Building Vocabulary from Word Roots

1
Building Vocabulary from Word Roots

• Lesson 4
• Greek Prefixes eu-, ev-, dys-

2
eu-, ev-

• The Greek prefix eu- or ev- means good,well.

3
dys-

• The Greek prefix dys- means bad, improper.
• Like other Greek prefixes (a-, an-), eu-, ev-,
  and dys- usually attach to Greek bases and
  generate vocabulary that is scientific,
  technical, or medical in nature.

4
Eu-

• This prefix consistently appears as eu- when it
  attaches to a base beginning with a consonant.
• eu log (word) eulogy
• (a good word said about someone at a funeral)
• eu pheme (word) euphemism
• (good way to say something that is negative in
  nature)

5
Ev-

• If the base of the word begins with a vowel or
  the letter h, we use ev- to make the word easier
  to pronounce.
• There is only one word family in the English
  language that uses the ev- prefix angel
• ev angel (messenger) evangelism
• (bringing good news to others)

6
Interesting Eu- Words

• Eu calypt (cover) eucalyptus
• (this plant is so named because its buds are
  well covered by cones it is the only food
  source for koala bears)
• Eu gen (birth, produce) Eugene
• (a mans name that literally means well born
  or noble)
• Eu nike (victory) Eunice
• (a womans name that literally means good
  victory one famous woman with this name was
  Eunice Kennedy Shriver, President John F.
  Kennedys sister)

7
Dys-

• The dys- prefix is often found in words that
  describe improper functioning of the body
• dys topos(place) dystopia
• (bad community where people often live fearful
  lives)
• dys troph (growth) dystrophy
• (improper growth)

8
Practice

• Use the context clues to determine what each of
  these eu-, ev-, and dys- words has to do with
  good, well or bad, improper.
• The evangelist preached to many people, but the
  televangelist was able to reach millions.
• Second-hand is often a euphemism for used.
• Since he suffered from dyspepsia, he could not
  eat certain foods.
• Some people with dysfunctional kidneys need a
  kidney transplant.
• Eugenics and euthanasia are controversial
  life-and-death issues.

9
Practice

1. The evangelist preached to many people, but the
   televangelist was able to reach millions.
   Evangelist is someone who shares the good news,
   often the bible a televangelist shares the good
   news through the television
2. Second-hand is often a euphemism for used. a
   good or polite way of saying something
   perceived as negative
3. Since he suffered from dyspepsia, he could not
   eat certain foods. bad digestion or an upset
   stomach
4. Some people with dysfunctional kidneys need a
   kidney transplant. bad function or not working
   properly
5. Eugenics and euthanasia are controversial
   life-and-death issues. Eugenics is good birth
   or genetically engineering the creation of a
   desirable being euthanasia is good death
   or a painless death used to end suffering

10
Practice

• Use the definitions of the bases, prefixes, and
  suffixes, if provided, and the context of the
  sentence to determine the meaning of the bolded
  words.
• The touching eulogy and euphonious music made
  them feel euphoric despite their sadness.
• (the base log means word the base phon means
  sound the base phor means agent or bearer)

11
Practice

• The touching eulogy and euphonious music made
  them feel euphoric despite their sadness.
• Eulogya speech of good or kind words about a
  deceased person
• Euphonious sounding good or pleasing to the
  listener
• Euphoric bearing or having a good feeling

12
Practice

• Use the definitions of the bases, prefixes, and
  suffixes, if provided, and the context of the
  sentence to determine the meaning of the bolded
  words.
• They had dysphonia from too much shouting and
  dysentery from too much eating, so they felt
  dysphoric even though their team won the game.
• (the base phon means sound, the base enteron
  means intestine, the base phor means agent or
  bearer)

13
Practice

• They had dysphonia from too much shouting and
  dysentery from too much eating, so they felt
  dysphoric even though their team won the game.
• Dysphoniaa bad sound laryngitis or a hoarse
  voice
• Dysentery bad intestines a digestive
  illness in the intestines
• Dysphoric bearing bad having a bad feeling

14
Test Prep

• Eu-, ev- --these prefixes mean _________,
  _________
• When a lake becomes full of phosphorous,
  nitrogen, and other plant nutrients, it undergoes
  a process called eutrophication. This makes the
  lake more productive or fertile, which in turn
  contributes more organic matter to the lakes
  system. (the base troph means nutrition)
• Define the word eutrophication using a definition
  of the prefix.

15
Test Prep

• Eu-, ev- --these prefixes mean good, well
• When a lake becomes full of phosphorous,
  nitrogen, and other plant nutrients, it undergoes
  a process called eutrophication. This makes the
  lake more productive or fertile, which in turn
  contributes more organic matter to the lakes
  system. (the base troph means nutrition or
  nourish)
• Define the word eutrophication using a definition
  of the prefix. good nutrition the proper
  balance of all elements needed to nourish plant
  life

16
Test Prep

• Dys- --this prefix means _________, _________
• After several complaints of a racing heartbeat
  and shortness of breath, I encouraged my friend
  to visit her doctor. He diagnosed her with
  dysrhythmia and scheduled her to receive a
  pacemaker, which would regulate the electrical
  pulses in her heart.
• Define the word dysrhythmia using a definition of
  the prefix.

17
Test Prep

• Dys- --this prefix means bad, improper
• After several complaints of a racing heartbeat
  and shortness of breath, I encouraged my friend
  to visit her doctor. He diagnosed her with
  dysrhythmia and scheduled her to receive a
  pacemaker, which would regulate the electrical
  pulses in her heart.
• Define the word dysrhythmia using a definition of
  the prefix.
• A bad or improper rhythm of the heart an
  irregular heartbeat pattern