
  years
• Calibrated and homogenized satellite data
• Algorithm and auxiliary input data homogeneous
  over time
• Resulting time series fully applicable for
  climate monitoring purposes, including trend
  estimation

Longer term climate variability climate change
analysis
Operational Climate monitoring
Schulz (2009), adapted
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Sustained Climate Information Flow

• CM SAF is part of the EUMETSAT Ground Segment
• Project-cycle is 5 years.

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Sustained Climate Information Flow
CM SAF IOP/2004
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Sustained Climate Information Flow
CM SAF CDOP/2007
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Sustained Climate Information Flow
CM SAF CDOP2/2012
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Users products
Operational Products
Cloud products
Thematical Climate Datasets

• Cloud phase (CPH)
• Cloud top pressure / temperature / height (CTP /
  CTT / CTH)
• Cloud water path (CWP)
• Cloud type (CTY)
• Cloud optical thickness (COT)

• Integrated water vapor (HTW)
• Cloud Albedo (CAL)
• Solar irradiation at the surface (SIS)
• Direct irradiation at the surface (SID)
• HOAPS
• Precipitation
• Evaporation
• Specific humidity
• Wind
• latent heat

TOA Radiation products

• TOA incoming solar radiation (TIS)
• TOA emitted thermal radiation (TET)
• TOA reflected solar radiation (TRS)

Surface Radiation products

• Surface downwelling longwave radiation (SDL)
• Surface netto longwave radiation (SNS)
• Surface outgoing longwave (SOL)
• Direct irradiation at the surface (SID)
• Surface radiation budget (SRB
• Surface netto shortwave (SNS)
• Surface Albedo (SAL)

Water Vapour/Temp. products

• Layered watervapor, temperature, humidity (HLW)
• Layered temperature, specific humidiy (HSH)
• Vertically integrated water vapor (HTW)

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Users products
Operational Products
Indicate (e.g. with a star) which product have
you been using/ ordering / planning to use!
Cloud products

• Cloud phase (CPH)
• Cloud top pressure / temperature / height (CTP /
  CTT / CTH)
• Cloud water path (CWP)
• Cloud type (CTY)
• Cloud optical thickness (COT)

Thematical Climate Datasets
TOA Radiation products

• Integrated water vapor (HTW)
• Cloud Albedo (CAL)
• Solar irradiation at the surface (SIS)
• Direct irradiation at the surface (SID)
• HOAPS
• Precipitation
• Evaporation
• Specific humidity
• Wind
• latent heat

• TOA incoming solar radiation (TIS)
• TOA emitted thermal radiation (TET)
• TOA reflected solar radiation (TRS)

Surface Radiation products

• Surface downwelling longwave radiation (SDL)
• Surface netto longwave radiation (SNS)
• Surface outgoing longwave (SOL)
• Direct irradiation at the surface (SID)
• Surface radiation budget (SRB
• Surface netto shortwave (SNS)
• Surface Albedo (SAL)

Water Vapour/Temp. products

• Layered watervapor, temperature, humidity (HLW)
• Layered temperature, specific humidiy (HSH)
• Vertically integrated water vapor (HTW)

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Users products

• Orders show
• strong demand of climate data sets
• demand for higher spatial / temporal resolution
• demand for Climate services

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Targeted User Communities

• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• high quality Climate Data Records (CDR) are
  expected e.g. for climate studies in contribution
  to IPCC.
• Thematic Climate Data Records (TCDR) from CM SAF
  will provide consistent information on Essential
  Climate Variables (ECV) related to the global
  energy and water cycle supporting closure studies

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Targeted User Communities

• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• high quality Climate Data Records (CDR) are
  expected e.g. for climate studies in contribution
  to IPCC.
• Thematic Climate Data Records (TCDR) from CM SAF
  will provide consistent information on Essential
  Climate Variables (ECV) related to the global
  energy and water cycle supporting closure studies

• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• use of Climate Data Records for model
  evaluations, feedback studies, and uncertainty
  studies
• these datasets needed at high(er) temporal and
  spatial resolutions
• most recent satellite instrument, only cover
  short time periods.

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Targeted User Communities

• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• high quality Climate Data Records (CDR) are
  expected e.g. for climate studies in contribution
  to IPCC.
• Thematic Climate Data Records (TCDR) from CM SAF
  will provide consistent information on Essential
  Climate Variables (ECV) related to the global
  energy and water cycle supporting closure studies

• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• use of Climate Data Records for model
  evaluations, feedback studies, and uncertainty
  studies
• these datasets needed at high(er) temporal and
  spatial resolutions
• most recent satellite instrument, only cover
  short time periods.

• Climate service and infrastructure planning
• long term Climate Data Records (of ECVs) AND near
  real time operational products required
• Consistent climate datasets and according near
  real time operational products needed (identical
  algorithm and auxilliary data)

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Targeted User Communities
Where do you (best) belong to? gt Nummer oder
Farben für die einzelnen Segment nutzen.

• Survey here

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Content

• Participants
• CM SAF in CDOP
• CM SAF definitions
• User communities history
• CDOP2 portfolio of CM SAF
• Generation of CDRs
• CDR examples
• Summary

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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
Operations
Maturity
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
Operations
Maturity
2 - Experimental
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
Operations
Maturity
3 - Provisional
2 - Experimental
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
Operations
4 - Demonstrated
Maturity
3 - Provisional
2 - Experimental
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
Operations
5 - Sustained
4 - Demonstrated
Maturity
3 - Provisional
2 - Experimental
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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CDR Generation An Evolutionary process
6 - Benchmark
Operations
5 - Sustained
4 - Demonstrated
Maturity
3 - Provisional
2 - Experimental
Research
1 - Initial
Courtesy J. Bates
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Scientific Requirements to climate Data

• Sufficiently long time series

Quality controled
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Additional Requirements to Climate Data Records
Climate data record time series of
measurements of sufficient length,consistency,
and continutity to determine climate variablility
and change (NRC, 2000)
Transparent
Open accountable in every aspect
Sustainable
Potential for long-term maintenance
Preserved
Secure in perpetuity
Forward compability in accomodating new data from
existing or new instruments
Extensible
Accessible
Easy obtainable, affordable and understandable
Scientifically defensible
Based on testable hypotheses and methodologies
that have been peer reviewed
Continuously assessed/improved
Evaluated on a schedule basis, possibility to
incorporate better/improved methods
Reproducible
Producing consistent results within machine
rounding errors
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Product portfolio in CDOP2
Sensor, Satellite resp. Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)
SSM/I, SSMIS SSM/I, SSMIS Microwave Radiances 2014 2016 1987 - 2012 1987 - 2014 global ice free ocean
Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)
SEVIRI SEVIRI Cloud parameters, aerosol optical depth 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
GERB/SEVIRI GERB/SEVIRI Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI MVIRI/SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, land surface temp., FTH 2014 2016 1983 - 2012 1983 - 2015 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 1982 - 2014 Europe Africa
AVHRR GAC AVHRR GAC Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, incl. albedo 2014 2016 1982 - 2013 1978 - 2015 global
TOVS/ATOVS TOVS/ATOVS (high) cloud amount and top 2016 1984 - 2009 global
SSM/I, SSMIS SSM/I, SSMIS HOAPS 2015 2017 1987 - 2012 1987 - 2014 global ice free ocean
Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation Cloud parameters, surface radiation monthly 2005 - today Europe Africa
SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes monthly 2004 - today Europe Africa
AVHRR Cloud parameters, surface radiation, surface albedo Cloud parameters, surface radiation, surface albedo monthly gt 2014 global
ATOVS Water vapour, temperature Water vapour, temperature monthly 2004 - today global
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Product portfolio in CDOP2
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Main Application Areas
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)
SSM/I, SSMIS Microwave Radiances 2014 2016 1987 2012 1987 - 2014
Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, aerosol optical dep. 2015 2004 - 2014
GERB/SEVIRI Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 2004 - 2014
MVIRI/SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, land surface temp., FTH 20142016 1983 20121983 - 2015
MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 1982 - 2014
AVHRR GAC Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, incl. albedo 20142016 1982 20131978 - 2015
TOVS/ATOVS (high) cloud amount and top 2016 1984 - 2009
SSM/I, SSMIS HOAPS 20152017 1987 20121987 - 2014
Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation monthly 2005 - today
SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes monthly 2004 - today
AVHRR Cloud parameters, surface radiation param., incl. albedo monthly gt 2014
ATOVS Water vapour, temperature monthly 2004 - today
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Content

• Participants
• CM SAF in CDOP
• CM SAF definitions
• User communities history
• CDOP2 portfolio of CM SAF
• Generation of CDRs
• CDR examples
• Summary

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New Products examples
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)

Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)




AVHRR GAC Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, incl. albedo 20142016 1982 20131978 - 2015 global


Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)


AVHRR Cloud parameters, surface radiation, surface albedo monthly gt 2014 global

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New Products examples (I)
AVHRR GAC data sets CLARA (1978-2013/2015)

• Edition 2 (2014) Improved dependencies on
  surface characteristics (albedo, emissivity),
  probabilistic cloud mask,
• Edition 3 (2016) Extension 1978-1981 1982
  2009 2010 - 2015, calibration / navigation
  upgrades, orbital drift corrections

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AVHRR GAC Editions in CDOP2 Improvement of
homogeneity

• First GAC edition show signs of artificial trends
  due to e.g. inhomogeneous temporal sampling (see
  above)
• New editions aim for reduction of
  inhomogeneities, improving error estimations and
  upgrading algorithms

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New Products examples (II)
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)
SSM/I, SSMIS Microwave Radiances 20142016 1987 20121987 - 2014 global ice free ocean
Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)






SSM/I, SSMIS HOAPS 20152017 1987 20121987 - 2014 global ice free ocean





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HOAPS editions

• Extend in time with SSMIS
• Update retrieval schemes.
• Include uncertainty estimates.

Apply triple collocation to separate uncertainty
terms.
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New Products examples (III)
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)

Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, aerosol optical dep. 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
GERB/SEVIRI Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, land surface temp., FTH 20142016 1983 20121983 2015 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 1982 2014 Europe Africa



Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation monthly 2005 - today Europe Africa
SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes monthly 2004 - today Europe Africa


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European Heatwave 2003
Land Surface Temperature Anomalies for
July/August 2003 (MODIS / Terra - Product)
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European Heatwave 2003
Land Surface Temperature Anomalies for
July/August 2003 (MODIS / Terra - Product)
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Land Surface Temperature for MFG and MSG

• Usage and Motivation
• Climate monitoring of drought conditions (e.g.
  Europe 2003!)
• Essential physical state variable for land
  surface processes
• Constraint for outgoing longwave radiation and
  turbulent land fluxes
• Target Accuracy
• 1 K bias, 2 K, 1.5 K, 1.0 K rmse (hourly / daily
  / monthly)
• Algorithm Satellite (MVIRI/SEVIRI)
• 10.8 um only based on published method of LSA SAF

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New Products examples (IV)
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)




MVIRI/SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, land surface temp., FTH 2014 2016 1983 - 2012 1983 - 2015 Europe Africa




Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)




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MVIRI/SEVIRI data set
MAGICSOL CDR seasonal means of cloud albedo (top,
CAL), solar direct (middle, SID, and solar
radiation (bottom, SIS).

• MVIRI /SEVIRI data sets (1982-2014)
• Editions (2014, 2016) Extension 1982(?) 1983
  2005 2012-2014,
• Upgrade calibration, Improvements of Heliosat
  method

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MFG vs. MSG Cloud Mask Evaluation
MSG
MFG (simulated)
Development towards a consistent satellite
independent cloud mask
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MFG vs. MSG Cloud Mask Evaluation
MSG
MFG (simulated)
MSG mean CFC 43
MSG mean CFC 42
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New Products examples (V)
Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)

Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)

GERB/SEVIRI Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa





Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)




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MVIRI/SEVIRI TOA radiation budget

• Empirical method for MVIRI/SEVIRI and GERB
• Based on MVIRI/SEVIRI FCDRs and model of spectral
  degradation
• 1982-2014, (0.05)² resolution

Time series of the MVIRI visible radiances for
different scene types, after correction of
spectral degradation.
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MVIRI/SEVIRI TOA radiation budget

• El Chichon, Mt. Pinatubo? Please mark!

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Product portfolio in CDOP2
Sensor, Satellite resp. Sensor, Satellite resp. Parameter Release date Period Coverage
Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR)
SSM/I, SSMIS SSM/I, SSMIS Microwave Radiances 2014 2016 1987 - 2012 1987 - 2014 global ice free ocean
Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR) Climate Data Record (CDR)
SEVIRI SEVIRI Cloud parameters, aerosol optical depth(?) 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
GERB/SEVIRI GERB/SEVIRI Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 2004 - 2014 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI MVIRI/SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, land surface temp., FTH 2014 2016 1983 - 2012 1983 - 2015 Europe Africa
MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB MVIRI/SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes 2015 1982 - 2014 Europe Africa
AVHRR GAC AVHRR GAC Cloud parameters, surface radiation parameters, incl. albedo 2014 2016 1982 - 2013 1978 - 2015 global
TOVS/ATOVS TOVS/ATOVS (high) cloud amount and top 2016 1984 - 2009 global
SSM/I, SSMIS SSM/I, SSMIS HOAPS 2015 2017 1987 - 2012 1987 - 2014 global ice free ocean
Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR) Environmental Data Record (EDR)
SEVIRI Cloud parameters, surface radiation Cloud parameters, surface radiation monthly 2005 - today Europe Africa
SEVIRI/GERB Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes Top of atmosphere radiative fluxes monthly 2004 - today Europe Africa
AVHRR Cloud parameters, surface radiation, surface albedo Cloud parameters, surface radiation, surface albedo monthly gt 2014 global
ATOVS Water vapour, temperature Water vapour, temperature monthly 2004 - today global
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What do you think is missing?
Participants to use text-functionality
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Content

• Participants
• CM SAF in CDOP
• CM SAF definitions
• User communities history
• CDOP2 portfolio of CM SAF
• Generation of CDRs
• CDR examples
• Summary

48
Summary

• CM SAF exploits satellite based remote sensing
  data to derive Climate Data Records (CDR) for
  Essential Climate Variables (ECV) with special
  emphasis on three target user groups
• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• Climate service and infrastructure planning

49
Summary

• CM SAF exploits satellite based remote sensing
  data to derive Climate Data Records (CDR) for
  Essential Climate Variables (ECV) with special
  emphasis on three target user groups
• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• Climate service and infrastructure planning
• CM SAF develops and improves methods to derive
  CDRs on an operational basis and in a sustained
  mode.

50
Summary

• CM SAF exploits satellite based remote sensing
  data to derive Climate Data Records (CDR) for
  Essential Climate Variables (ECV) with special
  emphasis on three target user groups
• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• Climate service and infrastructure planning
• CM SAF develops and improves methods to derive
  CDRs on an operational basis and in a sustained
  mode.
• CM SAF maintains and provides an operational and
  sustained infrastructure that can serve the
  community within the transition of mature CDR
  products from the research into operational
  environments.

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Summary

• CM SAF exploits satellite based remote sensing
  data to derive Climate Data Records (CDR) for
  Essential Climate Variables (ECV) with special
  emphasis on three target user groups
• Global and regional climate trends and
  variability analysis
• Support to global and regional climate modelling
• Climate service and infrastructure planning
• CM SAF develops and improves methods to derive
  CDRs on an operational basis and in a sustained
  mode.
• CM SAF maintains and provides an operational and
  sustained infrastructure that can serve the
  community within the transition of mature CDR
  products from the research into operational
  environments.
• CM SAF complement and improve its portfolio of
  CDRs of the global energy and water cycle